Cas no : 77-78-1
dimethyl sulfate
dimethyl sulfate, 3H-labeled
dimethylsulfate
DIMETHYL SULFATE
Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester
Formula: C2H6O4S
Molecular weight: 126.132
CAS Registry Number: 77-78-1
Chemical structure: C2H6O4S
Other names: Dimethyl sulfate; DMS; Methyl Sulfate; Sulphuric acid dimethyl ester; Dimethyl sulphate; Dimethyl monosulfate; Dimethylester kyseliny sirove; Dimethylsulfaat; Dimethylsulfat; Dimetilsolfato; Dwumetylowy siarczan; DMS (Methyl sulfate); Methyl sulfate, Me2SO4; Methyle (sulfate de); Sulfate de dimethyle; Sulfate dimethylique; Rcra waste number U103; UN 1595; Dimethoxysulfone; NSC 56194
About Dimethyl Sulfate
CAS 77-78-1; Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is a strong methylating agent with superior reaction rates and higher yields than competitive products. It is a versatile chemical used to produce household and commercial chemicals in a variety of processes.
Application
Dimethyl sulfate is a powerful methylating reagent for the methylation of carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, lactams, oximes, hydroxylamines, and hydroperoxides.It can be used as a reagent for the preparation of N-methyl alkyl- and aryl-substituted amines, amides, and quaternary ammonium salts. Dimethyl sulfate is also used in the methylation of sulfur-containing compounds to synthesize sulfides and sulfonium ions.
It can also be used as a reagent:
• For the preparation of quaternary ammonium acrylic monomer as a potent antibacterial agent by the quaternization of 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate.
• Along with dimethyl sulfoxide for the synthesis of epoxides from aldehydes and ketones via formation of trimethylsulfonium cation.
• To prepare an oxygenate additive for diesel by the methylation of glycerol.
DMS is a strong methylating agent that reacts with active hydrogen and alkali metal salts to form substituted oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur compounds.
Dimethyl Sulfate is an odorless, corrosive, oily liquid with an onion-like odor that emits toxic fumes upon heating. Dimethyl sulfate is used in industry as a methylating agent in the manufacture of many organic chemicals. Inhalation exposure to its vapors is highly irritating to the eyes and lungs and may cause damage to the liver, kidney, heart and central nervous system, while dermal contact causes severe blistering.
Applications for Dimethyl Sulfate
DMS is used to create surfactants, fabric softeners, water treatment chemicals, agricultural chemicals, drugs, and dyes. As a methylating agent, DMS can introduce a methyl group to oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, phosphorous, and some metals.
While DMS is most often used as a methylating agent, it can sometimes be utilized in other contexts including in sulfonation, as a catalyst, as a solvent, and as a stabilizer.
Dimethyl sulfate is a colorless oily liquid, odorless to a faint onion-like odor. It is very toxic by inhalation. It is a combustible liquid and has a flash point of 182°F. It is slightly soluble in water and decomposed by water to give sulfuric acid with evolution of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue. It is a potent methylating agent.
Dimethyl sulfate is the dimethyl ester of sulfuric acid. It has a role as an alkylating agent and an immunosuppressive agent.
Formula
(CH3)2 SO4
Physical Properties
Colorless, oily liquid
bp 189 °C, mp -32 °C
Soluble in water (2.8 g/100 mL at 20 °C); reacts slowly with water to form sulfuric acid and methanol
Odor
Almost odorless
Vapor Density
4.3 (air = 1.0)
Vapor Pressure
0.5 mmHg at 20 °C
Flash Point
83 °C
Autoignition Temperature
495 °C
Toxicity Data
LD50 oral (rat) 205 mg/kg
LC50 inhal (rat) 9 ppm (45 mg/m3;4 h)
PEL (OSHA) 1 ppm (5 mg/m3)--skin
TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 0.1 ppm (0.52 mg/m3)--skin
Major Hazards
Liquid and vapor can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; corrosive and moderately toxic by ingestion; probable human carcinogen (OSHA "select carcinogen").
Toxicity
Dimethyl sulfate is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects. The vapor of this compound is extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and contact with the liquid can cause very severe burns to the eyes and skin. Ingestion of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. The effects of overexposure to dimethyl sulfate vapor may be delayed. After a latent period of 10 hours or more, headache and severe pain to the eyes upon exposure to light may occur, followed by cough, tightness of the chest, shortness of breath, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, vomiting, diarrhea, and painful urination. Fatal pulmonary edema may develop. Systemic effects of dimethyl sulfate include damage to the liver and kidneys.
Dimethyl sulfate is listed by IARC in Group 2A ("probable human carcinogen") and is classified as a "select carcinogen" under the criteria of the OSHA Laboratory Standard. Data indicate that dimethyl sulfate does not specifically harm unborn animals; dimethyl sulfate is not a developmental toxin. It is a strong alkylating agent and does produce genetic damage in animals and in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures.
Flammability and Explosibility
Dimethyl sulfate is a combustible liquid (NFPA rating = 2). Toxic dimethyl sulfate vapors are produced in a fire. Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight dimethyl sulfate fires.
Reactivity and Incompatibility
Dimethyl sulfate can react violently with ammonium hydroxide, sodium azide, and strong oxidizers.
DIMETHYL SULFATE
77-78-1
Dimethyl sulphate
Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester
dimethylsulfate
Dimethyl monosulfate
Dimethylsulfat
Sulfate dimethylique
Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester
Dimethylsulfaat
Dimetilsolfato
DMS (methyl sulfate)
Dwumetylowy siarczan
Sulfato de dimetilo
Dimethoxysulfone
Methyle (sulfate de)
DimethylSulphate
RCRA waste number U103
Sulfate de dimethyle
Dimethylester kyseliny sirove
Dimethylsulfat [Czech]
Methyl sulfate (VAN)
Dimethylsulfaat [Dutch]
Dimetilsolfato [Italian]
UNII-JW5CW40Z50
NSC 56194
CCRIS 265
Dwumetylowy siarczan [Polish]
Sulfate dimethylique [French]
Sulfate de dimethyle [French]
Sulfato de dimetilo [Spanish]
HSDB 932
Methyle (sulfate de) [French]
EINECS 201-058-1
Methyl sulfate, Me2SO4
UN1595
Dimethylester kyseliny sirove [Czech]
CAS-77-78-1
Dimethyl sulfate, 99+%, AcroSeal(R)
Me2SO4
dimethlysulfate
dimethysulfate
dimetylsulphate
dimethyl-sulfate
dirnethyl sulfate
Sulfate de methyle
dimethylsulfuric acid
dimethyl sulfuric acid
ACMC-20p1dz
DI-METHYL SULFATE
Dimethyl sulfate, 99+%
EC 201-058-1
SCHEMBL1249
WLN: 1OSWO1
Dimethyl sulfate, >=99%
Sulphuric acid dimethyl ester
CHEMBL162150
Dimethyl sulfate, >=99.8%
DTXSID5024055
(CH3)2SO4
Dimethyl sulfate [UN1595] [Poison]
LS-1714
MCULE-2861298645
UN 1595
Dimethyl sulfate [UN1595] [Poison]
Dimethyl sulfate, purum, >=95.0% (GC)
Dimethyl sulfate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Q413421
Dimethyl sulfate, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC)
Dimethyl sulfate, for GC derivatization, >=99.0% (GC)
