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BUTANOL

1-Butanol (IUPAC: Butan-1-ol) also known as n-Butanol is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H9OH and a linear structure. 
Isomers of 1-Butanol are isobutanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol. The unmodified term butanol usually refers to the straight chain isomer.


1-BUTANOL; n-Butanol;n-Butyl alcohol;Propyl carbinol;Butan-1-ol; Butyl alcohol
n-Butanol or n-butyl alcohol or normal butanol is a primary alcohol with a 4-carbon structure and the chemical formula C4H9OH. Its isomers include isobutanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol. Butanol is one of the group of “fusel alcohols” (from the German for “bad liquor”), which have more than two carbon atoms and have significant solubility in water.
n-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates, and is present in many foods and beverages. It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States, used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods and cordials. It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.

Substance name:1-butanol
Trade name:n-Butyl Alcohol
EC no:200-751-6
CAS no:71-36-3
HS code:29051300
Formula:C4H10O
CAS no:71-36-3;n-Butyl Alcohol;1-butanol;Normal butanol, n-Butanol, Normal butyl alcohol, n-Butyl alcohol.Synonyms:1-butyl alcohol; 1-hydroxy butane;alcohol C4; butan-1-ol; butanol; Butanols; butyl alcohol; butyl hydroxide; butyric alcohol; butyric alcohol, n- ;butyric alcohol, normal- ; hemostyp ; methyl ethyl carbinol; methylol propane;n-butan-1-ol;n-butyl alcohol;n-butyric alcohol;normal primary butyl alcohol;normal-butan-1-ol;normal-butanol;normal-butyl alcohol;normalbutyric alcohol;normal-propyl carbinol;n-prim butyl alcohol;n-propyl carbinol;primary-normalbutyl alcohol; prim-n-butyl alcohol; propyl carbinol;propyl methanol
Normal butanol, n-Butanol, Normal butyl alcohol, n-Butyl alcohol
Normal butanol is used as a raw material for coating resins, butyl carboxylates such as butyl acetate, butyl acrylate, and glycol ethers.
On the other hand, it is widely used as a solvent because many organic materials are soluble in it.

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Normal butanol is a 4-carbon, straight-chain alcohol. It is used as a solvent and as a raw material for coating resins, butyl acrylate, butyl acetates, glycol ethers, etc.
CAS: No. 71-36-3 (T)
EINECS: No. 200-751-6
Normal butanol (NBA), also called normal butyl alcohol, is a 4-carbon, linear alcohol.


What is N-Butanol?
n-Butanol (also known as normal butanol and n-butyl alcohol) is a primary alcohol with a molecular formula of C4H10O. 
It has a colourless liquid of medium volatility and a characteristic banana-like odour. 
n-Butanol only has limited miscibility in water, however it is easily soluble in regular solvents such as ethers, alcohol, glycols and hydrocarbons. 
This solvent is very flammable, with a flashpoint of around 35° C.

The Production of N-Butanol
N-butanol can occur naturally as product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates.  
However, the major use (and therefore production) is in the industrial arena.  
It is a bulk petrochemical manufactured from the feedstock of propylene in an ‘oxo process’ in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst.  
This creates butyraldehde which is subsequently hydrogenated to produce n-butanol.

How is N-Butanol stored and distributed?
A chemical wholesaler would have a bulk petrochemical storage facility to maintain the product.  
Storage is normally in a cool, dry and well ventilated facility away from oxidising agents.  
N-butanol should be kept out of direct sunlight, heat and open flames.  
Solvents such as n-butanol should be stored in drummed containers such as isotanks made of stainless steel, aluminium or carbon steel.

A bulk solvent exporter would normally distribute this solvent in bulk vessels or tank trucks.  
For transportation purposes, n-butanol is classed as a flammable liquid with a fire hazard rating of 2.  
A full bulk chemical distributor would export the solvent throughout regions such as the UK, Europe, Africa and America.  
This product is a packing group 3.

What is N-Butanol used for?
n-butanol can be used a chemical intermediate to create other chemicals (e.g.  Esters, n-butyl acetate and amino resins); alternatively it can be used as a solvent in the creation of consumer products.  
n-butanol is used as a solvent for paints, coatings, varnishes, fats, oils, waxes, rubber and plasticizers.  
Other uses include coating fabric in the textiles industry, as a cleaning or polishing agent, gasoline, brake fluid and in consumer products such as make-up, nail products, hygiene products and shaving products in the cosmetic industry.  
The main user end market of this product is the chemical, petrochemical, textiles, cleaning and cosmetics industries.

