SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE (SORBİTAN MONOPALMİTAT)

SYNONYMS:

SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE;emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6-hexadecanoate; D-Glucitol, 1,4-anhydro-, 6-hexadecanoate; DSSTox_CID_9335; EC 247-568-; DSSTox_RID_7876; DSSTox_GSID_29335; CHEMBL3186294DTXSID6029335; SCHEMBL13700731; Sorbitan monopalmitate. (Compound usually contains also associated fatty acids.); 77K6Z421KU; ZINC8214459; Span 40 (=Sorbitan Monopalmitate); Tox21_112783; 1,4-anhydro-6-O-palmitoyl-D-glucitol; CAS-26266-57-9; S0061; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510;emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBİTAN PALMITAT; sorbitan palmitate; sorbitane mono plmitate; palmitate; palmıtat; palmiyat; sorbitan mono palmıtat; sorbitan mono palmitat; sorbitane mono palmitat; sorbıtan mono palmıtat; sorbıtanmono palmıtat; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; E-495; Synonymscrill2;SPAN 40;sorgen70;glycomulp; liposorbp; montane40;ARLACEL 40; SPAN(R) 40; SPAN NO 40; emsorb2510; Sorbitan monopalnitateSpan #40 (=Sorbitan monopalmitate)Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Span-40)ARLACEL 40SORBITAN PALMITATESORBITAN MONOPALMITATESORBITANE MONOPALMITATESPAN(TM) 40SPAN NO 40SPAN(R) 40SPAN 40crill2 emsorb2510 EmulsifierS40 glycomulp liposorbp montane40 nikkolsp10 nissannonionpp40 nissannonionpp40r nonionpp40 protachemsmp rheodolsp-p10 Sorbitan,monohexadecanoate sorgen70 span(r)40hlb-value6.7 SORBITANMONOPALMITATE,NFSorbitanpalmitat26266-57-9C22H42O6C22H44O7Ester Type (Surfactants)Functional MaterialsNonionic SurfactantsSurfactantsCosmetic Ingredients & ChemicalsSorbitan monopalmitate, Span(R) 40Lonzest(R) SMP1,4-Anhydro-6-o-palmitoyl-D-glucitolSorbitan MonopalMitate, NF, EPSpan 40 Arlacel 40 Sorbitan MonopalmitatePalmitic acid compound with (2R,3R,4S)-2-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (1:1)Palmitic acid compound with (2R,3R,4S)Nonionic SurfactantsEster Type (Surfactants)Surfactants; kaopan SP-P-10; E-495; SMP; Sorbitan Esters; emulsifiers; kaopan SP-P-10; liposorb P; lonzest SMP; monemul - 40; nikkol SP-10V; liposorb P; lonzest SMP; monemul - 40; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; rheodol SP-P10; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan, esters, monohexadecanoate; [2-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] hexadecanoate Liposorb P; emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE;emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6-hexadecanoate; D-Glucitol, 1,4-anhydro-, 6-hexadecanoate; DSSTox_CID_9335; EC 247-568-; DSSTox_RID_7876; DSSTox_GSID_29335; CHEMBL3186294DTXSID6029335; SCHEMBL13700731; Sorbitan monopalmitate. (Compound usually contains also associated fatty acids.); 77K6Z421KU; ZINC8214459; Span 40 (=Sorbitan Monopalmitate); Tox21_112783; 1,4-anhydro-6-O-palmitoyl-D-glucitol; CAS-26266-57-9; S0061; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510;emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; CAS Number 26266-57-9; C22H42O6; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monohexadecanoate; Span 40; Sorbitan palmitate; Arlacel 40; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; Crill 2; Montane 40; Nikkol SP10; Nonion PP40; Sorgen 70;Nissan nonion PP40; Rheodol SP-P 10; Sorbitan, monopalmitate; Emsorb 2510; SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE;Nissan nonion PP 40RSorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin]; EINECS 247-568-8; Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French];Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish]; Sorbitani palmitas; AI3-03901,Palmitate de sorbitan; Sorbitan palmitate [INN]; Palmitato de sorbitanoUNII-77K6Z421KU; Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF]; NCGC00181308-01; 1; SORBİTAN PALMITAT; sorbitan palmitate; sorbitane mono plmitate; palmitate; palmıtat; palmiyat; sorbitan mono palmıtat; sorbitan mono palmitat; sorbitane mono palmitat; sorbıtan mono palmıtat; sorbıtanmono palmıtat; Glycomul P; Liposorb P; Protachem SMP; Sorbitan palmitas; E-495; Synonymscrill2;SPAN 40;sorgen70;glycomulp; liposorbp; montane40;ARLACEL 40; SPAN(R) 40; SPAN NO 40; emsorb2510; Sorbitan monopalnitateSpan #40 (=Sorbitan monopalmitate)Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Span-40)ARLACEL 40SORBITAN PALMITATESORBITAN MONOPALMITATESORBITANE MONOPALMITATESPAN(TM) 40SPAN NO 40SPAN(R) 40SPAN 40crill2 emsorb2510 EmulsifierS40 glycomulp liposorbp montane40 nikkolsp10 nissannonionpp40 nissannonionpp40r nonionpp40 protachemsmp rheodolsp-p10 Sorbitan,monohexadecanoate sorgen70 span(r)40hlb-value6.7 SORBITANMONOPALMITATE,NFSorbitanpalmitat26266-57-9C22H42O6C22H44O7Ester Type (Surfactants)Functional MaterialsNonionic SurfactantsSurfactantsCosmetic Ingredients & ChemicalsSorbitan monopalmitate, Span(R) 40Lonzest(R) SMP1,4-Anhydro-6-o-palmitoyl-D-glucitolSorbitan MonopalMitate, NF, EPSpan 40 Arlacel 40 Sorbitan MonopalmitatePalmitic acid compound with (2R,3R,4S)-2-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (1:1)Palmitic acid compound with (2R,3R,4S)Nonionic SurfactantsEster Type (Surfactants)Surfactants; kaopan SP-P-10; E-495; SMP; Sorbitan Esters; emulsifiers; kaopan SP-P-10; liposorb P; lonzest SMP; monemul - 40; nikkol SP-10V; liposorb P; lonzest SMP; monemul - 40; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; sorbitan monohexadecanoate; rheodol SP-P10; sorbitan monopalmitate; sorbitan, esters, monohexadecanoate; [2-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] hexadecanoate Liposorb P; emülsiyonlaştırıcı S40; ; SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE; Sorbitan monopalmitate ; SORBiTAN MONOPALMiTATE; Sorbitan monopalmitat; Sorbıtane mono palmıtate; Sorbıtan mono palmıtate; Sorbitan mono palmitate;

