1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a potent, non-ionic guanidine superbase distinguished by its exceptionally high proton affinity and strong electron-donating nitrogen framework.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's fully substituted guanidine structure, bearing four symmetrically arranged methyl groups, results in very high basicity while maintaining minimal nucleophilicity, enabling fast and selective deprotonation of weakly acidic substrates.

These properties make 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine highly valuable in organic synthesis, polymerization processes, ionic liquid formation, and the manufacture of pharmaceutical and specialty chemical intermediates.

CAS Number: 80-70-6

EC Number: 201-302-7

Chemical Formula: C5H13N3

Molecular Weight: 115.18

Synonyms: Tetramethylguanidine, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylguanidine, Guanidine, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-, Guanidine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-, (Me₂N)₂C=NH, CAS No. 80-70-6, EINECS / EC No. 201-302-7, UNII VEZ101E7ZU, NSC-148309, CCRIS 6689, MFCD00008323, AI3-51030, RefChem 70941, DTXSID2058835, DTXCID7048168, SCHEMBL35686, SCHEMBL5579990, SCHEMBL5632126, STR04857, AKOS005169836, STL146626, BBL027708, EN300-31847, T0148, CS-0015318, Q4545643, F011899, F0001-2088, InChI=1/C5H13N3/c1-7(2)5(6)8(3)4/h6H,1-4H, PC-CAT TMG, Lonza quality ≥99.0% (GC).

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a strong, non-nucleophilic organic base belonging to the guanidine derivatives, with the molecular formula C5H13N3 and a molar mass of about 115.18 g/mol.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp amine-like odor, highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine exhibits very high basicity (conjugate acid pKa ≈ 13–14), making it effective for deprotonation reactions without participating as a nucleophile.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine readily reacts with acids to form stable salts and can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide from the air.

Because of these properties, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely used as a catalyst, proton scavenger, and base in organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and pharmaceutical and fine-chemical applications.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine was originally prepared from tetramethylthiourea via S-methylation and amination, but alternative methods start from cyanogen iodide.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a highly versatile compound recognized for its unique properties as a strong organic base and a nucleophilic catalyst.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely utilized in various applications, including organic synthesis, polymer production, and as a catalyst in chemical reactions.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's ability to facilitate reactions involving electrophiles makes it particularly valuable in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Researchers appreciate 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's effectiveness in promoting reactions that require a strong base, such as deprotonation and nucleophilic substitution, enhancing reaction rates and yields.

In addition to its role in organic synthesis, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is also employed in the production of specialty polymers and resins, where it acts as a curing agent.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's stability and solubility in various solvents make it an ideal choice for formulations in both laboratory and industrial settings.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's low toxicity and ease of handling further contribute to its appeal, making it a preferred option for researchers and industry professionals seeking reliable and efficient chemical solutions.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is employed as a polyurethane foam catalyst, as an accelerator for the syntheses of polysulfured rubber.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is also used as a strong base in the photochemical (couplers) and in the pharmaceutical (steroids) industries.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is essential for the preparation of alkyl nitriles from alkyl halides and 3'-alkylthymidines from 3'-nitrothymidines.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine serves as an efficient and selective catalyst for the benzoylation of alcohols.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine replaces the expensive bases 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) in organic synthesis.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely utilized as a strong organic base in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine serves as a catalyst and reagent in various chemical reactions, played crucial roles in the synthesis of APIs, and shows excellent solubility in organic solvents.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a potent, non-ionic, sterically unhindered guanidine superbase distinguished by its exceptionally high proton affinity, strong electron-donating nitrogen framework, and versatility across organic synthesis, catalysis, and polymer chemistry.

As a fully substituted guanidine derivative, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine contains four methyl groups symmetrically arranged around the guanidine core, giving rise to the structural motif HN=C(NMe₂)NMe₂, in which both dialkylamino substituents significantly enhance electron density through resonance and inductive effects.

