Application

Le sulfate de diméthyle est un réactif de méthylation puissant pour la méthylation des acides carboxyliques, des alcools, des phénols, des lactames, des oximes, des hydroxylamines et des hydroperoxydes. Il peut être utilisé comme réactif pour la préparation d`amines, d`amides et de sels d`ammonium quaternaire substitués par N-méthylalkyle et aryle. Le sulfate de diméthyle est également utilisé dans la méthylation de composés contenant du soufre pour synthétiser des sulfures et des ions sulfonium.

Il peut également être utilisé comme réactif:

• Pour la préparation de monomère acrylique d`ammonium quaternaire en tant qu`agent antibactérien puissant par quaternisation de méthacrylate de 2-diméthylaminoéthyle.

• Avec le diméthylsulfoxyde pour la synthèse d`époxydes à partir d`aldéhydes et de cétones via la formation de cation triméthylsulfonium.

• Préparer un additif oxygénant pour le diesel par méthylation du glycérol.

Le DMS est un agent de méthylation puissant qui réagit avec l`hydrogène actif et les sels de métaux alcalins pour former des composés substitués d`oxygène, d`azote et de soufre.

Le diméthylsulfate est un liquide huileux inodore, corrosif avec une odeur d`oignon qui émet des fumées toxiques lors du chauffage. Le sulfate de diméthyle est utilisé dans l`industrie comme agent de méthylation dans la fabrication de nombreux produits chimiques organiques. L`exposition par inhalation à ses vapeurs est très irritante pour les yeux et les poumons et peut causer des lésions au foie, aux reins, au cœur et au système nerveux central, tandis que le contact cutané provoque de graves cloques.

Applications du sulfate de diméthyle

Le DMS est utilisé pour créer des surfactants, des assouplissants textiles, des produits chimiques de traitement de l`eau, des produits chimiques agricoles, des médicaments et des colorants. En tant qu`agent de méthylation, le DMS peut introduire un groupe méthyle dans l`oxygène, l`azote, le carbone, le soufre, le phosphore et certains métaux.

Alors que le DMS est le plus souvent utilisé comme agent de méthylation, il peut parfois être utilisé dans d`autres contextes, y compris dans la sulfonation, comme catalyseur, comme solvant et comme stabilisant.

Le sulfate de diméthyle est un liquide huileux incolore, inodore à une légère odeur d`oignon. Il est très toxique par inhalation. C`est un liquide combustible et a un point d`éclair de 182 ° F. Il est légèrement soluble dans l`eau et décomposé par l`eau pour donner de l`acide sulfurique avec dégagement de chaleur. Il est corrosif pour les métaux et les tissus. C`est un puissant agent de méthylation.

Le sulfate de diméthyle est l`ester diméthylique de l`acide sulfurique. Il a un rôle d`agent alkylant et d`agent immunosuppresseur.

 

 Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester

Formula: C2H6O4S

Molecular weight: 126.132

CAS Registry Number: 77-78-1

Chemical structure: C2H6O4S

Other names: Dimethyl sulfate; DMS; Methyl Sulfate; Sulphuric acid dimethyl ester; Dimethyl sulphate; Dimethyl monosulfate; Dimethylester kyseliny sirove; Dimethylsulfaat; Dimethylsulfat; Dimetilsolfato; Dwumetylowy siarczan; DMS (Methyl sulfate); Methyl sulfate, Me2SO4; Methyle (sulfate de); Sulfate de dimethyle; Sulfate dimethylique; Rcra waste number U103; UN 1595; Dimethoxysulfone; NSC 56194

About Dimethyl Sulfate

CAS 77-78-1; Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is a strong methylating agent with superior reaction rates and higher yields than competitive products. It is a versatile chemical used to produce household and commercial chemicals in a variety of processes.

Application

Dimethyl sulfate is a powerful methylating reagent for the methylation of carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, lactams, oximes, hydroxylamines, and hydroperoxides.It can be used as a reagent for the preparation of N-methyl alkyl- and aryl-substituted amines, amides, and quaternary ammonium salts. Dimethyl sulfate is also used in the methylation of sulfur-containing compounds to synthesize sulfides and sulfonium ions.

It can also be used as a reagent:       

•  For the preparation of quaternary ammonium acrylic monomer as a potent antibacterial agent by the quaternization of 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate.     

•  Along with dimethyl sulfoxide for the synthesis of epoxides from aldehydes and ketones via formation of trimethylsulfonium cation.      

• To prepare an oxygenate additive for diesel by the methylation of glycerol.

DMS is a strong methylating agent that reacts with active hydrogen and alkali metal salts to form substituted oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur compounds.

Dimethyl Sulfate is an odorless, corrosive, oily liquid with an onion-like odor that emits toxic fumes upon heating. Dimethyl sulfate is used in industry as a methylating agent in the manufacture of many organic chemicals. Inhalation exposure to its vapors is highly irritating to the eyes and lungs and may cause damage to the liver, kidney, heart and central nervous system, while dermal contact causes severe blistering.