Monopalmitate de sorbitane

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Monopalmitate de sorbitane

Sorbitan monopalmitate.svg

Des noms

Autres noms

Palmitate de sorbitane; Span 40; E495

Identifiants

Numero CAS

26266-57-9 ☑

ECHA InfoCard 100.043.229

Numéro E E495 (épaississants, ...)

PubChem CID

14927

UNII

77K6Z421KU ☑

Tableau de bord CompTox (EPA)

DTXSID6029335 Modifier cela sur Wikidata

Propriétés

Formule chimique

C22H42O6

Masse molaire 402,572 g · mol - 1

Point de fusion 46-47 ° C (115-117 ° F; 319-320 K) [1]

Dangers

Point d'éclair 113 ° C (235 ° F; 386 K) [1]

Sauf indication contraire, les données sont données pour les matériaux dans leur état standard (à 25 ° C [77 ° F], 100 kPa).

Références Infobox

Le monopalmitate de sorbitane (SMP) est un additif alimentaire [2] autorisé par l'UE. Il s'agit de l'entrée E495 dans la liste des numéros E des additifs alimentaires autorisés. [3] Il est également connu sous le nom commercial Span 40. [4]

Synopsis

Le monopalmitate de sorbitane est connu depuis au moins 1959. [5]

Le monopalmitate de sorbitane est un polysorbate dérivé du mélange d'esters partiels de sorbitol traités à l'acide palmitique. Le monopalmitate de sorbitane est un tensioactif lipophile. Il peut être trouvé en combinaison avec des polysorbates. Il est utilisé pour modifier la cristallisation des graisses. [3] Il est insoluble dans l'eau. [6] Jusqu'à 25 mg / kg de poids corporel peuvent être traités par l'homme. Le monopalmitate de sorbitan est métabolisé en sorbitol et en acide palmitique, sans aucun effet secondaire apparent. L'utilisation de graisses animales, comme le porc, dans la production de monopalmitate de sorbitane est possible. [4]

3.1 Aide sur les propriétés calculées Nouvelle fenêtre

Nom de la propriété Référence de la valeur de la propriété

Poids moléculaire 402,6 g / mol calculé par PubChem 2.1 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

XLogP3-AA 5.8 Calculé par XLogP3 3.0 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3 calculé par Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 6 calculé par Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Rotatable Bond Count 18 calculé par Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Masse exacte 402,298139 g / mol calculée par PubChem 2.1 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Masse monoisotopique 402,298139 g / mol calculée par PubChem 2.1 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Surface polaire topologique 96,2 Ų calculée par Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Nombre d'atomes lourds 28 calculé par PubChem

Charge formelle 0 calculée par PubChem

Complexité 389 calculée par Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (version PubChem 2019.06.18)

Nombre d'atomes d'isotopes 0 calculé par PubChem

Nombre défini de stéréocentres atomiques 4 calculés par PubChem

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 calculé par PubChem

Nombre de stéréocentres à liaisons définies 0 calculé par PubChem

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 calculé par PubChem

Nombre d'unités liées par liaison covalente 1 calculé par PubChem

Le composé est canonisé Oui

la description

Le monopalmitate de sorbitane (durée 40) est un émulsifiant non ionique, un tensioactif et un additif alimentaire. Le produit de Croda Inc. Span 40 est utilisé dans les soins de la peau, les cheveux et les cosmétiques décoratifs. Il est également utilisé comme effecteur dans des compositions capables de faciliter la pénétration à travers une barrière biologique. Ingrédient inactif de certains médicaments, il améliore l'administration transdermique de médicaments et est un vecteur potentiel de l'administration topique de médicaments. Dans la crème PLIAGLIS (lidocaïne et tétracaïne), le monopalmitate de sorbitan est utilisé comme ingrédient inactif. Le monopalmitate de sorbitane est un ester de sorbitane d'acide gras, de cire brun jaunâtre, légèrement soluble dans l'isopropanol, le xylène et la paraffine liquide, insoluble dans l'eau, non toxique.

Guide d'utilisation in vitro

Le monopalmitate de 10% de sorbitan ajouté à la pommade a augmenté significativement l'absorption percutanée du salicylate de sodium déterminée à partir des taux sanguins chez les lapins blancs de Nouvelle-Zélande à intervalles réguliers pendant 8 heures après l'application de la pommade.