This unique electronic configuration yields an extraordinarily high basicity (aqueous pKa ~13.6, conjugate acid pKaH⁺ ~24–25 in MeCN), placing 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine among the strongest non-nucleophilic organic superbases available to synthetic chemists.

Physically, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a colorless to pale yellow, low-viscosity, hygroscopic liquid with a sharp, amine-like odor and outstanding miscibility with a wide range of organic solvents, including alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, nitriles, chlorinated solvents, and polar aprotic media such as DMSO, DMF, and NMP.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's high solubility profile allows uniform dispersion in homogeneous catalytic systems and facilitates its use across both batch and continuous-flow processing environments.

The low steric hindrance around the reactive nitrogen centers enables fast deprotonation kinetics, allowing efficient activation of weakly acidic substrates such as alcohols, phenols, amides, thiols, β-dicarbonyl compounds, sulfonamides, and malonates.

Despite its strong basic strength, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine maintains minimal nucleophilicity under most synthetic conditions, which is crucial for avoiding unwanted side reactions and enables cleaner reaction profiles compared with alkoxide or hydroxide alternatives.

In organic synthesis, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely employed as a catalyst or stoichiometric base in transesterifications, esterifications, alkylations, eliminations, condensations, polymerizations, Michael additions, nitrosations, rearrangements, and peptide coupling.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's ability to generate enolate and related nucleophilic species under mild conditions makes it a preferred base in fine chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis where high selectivity and minimal by-product formation are essential.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine also plays an integral role in ionic liquid preparation, the synthesis of guanidinium salts, and the construction of heterocycles through base-mediated cyclization pathways.

Industrially, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a key catalyst in polyurethane foam production, where its rapid deprotonation and minimal catalytic interference provide controlled polymer growth, cell structure, and curing behavior.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is also used in epoxy resin curing, acrylate polymer chemistry, and oligomer synthesis, functioning as a powerful base that enhances reaction rates without introducing excessive nucleophilicity that could compromise polymer integrity.

In specialty chemical manufacturing, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine facilitates the formation of advanced monomers, reactive oligomers, and functionalized intermediates used in high-performance materials, adhesives, sealants, and coatings.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a highly basic organic compound derived from guanidine, characterized by the substitution of four hydrogen atoms with methyl groups on the nitrogen atoms, which significantly enhances its electron-donating ability and basic strength.

With the molecular formula C5H13N3, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine exists as a low-viscosity, colorless to slightly yellow liquid and has a strong, penetrating amine-like odor.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is strongly hygroscopic and readily absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, a behavior typical of powerful organic bases, which necessitates storage under inert or tightly sealed conditions.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is completely miscible with water and exhibits excellent solubility in most polar organic solvents, enabling its use in a wide range of homogeneous reaction systems.

Chemically, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is classified as a strong, non-nucleophilic base with a conjugate acid pKa in the range of 13–14, allowing it to efficiently abstract protons without attacking electrophilic centers, a property that is especially valuable in base-catalyzed reactions where selectivity is critical.

Due to its thermal stability and high basicity, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is extensively employed as a catalyst, acid scavenger, and reaction promoter in organic synthesis, polymerization processes, ionic liquid formation, and pharmaceutical intermediate production.

However, its corrosive and strongly alkaline nature requires careful handling, as 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine can cause severe irritation or chemical burns upon contact with skin, eyes, or mucous membranes.

Uses of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely used as a strong, non-nucleophilic base in organic synthesis, where it serves as an efficient proton scavenger in deprotonation, condensation, and elimination reactions without participating in unwanted side reactions.

In polymer and materials chemistry, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is commonly employed as a catalyst or accelerator in polyurethane synthesis, epoxy curing systems, and ring-opening polymerizations due to its high basicity and thermal stability.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is also used in the preparation of ionic liquids, where it acts as a base or precursor for guanidinium salts with applications in green chemistry and electrochemistry.

In pharmaceutical and fine-chemical manufacturing, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine functions as a reaction promoter and pH regulator during the synthesis of active ingredients and intermediates.