Applications for Dimethyl Sulfate

DMS is used to create surfactants, fabric softeners, water treatment chemicals, agricultural chemicals, drugs, and dyes. As a methylating agent, DMS can introduce a methyl group to oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, phosphorous, and some metals.

While DMS is most often used as a methylating agent, it can sometimes be utilized in other contexts including in sulfonation, as a catalyst, as a solvent, and as a stabilizer.

Dimethyl sulfate is a colorless oily liquid, odorless to a faint onion-like odor. It is very toxic by inhalation. It is a combustible liquid and has a flash point of 182°F. It is slightly soluble in water and decomposed by water to give sulfuric acid with evolution of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue. It is a potent methylating agent.

Dimethyl sulfate is the dimethyl ester of sulfuric acid. It has a role as an alkylating agent and an immunosuppressive agent.

Formula

(CH3)2 SO4

Physical Properties

Colorless, oily liquid

bp 189 °C, mp -32 °C

Soluble in water (2.8 g/100 mL at 20 °C); reacts slowly with water to form sulfuric acid and methanol

Odor

Almost odorless

Vapor Density

4.3 (air = 1.0)

Vapor Pressure

0.5 mmHg at 20 °C

Flash Point

83 °C

Autoignition Temperature

495 °C

Toxicity Data

LD50 oral (rat) 205 mg/kg

LC50 inhal (rat) 9 ppm (45 mg/m3;4 h)

PEL (OSHA) 1 ppm (5 mg/m3)--skin

TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 0.1 ppm (0.52 mg/m3)--skin

Major Hazards

Liquid and vapor can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; corrosive and moderately toxic by ingestion; probable human carcinogen (OSHA "select carcinogen").

Toxicity

Dimethyl sulfate is extremely hazardous because of its lack of warning properties and delayed toxic effects. The vapor of this compound is extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and contact with the liquid can cause very severe burns to the eyes and skin. Ingestion of dimethyl sulfate causes burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. The effects of overexposure to dimethyl sulfate vapor may be delayed. After a latent period of 10 hours or more, headache and severe pain to the eyes upon exposure to light may occur, followed by cough, tightness of the chest, shortness of breath, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, vomiting, diarrhea, and painful urination. Fatal pulmonary edema may develop. Systemic effects of dimethyl sulfate include damage to the liver and kidneys.

Dimethyl sulfate is listed by IARC in Group 2A ("probable human carcinogen") and is classified as a "select carcinogen" under the criteria of the OSHA Laboratory Standard. Data indicate that dimethyl sulfate does not specifically harm unborn animals; dimethyl sulfate is not a developmental toxin. It is a strong alkylating agent and does produce genetic damage in animals and in bacterial and mammalian cell cultures.

Flammability and Explosibility

Dimethyl sulfate is a combustible liquid (NFPA rating = 2). Toxic dimethyl sulfate vapors are produced in a fire. Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight dimethyl sulfate fires.

Reactivity and Incompatibility

Dimethyl sulfate can react violently with ammonium hydroxide, sodium azide, and strong oxidizers.

DIMETHYL SULFATE

77-78-1

Dimethyl sulphate

Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester

dimethylsulfate

Dimethyl monosulfate

Dimethylsulfat

Sulfate dimethylique

Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester

Dimethylsulfaat

Dimetilsolfato

DMS (methyl sulfate)

Dwumetylowy siarczan

Sulfato de dimetilo

Dimethoxysulfone

Methyle (sulfate de)

DimethylSulphate

RCRA waste number U103

Sulfate de dimethyle

Dimethylester kyseliny sirove

Dimethylsulfat [Czech]

Methyl sulfate (VAN)

Dimethylsulfaat [Dutch]

Dimetilsolfato [Italian]

UNII-JW5CW40Z50

NSC 56194

CCRIS 265

Dwumetylowy siarczan [Polish]

Sulfate dimethylique [French]

Sulfate de dimethyle [French]

Sulfato de dimetilo [Spanish]

HSDB 932

Methyle (sulfate de) [French]

EINECS 201-058-1

Methyl sulfate, Me2SO4

UN1595

Dimethylester kyseliny sirove [Czech]

CAS-77-78-1

Dimethyl sulfate, 99+%, AcroSeal(R)

Me2SO4

dimethlysulfate

dimethysulfate

dimetylsulphate

dimethyl-sulfate

dirnethyl sulfate

Sulfate de methyle

dimethylsulfuric acid

dimethyl sulfuric acid

ACMC-20p1dz

DI-METHYL SULFATE

Dimethyl sulfate, 99+%

EC 201-058-1

SCHEMBL1249

WLN: 1OSWO1

Dimethyl sulfate, >=99%

Sulphuric acid dimethyl ester

CHEMBL162150

Dimethyl sulfate, >=99.8%

DTXSID5024055

(CH3)2SO4

Dimethyl sulfate [UN1595] [Poison]

LS-1714

MCULE-2861298645

UN 1595

Dimethyl sulfate [UN1595] [Poison]

Dimethyl sulfate, purum, >=95.0% (GC)

Dimethyl sulfate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%

Q413421

Dimethyl sulfate, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC)

Dimethyl sulfate, for GC derivatization, >=99.0% (GC)