Propriétés du monopalmitate de sorbitane

Point de fusion: 46-47 ° C (lit.)

Point d'ébullition: 444,68 ° C (estimation approximative)

Densité 1,0412 (estimation approximative)

indice de réfraction 1,4593 (estimation)

Point d'éclair:> 230 ° F

solubilité Pratiquement insoluble dans l'eau, soluble dans les huiles grasses, légèrement soluble dans l'alcool.

forme solide

couleur Flocons blancs

Hydrosolubilité insoluble dans l'eau

Équilibre hydrophile-lipophile (HLB) 6,7

InChIKeyDOCCLKYMPJSXGB-VCDGYCQFSA-N

Additifs indirects utilisés dans les substances en contact avec les aliments MONOPALMITATE SORBITAIN

Référence CAS DataBase26266-57-9 (Référence CAS DataBase)

Scores alimentaires d'EWG1

FDA UNII77K6Z421KU

Système de registre des substances de l'EPA Monopalmitate de sorbitane (26266-57-9)

Les usages

Le monopalmitate de sorbitane est un tensioactif non ionique de milieu de gamme HLB suggéré pour une utilisation en tant qu'émulsifiant sans ou sans huile pour les formulations cosmétiques, les produits ménagers et les produits chimiques textiles.

Les usages

le palmitate de sorbitan est un émulsifiant doté de capacités de liaison à l'humidité. Il sert également de solubilisant aux huiles essentielles dans l'eau. Il est dérivé du sorbitol.

Tanımlayıcılar

CAS numarası

26266-57-9 ☑

ECHA Bilgi Kartı 100.043.229

E numarası E495 (kıvam arttırıcılar, ...)

PubChem CID

14927

UNII

77K6Z421KU ☑

CompTox Kontrol Paneli (EPA)

DTXSID6029335 Bunu Wikidata'da düzenleyin

Özellikleri

Kimyasal formül

C22H42O6

Molar kütle 402.572 g · mol - 1

Erime noktası 46-47 ° C (115-117 ° F; 319-320 K) [1]

Tehlikeler

Parlama noktası 113 ° C (235 ° F; 386 K) [1]

Aksi belirtilmedikçe, standart halindeki malzemeler için veriler verilir (25 ° C [77 ° F], 100 kPa'da).

Bilgi kutusu referansları

Sorbitan monopalmitat (SMP), AB tarafından izin verilen bir gıda katkı maddesidir. İzin verilen gıda katkı maddelerinin E numarası listesine E495 girilir. [3] Span 40 ticari adı altında da bilinir. [4]

özet

Sorbitan monopalmitat en az 1959'dan beri bilinmektedir. [5]

Sorbitan monopalmitat, palmitik asit ile muamele edilmiş kısmi sorbitol esterlerinin karışımından türetilmiş bir polisorbattır. Sorbitan monopalmitat lipofilik bir yüzey aktif maddedir. Polisorbatlarla kombinasyon halinde bulunabilir. Yağların kristalleşmesini değiştirmek için kullanılır. [3] Suda çözünmez. [6] 25 mg / kg vücut ağırlığı insanlar tarafından işlenebilir. Sorbitan monopalmitat, belirgin bir yan etki olmaksızın sorbitol ve palmitik aside metabolize edilir. Sorbitan monopalmitat üretiminde domuz eti gibi hayvansal yağların kullanılması mümkündür. [4]

E495 (Sorbitan mono palmitat)

1 2

3.1 Hesaplanan Özellikler YardımıYeni Pencere

Özellik Adı Özellik Değeri Referansı

Moleküler Ağırlık 402.6 g / mol PubChem 2.1 tarafından hesaplanır (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

XLogP3-AA 5.8 XLogP3 3.0 ile hesaplanır (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

Cactvs 3.4.6.11 tarafından hesaplanan Hidrojen Bond Donör Sayısı 3 (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

Cactvs 3.4.6.11 tarafından hesaplanan Hidrojen Bond Alıcı Sayısı 6 (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18) ile hesaplanan Dönebilir Tahvil Sayısı 18

Tam Kütle 402.298139 g / mol PubChem 2.1 tarafından hesaplanır (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

Monoizotop Kütlesi 402.298139 g / mol PubChem 2.1 tarafından hesaplandı (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

Topolojik Polar Yüzey Alanı 96.2 Ų Cactvs 3.4.6.11 tarafından hesaplanmıştır (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

PubChem tarafından hesaplanan Heavy Atom Sayısı 28

Resmi Ücret 0 PubChem tarafından hesaplanan

Karmaşıklık 389 Cactvs tarafından hesaplanmıştır 3.4.6.11 (PubChem sürümü 2019.06.18)

PubChem tarafından hesaplanan İzotop Atom Sayısı 0

PubChem tarafından tanımlanan Tanımlı Atom Stereo Merkezi 3

Tanımsız Atom Stereo Merkezi Sayı 0 PubChem tarafından hesaplandı

PubChem tarafından tanımlanan Bond Stereocenter Sayısı 0

Tanımsız Bond Stereocenter Sayısı 0 PubChem tarafından hesaplanan

Kovalent Bağlantılı Birim Sayısı 1 PubChem tarafından hesaplanır

Bileşik Kanonikleştirildi Evet

açıklama

Sorbitan monopalmitat (Span 40) noniyonik bir emülgatör, yüzey aktif madde ve gıda katkı maddesidir. Croda Inc. Span 40 ürünü cilt bakımı, saç bakımı ve dekoratif kozmetik ürünlerinde kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca biyolojik bir bariyere nüfuz etmeyi kolaylaştırabilen kompozisyonlarda bir efektör olarak kullanılır. Bazı ilaçların aktif olmayan bileşeni, ilaçların transdermal iletimini geliştirir ve topikal ilaç iletimi için potansiyel bir taşıyıcıdır. PLIAGLIS kreminde (lidokain ve tetrakain) sorbitan monopalmitat, aktif olmayan bir bileşen olarak kullanılır. Sorbitan monopalmitat, izopropanol, ksilen ve sıvı parafin içinde az çözünür, suda çözünmeyen, toksik olmayan bir yağ asidi sorbitan ester, sarımsı kahverengi mumdur.