Normal butanol is almost insoluble in water, but is soluble in almost all organic solvents.
Our n-butanol has very low-level impurities and may be used as a raw material for a wide variety of chemicals.


1-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates and is present in many foods and beverages.
It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States, used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods, and cordials.
It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.

The largest use of 1-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, particularly for the manufacture of butyl acetate (itself an artificial flavorant and industrial solvent). 
It is a petrochemical derived from propylene. Estimated production figures for 1997 are: United States 784,000 tonnes; Western Europe 575,000 tonnes; Japan 225,000 tonnes.

Production
Since the 1950s, most 1-butanol is produced by the hydroformylation of propylene (oxo process) to form butyraldehyde. 
Typical catalysts are based on cobalt and rhodium. The butyraldehyde is then hydrogenated to produce butanol.

N-butyl alcohol is a colorless liquid. Used in organic chemical synthesis, plasticizers, detergents, etc.
Butan-1-ol is a primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. 
It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. 
It has a role as a protic solvent, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. 
It is a primary alcohol and an alkyl alcohol.

Industrial use
Constituting 85% of its use, 1-butanol is mainly used in the production of varnishes. 
It is a popular solvent, e.g. for nitrocellulose. 
A variety of butyl esters are used as solvents, e.g. butoxyethanol. 
Many plasticizers are based on butyl esters, e.g., dibutyl phthalate. 
The monomer butyl acrylate is used to produce polymers. It is the precursor to n-butylamines.

Biofuel
1-Butanol has been proposed as a substitute for diesel fuel and gasoline. 
It is produced in small quantities in nearly all fermentations (see fusel oil). 
Clostridium produces much higher yields of butanol. 
Research is underway to increase the biobutanol yield from biomass.

Butanol is considered as a potential biofuel (butanol fuel). 
Butanol at 85 percent strength can be used in cars designed for gasoline (petrol) without any change to the engine (unlike 85% ethanol), and it provides more energy for a given volume than ethanol, due to butanol's lower oxygen content, and almost as much as gasoline. 
Therefore, a vehicle using butanol would return fuel consumption more comparable to gasoline than ethanol. 
Butanol can also be added to diesel fuel to reduce soot emissions.

The production of, or in some cases, the use of, the following substances may result in exposure to 1-butanol: artificial leather, butyl esters, rubber cement, dyes, fruit essences, lacquers, motion picture, and photographic films, raincoats, perfumes, pyroxylin plastics, rayon, safety glass, shellac varnish, and waterproofed cloth.



ATAMAN n-Butanol (n-Butyl alcohol), a four carbon straight chain oxo alcohol, is a medium-boiling liquid that is useful as a chemical intermediate and as a solvent for ambient dry and baking coatings. 
It is widely used as an etherification alcohol in the manufacture of amino resins that are used as curing agents in baking and physical-drying finishes. 
ATAMAN n-Butanol is also a very effective latent solvent for cellulosic lacquers and ambient-cured enamels, reducing formulation viscosity and providing excellent flow and leveling during film formation.

The chemical substances for this product are listed as Inert Ingredients Permitted for Use in Nonfood Use Pesticide Products, and in Food Use Pesticide Products with limitations, under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). 


Applications/uses
Agriculture intermediates
Architectural coatings
Auto OEM
Auto plastics
Auto refinish
Building materials
Coil coatings
Construction chemicals
Furniture
General industrial coatings
 
Graphic arts
Industrial maintenance
Lubricants
Marine
Paints & coatings
Process solvents
Protective coatings
Specialty chemicals
Wood coatings
Occurrence in nature
1-Butanol occurs naturally as a result of carbohydrate fermentation in a number of alcoholic beverages, including beer,grape brandies,wine,and whisky.
It has been detected in the volatiles of hops, jack fruit,heat-treated milks, musk melon, cheese, southern pea seed,and cooked rice.
1-Butanol is also formed during deep frying of corn oil, cottonseed oil, trilinolein, and triolein.

1-Butanol is one of the "fusel alcohols" (from the German for "bad liquor"), which include alcohols that have more than two carbon atoms and have significant solubility in water.
It is a natural component of many alcoholic beverages, albeit in low and variable concentrations.
It (along with similar fusel alcohols) is reputed to be responsible for severe hangovers, although experiments in animal models show no evidence for this.

1-Butanol is used as an ingredient in processed and artificial flavorings,and for the extraction of lipid-free protein from egg yolk,natural flavouring materials and vegetable oils, the manufacture of hop extract for beermaking, and as a solvent in removing pigments from moist curd leaf protein concentrate.