Additionally, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine finds use in specialty chemical formulations, such as coatings, adhesives, and resins, where strong organic bases are required to control reaction rates and product properties.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is essential for the preparation of alkyl nitriles from alkyl halides and 3'-alkylthymidines from 3'-nitrothymidines.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine serves as an efficient and selective catalyst for the benzoylation of alcohols.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine replaces the expensive bases 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) in organic synthesis.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is widely used across the fine chemicals, pharmaceutical, polymer, and specialty materials industries due to its extremely high basicity, low nucleophilicity, and broad solvent compatibility.

In organic synthesis, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine serves as a powerful deprotonating agent for activating weakly acidic substrates such as alcohols, phenols, thiols, β-dicarbonyl compounds, malonates, sulfonamides, heterocycles, and carboxylic acid derivatives, enabling clean and highly selective transformations.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is frequently employed in esterifications, transesterifications, alkylations, Michael additions, condensation reactions, cyclizations, eliminations, and peptide coupling, where a strong base is required without introducing competing nucleophilic behavior that could lead to side reactions.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine’s fast deprotonation kinetics make it a preferred base for generating enolates and nucleophilic intermediates under mild conditions, especially in pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate synthesis.

In the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is used in the preparation of APIs, heterocycles, nucleoside analogues, and peptide fragments, as well as in multicomponent reactions and protecting-group manipulations that depend on strong organic superbases.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's compatibility with polar aprotic solvents and flow chemistry systems has expanded its use in automated and continuous API manufacturing, where reaction control and reproducibility are essential.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine also plays a major role as a catalyst in polymer chemistry, particularly in the production of polyurethanes, epoxy resins, acrylic polymers, and specialty oligomers.

In polyurethane foam manufacture, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine acts as a tertiary amine catalyst that accelerates isocyanate–hydroxyl reactions and influences foam rise, cure profile, and cell morphology.

In epoxy curing, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine promotes rapid crosslinking and improves mechanical performance without introducing volatile amine odors typical of smaller aliphatic amines.

In fine chemical manufacturing, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is utilized in the synthesis of surfactants, ionic liquids, organometallic ligands, guanidinium salts, and functional monomers.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's strong basicity facilitates the formation of reactive intermediates and enables high-efficiency reactions in coatings, adhesives, sealants, electronic materials, and specialty polymers.

Additionally, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is valued in analytical chemistry for derivatization reactions, in environmental chemistry for catalyst development, and in industrial processing where controlled strong-base catalysis is required under anhydrous conditions.

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's combination of high basic strength, fast catalytic activity, low nucleophilicity, and excellent solubility ensures that 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine remains indispensable across multiple fields requiring strong, selective, and clean base-mediated reactions.

Organic Synthesis:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is frequently employed as a strong, non-nucleophilic base for deprotonation, condensation, and elimination reactions, providing selective proton abstraction without nucleophilic interference.

Polymer and Materials Chemistry:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine serves as a catalyst and accelerator in the production of polyurethanes, epoxy resins, and in ring-opening polymerizations, enhancing reaction rates and improving process control.

Pharmaceutical and Fine Chemicals:

In drug and fine-chemical synthesis, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is used to adjust pH and promote reactions during the preparation of various active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates.

Ionic Liquids and Green Chemistry:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a precursor for guanidinium-based ionic liquids, which are utilized in eco-friendly chemical processes and advanced electrochemical applications.

Specialty Coatings and Adhesives:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is integrated into coatings, adhesives, and resin formulations where strong bases are needed to regulate curing and optimize final product properties.

Features of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Strong Basicity:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a very strong organic base with a high conjugate acid pKa (≈13–14), making it highly effective for proton abstraction.

Non-nucleophilic Nature:

Despite its high basic strength, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine shows low nucleophilicity, allowing selective base-catalyzed reactions without unwanted side reactions.

High Solubility:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is completely miscible with water and highly soluble in polar organic solvents, enabling easy use in homogeneous reaction systems.

Liquid at Room Temperature:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is a low-viscosity liquid under ambient conditions, which simplifies handling, dosing, and mixing in industrial and laboratory processes.