In Vitro Kullanım Kılavuzu

Merheme eklenen% 10 sorbitan monopalmitat, merhem uygulamasını takiben 8 saat boyunca düzenli aralıklarla Yeni Zelanda beyaz tavşanlarında kan seviyelerinden belirlenen sodyum salisilatın perkütanöz emilimini önemli ölçüde arttırdı.

Sorbitan monopalmitat Özellikleri

Erime noktası: 46-47 ° C (lit.)

Kaynama noktası: 444.68 ° C (kaba tahmin)

Yoğunluk 1.0412 (kaba tahmin)

kırılma indisi 1.4593 (tahmin)

Parlama noktası:> 230 ° F

çözünürlük Pratik olarak suda çözünmez, yağlı yağlarda çözünür, alkolde az çözünür.

form Katı

renk Beyaz pul

Suda Çözünürlük Suda çözünmez

Hidrofilik-Lipofilik Denge (HLB) 6.7

InChIKeyDOCCLKYMPJSXGB-VCDGYCQFSA-N-

Gıda ile Temas Eden Maddelerde Kullanılan Dolaylı Katkı Maddeleri SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE

CAS Veri Tabanı Referansı 26266-57-9 (CAS Veri Tabanı Referansı)

EWG'nin Gıda Puanları1

FDA UNII77K6Z421KU

EPA Madde Kayıt SistemiSorbitan monopalmitat (26266-57-9)

Kullanımları

Sorbitan monopalmitat, kozmetik formülasyonlar, ev ürünleri ve tekstil kimyasalları için w / o veya o / w emülsiyonlaştırıcı olarak kullanılması önerilen iyonik olmayan, orta aralıklı bir HLB yüzey aktif cismidir.

Kullanımları

sorbitan palmitat, nem bağlama kabiliyetlerine sahip bir emülgatördür. Aynı zamanda sudaki uçucu yağların çözünürleştiricisi olarak hizmet eder. Sorbitolden elde edilir.

E434: Polioksietilen (20) sorbitan monopalmitat

Tween 40, Polisorbat 40

Kaynağı:

E434; etilen oksit (sentetik bir bileşik), sorbitol (E420) ve palmitik asitten (doğal bir yağ asidi) üretilen sentetik bir bileşiktir.

Fonksiyon ve Özellikleri:

Emülgatör özelliktedir.

Ürünler:

Pastalarda kullanılır.

Kabul edilebilir günlük alım miktarı:

430-E436 sırası içindeki bileşiklerin bütün grupları için; 25 mg / kg vücut ağırlığı

Yan etkileri:

Kullanılan konsantrasyonlarında bilinen herhangi bir yan etkisi yoktur. Propilen glikolü tolere edemeyen insanlar, 430-E436 grubundan sakınmalıdır.

Kullanımındaki sınırlamalar:

Bu bileşikler (430-E436) içerisindeki yağ asitleri, çoğunlukla (neredeyse her zaman) bitkisel yağlardan elde edilmektedir. Fakat, hayvansal yağların (domuz yağı gibi) bu bileşikler içerisinde kullanımı tamamıyla dışlanamadığı için, buradaki yağ asitleri çok az da olsa hayvansal yağlardan da elde edilme ihtimalini taşır. Kimyasal olarak bu bileşiklerin kaynağı belirlenemez; sadece üreticiler bileşiğin kaynağı ile ilgili bilgi sağlayabilir.

Ürün adı:

C24H46O6

SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE

Sorbitan monopalmitate

rch

Sorbitan monopalmitate

Sorbitan monopalmitate.svg

Names

Other names

Sorbitan palmitate; Span 40; E495

Identifiers

CAS Number

26266-57-9 ☑

ECHA InfoCard 100.043.229

E number E495 (thickeners, ...)

PubChem CID

14927

UNII 

77K6Z421KU ☑

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

DTXSID6029335 Edit this at Wikidata

Properties

Chemical formula

C22H42O6

Molar mass 402.572 g·mol-1

Melting point 46-47 °C (115-117 °F; 319-320 K)[1]

Hazards

Flash point 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)[1]

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Infobox references

Sorbitan monopalmitate (SMP) is a food additive,[2] permitted by the EU. It is entry E495 in the E number list of permitted food additives.[3] It is also known under the trade name Span 40.[4]

Synopsis

Sorbitan monopalmitate has been known since at least 1959.[5]

Sorbitan monopalmitate is a polysorbate that is derived from the mixture of partial esters of sorbitol treated with palmitic acid. Sorbitan monopalmitate is a lipophilic surfactant. It may be found in combination with polysorbates. It is used to modify crystallisation of fats.[3] It is insoluble in water.[6] Up to 25 mg/kg bodyweight can be processed by humans. Sorbitan monopalmitate is metabolized to sorbitol and palmitic acid, without any apparent side effects. The use of animal fats, like pork, in the production of Sorbitan monopalmitate is possible.[4]