Metabolism and toxicity
The acute toxicity of 1-butanol is relatively low, with oral LD50 values of 790–4,360 mg/kg (rat; comparable values for ethanol are 7,000–15,000 mg/kg).
It is metabolized completely in vertebrates in a manner similar to ethanol: alcohol dehydrogenase converts 1-butanol to butyraldehyde; this is then converted to butyric acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Butyric acid can be fully metabolized to carbon dioxide and water by the β-oxidation pathway. 
In the rat, only 0.03% of an oral dose of 2,000 mg/kg was excreted in the urine.
At sub-lethal doses, 1-butanol acts as a depressant of the central nervous system, similar to ethanol: one study in rats indicated that the intoxicating potency of 1-butanol is about 6 times higher than that of ethanol, possibly because of its slower transformation by alcohol dehydrogenase


n-Butanol is used as a solvent and as a feedstock for syntheses.
A survey of the various applications is presented below, but does not claim to be complete.
About half of the production of pure n-Butanol and its derivatives (primarily esters) is used as solvents in the coatings industry. 
The advantage here is that n-Butanol prevents blushing of certain coatings when they dry under humid conditions. 
Thus it is widely used as a diluent in cellulose nitrate lacquers and serves to improve their flow, gloss and resistance to blushing (blushing only occurs in the presence of volatile solvents and at high humidities). 
For this purpose addition rates of 5 –10 % are generally sufficient.
n-Butanol is an eminently suitable solvent for acid-curable lacquers and baking finishes derived from urea, melamine, or phenolic resins.
In these applications, it is mostly used together with glycol ethers or ethanol.
When added even in small proportions to alkyd resin paints, n-Butanol reduces their viscosity and thus improves their brushability and flow. 
Low concentrations of n-Butanol prevent cobwebbing in lacquers formulated from spirit-soluble resins.
Some butyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, phthalate anhyride and acrylic acid are established plasticizers for plastics, rubber mixes and dispersions. 
The most important are dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP) and butyl acrylate. 
Dibutyl sebacate (DBS) and dibutyl azelate (DBZ) are of lesser importance. 
The corresponding adipate is too volatile as a plasticizer and therefore of no practical significance in these applications.
Other applications for n-Butanol are as follows:
– Solvent for dyes e.g. in printing inks.
– Extractant in the production of drugs and natural substances such as antibiotics, hormones, vitamins, alkaloids and camphor.
– Additive in polishes and cleaners, e. g. floor cleaners and stain removers.
– Solubilizer in the textile industry, e. g. additive in spinning baths or carrier for colouring plastics.
– Additive in de-icing fluids.
– Additive in gasoline for spark-ignition engines (prevents carburetter icing).
– Mobile phase in paper and thin-layer chromatography.
– Humectant for cellulose nitrate.
– Feedstock for the production of glycol ethers (in reactions with ethylene or propylene oxide).
– Starting material for various butyl monocarboxylates, e.g. butyl acetate and butyl butyrate, which are widely used as solvents.
– Feedstock for the production of flotation aids (e. g. butyl xanthate). 
The butyl esters of various dicarboxylic acids, e.g. sebacic, adipic and stearic acids, are used as synthetic and semisynthetic lubricants and hydraulic fluids.


Chemical formula: C4H10O
Molar mass:74.123 g·mol−1
Appearance:Colourless, refractive liquid
Odor: banana-like, harsh, alcoholic and sweet
Density: 0.81 g/cm3
Melting point: −89.8 °C 
Boiling point: 117.7 °C 
Solubility in water: 73 g/L at 25 °C
Solubility: very soluble in acetone
miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether
log P:0.839
Vapor pressure: 6 mmHg (20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 16.10
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −56.536·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.3993 (20 °C)
Viscosity: 2.573 mPa·s (at 25 °C) 
Dipole moment: 1.66 D

IUPAC name: Butan-1-ol. Other names:n-Butanol; n-Butyl alcohol; n-Butyl hydroxide; n-Propylcarbinol; n-Propylmethanol; 1-Hydroxybutane; Methylolpropane.CAS Number: 71-36-3 