Thermal and Chemical Stability:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is stable over a wide temperature range and maintains its basic properties under typical reaction conditions.

Hygroscopic and CO₂-Absorbing:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from air, reflecting its strong basic character and necessitating airtight storage.

Versatile Catalytic Performance:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's strong and controllable basicity makes it suitable as a catalyst or accelerator across organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and specialty chemical applications.

Production of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is generally produced through the controlled N-methylation of guanidine or partially substituted guanidine derivatives using suitable methylating agents such as dimethyl sulfate or methyl halides.

The reaction is carried out under carefully regulated alkaline conditions and moderate temperatures to ensure selective substitution at the nitrogen atoms while minimizing side reactions.

Polar solvents are often employed to enhance reaction efficiency and product homogeneity.

After completion of methylation, the reaction mixture is neutralized and the crude product is purified, most commonly by vacuum distillation, to remove unreacted materials and by-products.

Industrial production places strong emphasis on process safety and product purity due to the corrosive nature of both the reagents and the final compound, and quality control is typically achieved through spectroscopic analysis and basicity testing to ensure consistency for downstream applications.

History of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine emerged from early 20th-century research on guanidine derivatives, which attracted significant interest because of their unusually high basicity compared to inorganic bases.

As organic chemistry advanced, especially in the mid-20th century, chemists began systematically modifying the guanidine structure through N-alkylation to tune basic strength and reactivity.

The introduction of methyl groups at the nitrogen atoms led to compounds such as 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine, which demonstrated exceptional basicity combined with low nucleophilicity.

These properties made 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine increasingly valuable in laboratory synthesis and later in industrial chemistry.

From the 1960s onward, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's use expanded with the growth of polymer science, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and fine-chemical production, where strong but selective organic bases were required.

Today, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is regarded as a well-established specialty base, with its historical development closely linked to the broader evolution of modern organic synthesis and catalytic process design.

Stability and Reactivity of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Chemical stability:

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine is chemically stable under normal conditions of use, handling, and storage when kept dry and protected from air.

Reactivity:

Strong organic base; reacts readily with acids to form stable guanidinium salts.

Conditions to avoid:

Moisture, exposure to air and carbon dioxide, excessive heat.

Incompatible materials:

Acids, strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, and reactive electrophiles.

Hazardous decomposition products:

Thermal decomposition may produce nitrogen oxides and other nitrogen-containing vapors.

Handling and Storage of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Handling:

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practices.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing due to 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine's corrosive nature.

Use in well-ventilated areas.

Storage:

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place.

Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Storage conditions:

Protect from moisture, air, and carbon dioxide; inert gas blanketing recommended for long-term storage.

Packaging materials:

Corrosion-resistant, airtight containers recommended.

Shelf life:

Stable for long periods when stored properly in sealed containers.

First Aid Measures of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Inhalation:

Remove person to fresh air.

If symptoms such as irritation or breathing difficulty persist, seek medical attention.

Skin contact:

Immediately wash with plenty of water and soap.

Remove contaminated clothing.

Seek medical attention if irritation occurs.

Eye contact:

Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.

Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

Obtain immediate medical attention.

Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.

Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.

Most important symptoms:

Corrosive effects, irritation or burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.

Firefighting Measures of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Suitable extinguishing media:

Water spray, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or alcohol-resistant foam.

Specific hazards:

Not highly flammable, but may burn and release toxic nitrogen oxides under fire conditions.

Protective equipment for firefighters:

Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

Special precautions:

Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent rupture.

Accidental Release Measures of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Personal precautions:

Evacuate area if necessary.

Avoid skin and eye contact.

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

Environmental precautions:

Prevent entry into drains, surface water, or soil.

Methods for cleanup:

Absorb with inert material such as sand or vermiculite and place in suitable containers for disposal.

Neutralize cautiously if appropriate.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Occupational exposure limits:

Not established.

Engineering controls:

Local exhaust or general ventilation recommended.

Respiratory protection:

Use appropriate respirator if ventilation is insufficient.