3.1Computed Properties HelpNew Window

Property Name Property Value Reference

Molecular Weight 402.6 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

XLogP3-AA 5.8 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 6 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Rotatable Bond Count 18 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Exact Mass 402.298139 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Monoisotopic Mass 402.298139 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Topological Polar Surface Area 96.2 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Heavy Atom Count 28 Computed by PubChem

Formal Charge 0 Computed by PubChem

Complexity 389 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)

Isotope Atom Count 0 Computed by PubChem

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 4 Computed by PubChem

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Computed by PubChem

Compound Is Canonicalized Yes

description

Sorbitan monopalmitate (Span 40) is a nonionic emulsifier, surfactant and food additive. The product of Croda Inc. Span 40 is used in skin care, hair care and decorative cosmetics. It is also used as an effector in compositions capable of facilitating penetration across a biological barrier. Inactive ingredient of some medications it improves transdermal delivery of drugs and is a potential carrier for topical drug delivery. In PLIAGLIS cream (lidocaine and tetracaine) sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an inactive ingredient. Sorbitan monopalmitate is a fatty acid sorbitan ester, yellowish brown wax, slightly soluble in isopropanol, xylene and liquid paraffin, insoluble in water, non-toxic.

In Vitro Use Guide 

10% sorbitan monopalmitate added to the ointment significantly increased percutaneous absorption of sodium salicylate determined from blood levels in New Zealand white rabbits at regular intervals for 8 hr following application of the ointment.

Sorbitan monopalmitate Properties

Melting point:46-47 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:444.68°C (rough estimate)

Density 1.0412 (rough estimate)

refractive index 1.4593 (estimate)

Flash point:>230 °F

solubility Practically insoluble in water, soluble in fatty oils, slightly soluble in alcohol.

form Solid

color White flakes

Water Solubility Insoluble in water

Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB)6.7

InChIKeyDOCCLKYMPJSXGB-VCDGYCQFSA-N

Indirect Additives used in Food Contact SubstancesSORBITAN MONOPALMITATE

CAS DataBase Reference26266-57-9(CAS DataBase Reference)

EWG's Food Scores1

FDA UNII77K6Z421KU

EPA Substance Registry SystemSorbitan monopalmitate (26266-57-9)

Uses

Sorbitan monopalmitate is a nonionic, mid-range HLB surfactant suggested for use as a w/o or an o/w emulsifier for cosmetic formulations, household products and textile chemicals.

Uses

sorbitan palmitate is an emulsifier with moisture-binding abilities. It also serves as a solubilizer of essential oils in water. It is derived from sorbitol.

Sorbitan monopalmitate Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Span 60 L-SORBITOL Hydrogen peroxide Sorbitol Palmitic acid

Preparation Products

E495 (Sorbitan Monopalmitate) (Sorbitan monopalmitate)

1 2

Products

123456789

E495 (Sorbitan Monopalmitate) (SMP)

E495 (Sorbitan Monopalmitate) (SMP)

PRODUCT NAME : Sorbitan Mono Palmitate (E495) SYNONYMOUS: Sorbitan monopalmitate; Sorbitan Esters CLASS : Emulsifier DESCRIPTION AND INGREDIENTS : It is...

E494 (Sorbitan Monooleate) (SMO)

E494 (Sorbitan Monooleate) (SMO)

PRODUCT NAME : Sorbitan Monooleate (E494) SYNONYMOUS: SMO; Sorbitan Esters CLASS : Emulsifier DESCRIPTION AND INGREDIENTS : It is a...

Sorbitan monopalmitate (Span 40) is a nonionic emulsifier, surfactant and food additive. The product of Croda Inc. Span 40 is used in skin care, hair care and decorative cosmetics. It is also used as an effector in compositions capable of facilitating penetration across a biological barrier. Inactive ingredient of some medications it improves transdermal delivery of drugs and is a potential carrier for topical drug delivery. In PLIAGLIS cream (lidocaine and tetracaine) sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an inactive ingredient. Sorbitan monopalmitate is a fatty acid sorbitan ester, yellowish brown wax, slightly soluble in isopropanol, xylene and liquid paraffin, insoluble in water, non-toxic.

Sorbitan monopalmitate (SMP) is a food additive,permitted by the EU. It is entry E495 in the E number list of permitted food additives.[3] It is also known under the trade name Span 40. Synopsis Sorbitan monopalmitate has been known since at least 1959. Around 2000, SMP was permitted by the EU in bakery products, icings, marmalades, simulations of milk and cream, beverage whiteners, liquid concentrates of fruit and herbs, sorbets, emulsified sauces, food supplements and chewing gum amongst others.SMP is a polysorbate that is derived from the mixture of partial esters of sorbitol treated with palmitic acid. SMP is a lipophilic surfactant. It may be found in combination with polysorbates. It is used to modify crystallisation of fats.It is insoluble in water.Up to 25 mg/kg bodyweight can be processed by humans. SMP is metabolised to sorbitol and palmitic acid, without any apparent side effects. The use of animal fats, like pork, in the production of SMP is possible. 

Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport WGK Germany 1 Flash Point(F) 235.4 °F Flash Point(C) 113 °C

In Vitro Use Guide 

10% sorbitan monopalmitate added to the ointment significantly increased percutaneous absorption of sodium salicylate determined from blood levels in New Zealand white rabbits at regular intervals for 8 hr following application of the ointment.