1-butanol
Butan-1-ol
butanol
n-butanol
Butyl alcohol
n-butyl alcohol
71-36-3
1-hydroxybutane
Propylcarbinol
Butyl hydroxide
Propylmethanol
Methylolpropane
Hemostyp
Butyric alcohol
n-Butan-1-ol
1-Butyl alcohol
Butanolo
Propyl carbinol
Alcool butylique
Butylowy alkohol
BuOH
Butanolen
Normal primary butyl alcohol
Butanol [French]
Butanolen [Dutch]
RCRA waste number U031
Butanolo [Italian]
CCS 203
n-BuOH
Butyl alcohol (natural)
Butyric or normal primary butyl alcohol
n-Butylalkohol
FEMA Number 2178
Alcool butylique [French]
Butylowy alkohol [Polish]
butanol-1
n-Propyl carbinol
Butanol, 1-
FEMA No. 2178
CCRIS 4321
Butyl alcohol (NF)
Butyl alcohol [NF]


n-butanol [Wiki]
1-Butanol [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Butanol [German] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Butanol [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Butanol ZerO2(R)
225-201-2 [EINECS]
71-36-3 [RN]
969148 [Beilstein]
Alcohol, n-Butyl
butan-1-ol
butanol [Wiki]
Butanol, 1-
Butanolen [Dutch]
butyl alcohol [NF]
Butylowy alkohol [Polish]
Degassed and low oxygen 1-butanol
MFCD00002964 [MDL number]
n-BuOH [Formula]
n-butyl alcohol
Alcool butylique
118104-91-9 [RN]
1219794-84-9 [RN]
1BO
1-Butanol 500 µg/mL in Methanol
1-Butanol 500 µg/mL in Methanol
1-Butanol, anhydrous
1-Butanol-d [ACD/Index Name]
1-Butyl alcohol
1-HYDROXYBUTAN-2-YL
1-hydroxybutane
21044-20-2 [RN]
25493-17-8 [RN]
32586-14-4 [RN]
34193-38-9 [RN]
64118-16-7 [RN]
64156-70-3 [RN]
6AH
91732-68-2 [RN]
BuOH [Formula]
Butan-1-ol, GlenDry, anhydrous
Butan-1-ol, GlenPure, analytical grade
Butanolen
Butanolo
Butyl hydroxide
butylalcohol
Butylowy alkohol
Butyric alcohol
BUTYROL
C8E
HDO
Hemosty
http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0004327
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:28885
NBA
NBU
n-butan-1-ol
n-Butan-1-ol|n-Butanol
n-Butane
N-Butanol, ACS, 99.4+%
n-Butanol;n-Butyl alcohol
n-Butanolbutanolen
n-Butylalkohol
n-Butyl--d6 Alcohol
n-C4H9OH [Formula]
n-Propyl carbinol
propyl carbinol
propyl methanol
Propylcarbinol
Propylmethanol
WLN: Q4
正丁醇 [Chinese]


1-Butanol
1-butanol
Butan-1-ol
butan-1-ol
butan-1-ol; n-butanol
Butyl alcohol
n-butanol

Translated names
1-бутанол (bg)
Alcohol butylowy (pl)
butaan-1-ol (nl)
butaan-1-ool (et)
butan-1-ol (cs)
butan-1-ol (da)
Butan-1-ol (de)
butan-1-ol (es)
butan-1-ol (hr)
butan-1-ol (mt)
butan-1-ol (no)
butan-1-ol (pl)
butan-1-ol (pt)
butan-1-ol (ro)
butan-1-ol (sl)
butan-1-ol (sv)
butan-1-ol;n-butanol (fr)
Butan-1-oli (fi)
butan-1-olis (lt)
butan-1-olo (it)
butanol (sk)
bután-1-ol (hu)
bután-1-ol (sk)
butān-1-ols (lv)
n-butanol (cs)
n-butanol (da)
n-Butanol (de)
n-butanol (es)
n-butanol (fr)
n-butanol (hr)
n-butanol (hu)
n-butanol (mt)
n-butanol (nl)
n-butanol (no)
n-butanol (pl)
n-butanol (pt)
n-butanol (ro)
n-butanol (sl)
n-butanol (sv)
n-butanoli (fi)
n-butanolis (lt)
n-butanolo (it)
n-butanols (lv)
n-butanool (et)
n-βουτανόλη (el)
n-бутанол (bg)
βουταν-1-όλη (el)
CAS names: 1-Butanol


IUPAC names
1-BUTANOL
1-Butanol
1-butanol
1-Butanol
1-butanol
1-Butanol (n-Butanol)
1-Hydroxy Butane
Buan-1-ol
Butan-1-ol
butan-1-ol
Butan-1-ol
butan-1-ol
Butan-1-ol,
butan-1-ol/n-butanol
butan-1-ol; n-butanol
butan-1.ol
Butan-2-ol
Butanol
butanol
Butanol
butanol
butyl alcohol
Butyl Alcohol
EC 200-751-6 n-Butanol
Isobutanol
Isobutanol, n-Butyl Alcohol
n-butano
n-Butanol 
n-butanol 
N-Butanol
N-butanol
n-Butanol
n-butanol
n-Butyl Alcohol
n-Butyl alcohol
n-butyl alcohol
NORMAL BUTYL ALCOHOL
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