Hand protection:

Chemical-resistant gloves recommended.

Eye protection:

Safety goggles or face shield required.

Skin protection:

Protective clothing recommended.

Hygiene measures:

Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas.

Identifiers of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Molecular formula: C5H13N3

Molar mass: 115.18 g/mol

CAS Registry Number: 80-70-6

EC (EINECS) Number: 201-304-8

Chemical class: Guanidine derivative; strong organic base

Structure type: Fully N-methylated guanidine

CAS Number: 80-70-6

Purity: ≥ 99% (GC)

Molecular Formula: C5H13N3

Molecular Weight: 115.18

MDL Number: MFCD00008323

PubChem ID: 66460

Density: 0.92 g/mL (Lit.)

Appearance: Clear, colorless to light yellow liquid

Conditions: Store at 0 - 8 °C

CAS: 80-70-6

IUPAC Name: N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine

Molecular Formula: C5H13N3

InChI Key: KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C

Molecular Weight (g/mol): 115.18

Synonym: 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine

Product Number: T0148

Purity / Analysis Method: >99.0%(GC)(T)

Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C5H13N3 = 115.18 

Physical State (20 deg.C): Liquid

Storage Temperature: Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)

Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas

Condition to Avoid: Air Sensitive,Hygroscopic

CAS RN: 80-70-6

Reaxys Registry Number: 969608

PubChem Substance ID: 87576150

SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 10085

MDL Number: MFCD00008323

Properties of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Physical state: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong amine-like odor

Molecular formula: C5H13N3

Molar mass: 115.18 g/mol

Density: ~0.90 g/cm3 at 20 °C

Boiling point: ~160–165 °C

Solubility: Completely miscible with water; highly soluble in polar organic solvents

Basicity: Very strong organic base; conjugate acid pKa ≈ 13–14

Nucleophilicity: Low; classified as non-nucleophilic base

Chemical stability: Stable under normal laboratory and industrial conditions

Chemical formula: C5H13N3

Molar mass: 115.180 g·mol−1

Appearance: Colourless liquid

Density: 918 mg mL−1

Melting point: −30 °C (−22 °F; 243 K)

Boiling point: 160 to 162 °C (320 to 324 °F; 433 to 435 K)

Solubility in water: Miscible

Vapor pressure: 30 Pa (at 20 °C)

Acidity (pKa): 13.0±1.0 (pKa of conjugate acid in water)

Refractive index (nD): 1.469

vapor pressure: 0.2 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Quality Level: 200

Assay: 99%

form: liquid

refractive index: n20/D 1.469 (lit.)

bp: 52-54 °C/11 mmHg (lit.)

density: 0.918 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

SMILES string: CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C

InChI: 1S/C5H13N3/c1-7(2)5(6)8(3)4/h6H,1-4H3

InChI key: KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 115.18 g/mol

XLogP3: 0.4

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

Rotatable Bond Count: 2

Exact Mass: 115.110947427 Da

Monoisotopic Mass: 115.110947427 Da

Topological Polar Surface Area: 30.3 Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 8

Complexity: 75.7

Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Infrared spectrum: Conforms

Appearance (Color): Clear colorless to yellow

Refractive index: 1.4665 to 1.4695 (20°C, 589 nm)

Appearance (Form): Liquid

GC: >=98.5 %

Chemical name: 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine

Synonym: N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylguanidine

CAS number: 80-70-6

Molecular formula: C5H13N3

Molecular weight: 115.18 g/mol

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid

Odor: Strong amine-like odor

Purity: ≥ 98–99% (typical commercial grade)

Water content: ≤ 0.5% (depending on grade and storage)

Density (20 °C): ~0.90 g/cm3

Boiling point: ~160–165 °C

Melting point: Below room temperature (liquid)

Solubility: Completely miscible with water; soluble in polar organic solvents

pKa (conjugate acid): ~13–14

Base type: Strong, non-nucleophilic organic base

Related compounds of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine:

Tetramethylurea

Noxytiolin

Metformin

Buformin

Allantoic acid

Carmustine