Certificate of Analysis

Enter Lot No.

Certificate of Origin

Enter Lot No.

Bulk Quote-Order Product SDS Specification Sheet FT-IR Condensed Phase Structure Search

Sorbitan monopalmitate Properties

Melting point:46-47 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:444.68°C (rough estimate)

Density 1.0412 (rough estimate)

refractive index 1.4593 (estimate)

Flash point:>230 °F

solubility Practically insoluble in water, soluble in fatty oils, slightly soluble in alcohol.

Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB)6.7

InChIKeyDOCCLKYMPJSXGB-VCDGYCQFSA-N

CAS DataBase Reference26266-57-9(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry SystemSorbitan, monohexadecanoate(26266-5)

A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides

with edible commercial palmitic acid

C.A.S. number 26266-57-9

CHARACTERISTICS

IDENTIFICATION

Solubility (Vol. 4) Soluble at temperatures above its melting point in ethanol, methanol, ether,

ethylacetate, aniline, toluene, dioxane, petroleum ether and carbon

tetrachloride; insoluble in cold water but dispersible in warm water.

Congealing range (Vol. 4)45 - 47o

Infrared absorption The infrared spectrum of the sample is characteristic of a partial fatty acid

ester of a polyol 

PURITY

Water (Vol. 4) Not more than 1.5% (Karl Fischer Method)

Acid value (Vol. 4) Not less than 4.0 and not more than 7.5

Saponification value (Vol. 4)

Not less than 140 and not more than 150

Hydroxyl value (Vol. 4) Not less than 270 and not more than 305

Lead (Vol. 4) Not more than 2 mg/kg

Determine using an atomic absorption technique appropriate to the

specified level. The selection of sample size and method of sample

preparation may be based on the principles of the method described in

Volume 4, "Instrumental Methods."

SORBITAN MONOESTERS OF PALMITIC, STEARIC, OLEIC AND LAURIC

ACIDS AND TRIESTERS OF STEARIC ACID

Sorbitan monoesters of palmitic and stearic acids and triesters

of stearic acid have been evaluated for acceptable daily intake by the

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives in 1974 (see Annex I,

Ref. 32) and a toxicological monograph was prepared (see Annex I, Ref.

33). Sorbitan monoesters of oleic and lauric acids have not previously

been evaluated by JECFA. The previous published monograph has been

expanded to include sorbitan esters of oleic and lauric acids.

The fatty acid moiety of sorbitan monostearate has a coefficient

of digestibility of 53.3% (Oser & Oser, 1957b).

Experiments with 14C-labelled sorbitan monostearate showed that

at least 90% of the emulsifier, when fed to rats in oily solution, was

hydrolysed to stearic acid and anhydrides of sorbitol. A significant

fraction of the administered 14C was expired as CO2. When the

labelled material was administered in water, 16-25% was recovered in

the urine; when it was given in oil, 44-66% was recovered. Of the

ingested radioactivity, 3-7% was recovered in the tissues 48 hours

after feeding. Fractionation of the carcass fats showed that 14C was

incorporated into fatty acids, glycerol and a residue that did not

sublime (Wick & Joseph, 1953).

Sorbitan trioleate prepared with a 14C-label in the sorbitol

or the oleate moieties was administered orally to rats. After

administration of sorbitan 14C-trioleate, the appearance of 14C-CO2

in the expired air reached a peak at about 6 hours and amounted to

30-35% of administered label. The faeces and gastrointestinal tract

contained about 42% of the 14C-label, indicating that it was

incompletely absorbed, and 3% appeared in the urine; the liver

contained about 3% and the carcass about 22%. After administration of

the 14C-sorbitan-labelled ester, less than 2% of the label was

recovered as 14C-CO2; the proportions not absorbed were 24% from a

water emulsion and 37% from a solution in oil; the proportions

recovered of that absorbed were as follows: urine, 88%; expired air,

5%; liver, 1%; carcass, 6% (Treon et al., 1967).

The physical properties and low toxicity of the partial esters of

sorbitan are such that formal acute toxicity tests are for the most

part impracticable.

Acute feeding tests on sorbitan monopalmitate have been conducted

in the rat. No toxic symptoms were observed in 10 male rats, weighing

100-175 g, using the ester as their sole ad libitum diet (except for

water) for 24 hours, during which they consumed an average of 1.5 g

per animal or approximately 10 g/kg bw (Krantz, 1947c).

For 10 rats, sorbitan monostearate was mixed with a diet at a

concentration of 50%. These animals weighed 175-250 g and, within 10

hours, had ingested about 3 g of the ester. They all appeared unharmed

after 3 days.

No toxic symptoms were observed in any of 10 female rats,

weighing 125-175 g, fed 10 ml/kg bw of sorbitan tristearate by stomach

tube, in the form of a 50% aqueous emulsion, and observed over a 6-day

period. Four of the 10 animals, all of which appeared normal, were

sacrificed and gave normal histological findings in the livers and

kidneys. In 10 female rats, weighing 125-175 g, intraperitoneal

injection of sorbitan tristearate in doses of 10 ml/kg (50% aqueous

emulsion form) produced 2 fatalities in 48 hours of observation; the

other animals appeared normal.

Sorbitan monopalmitate ("Span 40"), sorbitan monostearate ("Span

60") and sorbitan tristearate ("Span 65"), in the maximal orally

administerable doses (15.9 g/kg), produced no mortality in rats.

The LD50 of orally administered sorbitan (monooleate) and

sorbitan monolaurate in the rat was 39.8 and 37.5 g/kg, respectively

(Quigley, 1966). Diarrhoea occurred in all rats given either sorbitan

monooleate or laurate. Autopsy of the surviving animals 14 days after

treatment showed a high incidence of hydronephrosis.

Hamsters averaging 46 g in weight were segregated by sex into

groups varying in size from 14 to 22 and fed diets containing sorbitan

monolaurate at levels of 0, 5 and 15% for 68 days. Treated animals

developed mild diarrhoea and a depressed growth rate. The high-dose

group suffered 22% mortality compared to 8% in the control group.

Treatment-related effects were noted in the gastrointestinal tract,

including mucosal and intramural hyperaemia and oedema, with mild

infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the kidney of treated animals,

the cortical tubular epithelium exhibited fraying at the free edges of

cells, eosinophilic granularity and nuclear pyknosis. The kidney

alterations were regarded as reversible. Incomplete maturation in

testes and ovaries was more frequent in treated animals (Harris,

1951b).

Groups of 10 young rats were fed for 6 weeks diets containing 1%

or 4% of sorbitan monostearate. There was no effect on weight gain,

nor were there any significant changes histopathologically in the

liver, kidneys, intestine and bladder (Krantz, 1946).

Sodium monostearate was added to diets designed to induce hepatic

necrosis in rats. Levels up to 10% tended to prolong the survival time

and had no significant effect upon the hepatic changes over periods up

to 120 days (Gyorgy et al., 1958).

Rats in groups of 5 receiving sorbitan monostearate in their diet

for 6 weeks at levels of 5% or 15% showed no change in bile duct size

(Krantz, 1951).

Groups each of 30 Wistar rats (initial body weight 84-87 g)

equally divided by sex were fed sorbitan monolaurate at dietary levels

of 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10%. Haematological and urinary analyses were

carried out at weeks 2, 6 and 13 and serum clinical chemistry at weeks

6 and 13. At weeks 2 and 6, 5 male and 5 female animals from each

group were sacrificed, and at the end of the thirteenth week all

surviving animals were sacrificed. Animals fed 5% and 10% test diet

showed statistically significant dose-related decreases in haemoglobin

levels, packed cell volumes (2, 6, 13 weeks) and total leucocyte count

(13 weeks, males only). No treatment-related effects were observed in

clinical chemistry values or urinalyses. At autopsy, organ weights

were determined, and a biological examination made of the brain,

pituitary, thyroid, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands,

gonads, stomach, small intestine, caecum, lung, salivary gland, aortic

arch, thymus, various lymph glands, urinary bladder, colon, rectum,

pancreas, uterus and skeletal muscle. An increase in relative liver

weight occurred in the high-dose animals, and increased relative

kidney weight occurred in all test groups. These effects were first

observed in animals maintained on test diets for 2 weeks. No adverse

histological findings could be demonstrated in the kidney or other

tissues, except in the livers of animals in the high-dose groups where

there was an increased incidence of periportal vacuolation (Cater et

al., 1978).

Groups of 10 male and 10 female Osborne-Mendel rats, initial

weight 40-50 g, were fed diets containing 0, 15, 20 or 25% sorbitan

monolaurate for 23 weeks. Treated animals exhibited diarrhoea, an

unkempt appearance and severe growth retardation. At the 25% dose

level, only one animal of each sex survived the study. Upon gross

pathological examination, the livers of treated animals showed

paleness and enlargement, with a marked enlargement of the common bile

duct. Histological studies of the tissues showed marked liver damage

at all dose levels which consisted of fatty changes and fibrosis.

There was no bile duct proliferation but there was great common bile

duct enlargement. Focal nephritis was observed in the kidney and there

was a marked increase in the incidence of foamy alveolar macrophages

in the lungs of treated animals. No other tissues exhibited treatment-

related effects (Fitzhugh et al., 1960).

Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed into groups of

14 and fed sorbitan monolaurate for 59 days at dietary levels of 0 and

25%. Treatment-related symptoms included reduced rate of growth,

reduced food consumption, diarrhoea, nasal haemorrhage and gangrenous

tails. Only 1 rat survived the treatment regimen, presenting a stunted

appearance resembling starvation (Harris et al., 1951a). In another

study, 14 male and 16 female rats were fed sorbitan monolaurate in

doses increasing to 25% by day 10 of the study, and continuing at that

level for 60 additional days. The toxic effects were similar to those

reported in the previous study. Results from pair-fed controls

indicate that the reduction in growth was not caused primarily by

reduced food consumption. Haematology at termination of the study

showed a treatment-related decrease in haemoglobin value. At autopsy,

increased relative organ-to-body weight was observed for brain,

kidney, heart, spleen, lung and liver. Histological studies of tissues

showed mild degenerative lesions in the kidney, necrosis of the liver,

and incomplete maturation of testes. No other effects were reported

(Harris et al., 1951a).

Groups of 6 female Holtzman rats, 21-24 days old, were fed diets

containing 0, 15 and 20% of sorbitan monolaurate for 21 days. All

animals on test diets suffered diarrhoea, alopecia, unthrifty

appearance, reduced rate of growth and increased mortality. No

pathological evaluation was made.

White male rats of unspecified strain, initial weight 60 g, were

distributed into groups of 4 or 5 and fed diets containing 0, 1 and 4%

sorbitan monolaurate for 6 weeks. A significant reduction in growth

rate occurred in the high-dose group. No significant histopathological

changes were reported in liver, intestine or bladder, but coagulated

fluid was present in the renal tubules.

Wistar rats, initial weight 89-94 g, were distributed into groups

of 15 males and 15 females and fed sorbitan monooleate at dietary

levels of 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10% for 16 weeks. Animals on test diets

showed a decreased weight gain that was related to a reduction in food

intake. At weeks 2, 6 and 16, haematology, serum clinical chemistry

and urinalysis were carried out. Haematology studies showed lower

values for haemoglobin and packed cell volume in female rats fed 10%

sorbitan monooleate, with a significantly lower mean erythrocyte

count. Variations in clinical chemistry values did not appear to be

compound related. No compound-related effects were observed in the

urinalysis.

Autopsy of the test animals at the termination of the study

showed kidney enlargement in females in the 5% and 10% test groups.

Histological studies showed renal damage in these groups, as well as

periportal fatty changes in the liver of female rats in the 10% group.

No other compound-related histopathology was reported.

Groups of 10 male white rats of unspecified strain, initial

weight 100 g, were fed sorbitan monooleate at dietary levels of 0 and

10% for 6 weeks. Reductions in food consumption and in rate of growth,

and mild diarrhoea occurred in treated animals. Histological sections

from liver and kidney showed no differences between control and

treated animals. Haematological and serum clinical chemistry were

carried out at weeks 3 and 6 of the study. There were no significant

differences between test and control animals. At autopsy (3 weeks and

6 weeks), gross pathological and histological studies of selected

organs (liver and kidney) from 3 rats showed no compound-related

effects.

Dogs were fed sorbitan monostearate in a semi-synthetic diet at a

level of 5% for 19-20 months. There was no appreciable difference in

food intake, weight, maintenance and longevity between controls and

those fed sorbitan monostearate. The microscopic examination of the

tissues showed no changes attributable to the feeding of sorbitan

monostearate, with the exception of some haemosiderosis of the liver.

Thirty rats were fed on a diet containing 5% sorbitan

monostearate for up to 2 years. Growth rate and survival were similar

to those of the controls. There were no histological abnormalities

post mortem that could be attributed to the diet.

Experiments were conducted over a period of 2 years on 4

generations of rats (30 rats in each group). At levels of 5% and 10%

in the diet, no effects were observed on growth, food efficiency,

reproduction, lactation, metabolism, behaviour, mortality, or the

growth and histopathological appearance of the tissues. At a level of

20%, retardation of growth and impairment in lactation were noted, but

mortality was not increased. The weight of the liver and kidneys was

increased, but both appeared to be histologically normal.

Sorbitan monostearate was fed to groups of 24 rats at levels of

2, 5, 10 and 25% in the diet for 2 years. Levels of 2% and 5% did not

produce evidence of toxicity. The substance caused a significant

increase in mortality at the 10% and 25% levels, with growth

depression and enlargement of the liver and kidneys.

A life-span (2-year) chronic feeding study was conducted on 30

male rats, using 5% sorbitan tristearate in their diet. From this

experiment it was concluded that there was no alteration in the growth

pattern or survival of the test rats as compared to the controls, nor

were there any abnormalities that could be attributed to the

experimental diet.

A life-span (2-year) study was conducted with 30 white male rats

(strain unspecified, initial weights 54-63 g) that were given 5%

sorbitan monolaurate in their daily diet. No effect on growth or

mortality of the test rats, as compared with controls, could be

attributed to the test compound. Blood chemistry, haematology,

histopathological examinations and gross pathological examinations

of liver, kidney, spleen, brain, adrenals, urinary bladder,

gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, thyroid, heart, lung, testicle,

salivary gland, prostate, parathyroid, pituitary, striated muscle and

bone marrow were carried out both during the study, following interim

sacrifice at 6, 12 and 17 months, and at termination of the study. No

treatment-related changes were reported.

Groups of 10 male and 10 female weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were

fed diets containing 0, 5 and 10% sorbitan monolaurate for 2 years.

Animals consuming a 10% sorbitan monolaurate diet suffered diarrhoea

and a statistically significant reduction in growth, but animals fed

the 5% diet showed no adverse treatment-related effect. Because food

consumption data were inadequate, it could not be ascertained whether

the reduced growth was caused by reduced food consumption or by a

direct toxic effect. Liver, kidney, heart, aorta, spleen, pancreas and

body fat exhibited no treatment-related abnormalities when examined

grossly and histologically.

A group of 30 white male rats (strain unspecified, initial weight

54-63 g) were maintained on a diet containing 5% sorbitan monooleate

for a period of 2 years. There was a minor retardation of growth, and

no effect on mortality. Haematology and serum clinical chemistry tests

were carried out at months 6, 12 and 17 of the study. No compound-

related effects were reported. At months 6, 12 and 17, 1 control

and 1 test animal were sacrificed for histopathological examination of

liver, kidney and bone marrow, and at week 104, all surviving animals

were sacrificed. At autopsy, gross pathological and histopathological

examination of brain, spleen, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid,

prostate, pituitary gland, salivary gland, adrenal, bladder, bone

marrow, heart, lymph node, lung, testicle and muscle did not show any

compound-related effects.

Sorbitan monostearate given to 9 human subjects in doses of 

6 g/day for 28 days had no significant effect on the gastric activity 

or on the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.