1,2-DIBROMOETHANE
1,2-Dibromoethane is a colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor, used historically as a pesticide and in leaded gasoline.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used in organic synthesis as a bromine source, for example, to make vinyl bromide, a precursor to some fire retardants.
1,2-Dibromoethane was once widely used as an additive in leaded gasoline and a pesticide, but its use is now largely restricted due to its toxicity and environmental persistence.
CAS Number: 106-93-4
EC Number: 203-444-5
Chemical Formula: CH2BrCH2Br
Molar Mass: 187.87 g/mol
Synonyms: 1,2-Dibromoethane, 106-93-4, ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE, Ethylene bromide, sym-Dibromoethane, Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-, alpha,beta-Dibromoethane, Bromuro di etile, 1,2-Dibromaethan, 1,2-Dibroomethaan, 1,2-Ethylene dibromide, Aadibroom, Bromofume, Sanhyuum, Soilbrom, Soilfume, Celmide, Edabrom, Kopfume, Unifume, Nefis, Dibromure D'ethylene, Fumo-gas, Glycol Dibromide, Iscobrome D, Dowfume EDB, Soilbrom-90ec, alpha,omega-Dibromoethane, Soilbrom-40, Soilbrom-85, Soilbrom-90, Dowfume 40, Dowfume W-8, Pestmaster edb-85, Soilbrom-100, Aethylenbromid, Dwubromoetan, Dowfume W-90, Dowfume W-100, E-D-Bee, Rcra waste number U067, 1,2-Dibromoetano, EDB-85, NCI-C00522, ENT 15,349, UN 1605, 1,2-dibromo-ethane, EDB, .alpha.,.beta.-Dibromoethane, CHEBI:28534, 1N41638RNO, 1,2,Dibromoethane, MFCD00000233, DBE, 1,2-Dibromomethane, Dowfume W-85, Caswell No. 439, Dwubromoetan [Polish], Aethylenbromid [German], Bromuro di etile [Italian], 1,2-Dibromaethan [German], 1,2-Dibroomethaan [Dutch], CAS-106-93-4, 1,2 Dibromoethane, 1,2-Dibromoetano [Italian], CCRIS 295, Dowfume W85, Dibromure d'ethylene [French], Ethylene dibromide [BSI:ISO], HSDB 536, Dibromure d'ethylene [ISO-French], EINECS 203-444-5, UN1605, RCRA waste no. U067, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 042002, BRN 0605266, ethylenebromide, UNII-1N41638RNO, ethylenedibromide, AI3-15349, 1,2dibromoethane, 1,2-dibromethane, Soilbrome-85, 1.2-dibromoethane, 1,2,-dibromethane, 1, 2-dibromoethane, 1,2 dibromo ethane, 1,2-dibromo ethane, BrCH2CH2Br, CH2BrCH2Br, 1,2,-dibromo ethane, Br(CH2)2Br, EC 203-444-5, SCHEMBL1698, 1,2-Dibromoethane, 98%, 4-01-00-00158 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), BIDD:ER0281, .alpha.,.omega.-Dibromoethane, CHEMBL452370, 1,2-Dibromoethane, >=99%, ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE [MI], DTXSID3020415, ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE [ISO], ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE [HSDB], ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE [IARC], AMY25519, BCP27504, ZINC8234381, Tox21_201427, Tox21_302879, STL163551, AKOS000118755, NCGC00091279-01, NCGC00091279-02, NCGC00091279-03, NCGC00256607-01, NCGC00258978-01, BP-13439, Ethylene dibromide [UN1605] [Poison], DB-002363, D0180, FT-0606341, FT-0694297, 1,2-Dibromoethane 100 microg/mL in Methanol, 1,2-Dibromoethane, purum, >=98.0% (GC), EN300-19277, 1,2-Dibromoethane 1000 microg/mL in Methanol, 1,2-Dibromoethane 5000 microg/mL in Methanol, Q161471, J-503807, 1,2-Dibromoethane, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, F0001-0129, DIBROMOETHANE, DOWFUME W-85(R), 1,2-Dibromethan, 1.2-Dibromethane, 1,2-Dibromaethan, 1,2-Dibromoetano, ETHYLENE BROMIDE, 1,2-dibromethane, GLYCOL DIBROMIDE, 1,2-DIBROMOETANE, 1,2-Dibromoethane, 1,2-Dibroomethaan, 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE, AKOS BBS-00004248, 1,2-dibromo-ethan, ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE, Ethylene dibromide, 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB), 1,2-dibromoethane,glycoldibromide, Androst-5-ene-3B,17B-diol-17a-ethinyl
1,2-Dibromoethane is a dense colorless liquid with a faint, sweet odor, detectable at 10 ppm, and is a widely used and sometimes-controversial fumigant.
The combustion of 1,2-dibromoethane produces hydrogen bromide gas that is significantly corrosive.
1,2-Dibromoethane is density 18.1 lb /gal.
1,2-Dibromoethane is slightly soluble in water.
1,2-Dibromoethane is soluble in most organic solvents and thinners.
1,2-Dibromoethane is noncombustible.
1,2-Dibromoethane is very toxic by inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as a solvent, scavenger for lead in gasoline, grain fumigant and in the manufacture of other chemicals.
1,2-Dibromoethane is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used in articles, in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
1,2-dibromoethane can effect the brain, damage skin, damage sperm in men, and cause death at very high exposures.
Breathing 1,2-dibromoethane can irritate the lungs causing coughing or shortness of breath.
Breathing higher levels of 1,2-dibromoethane can cause a build up of fluids in the lungs (pulmonary oedema).
High exposures can cause dizziness, drowsiness, headache, vomiting and unconsciousness.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies 1,2-dibromoethane as a 'probable human carcinogen'.
Worksafe Australia categorises 1,2-dibromoethane as a 'Probable human carcinogen'.
Other long-term effects of exposure to 1,2-dibromoethane are damage to the liver and kidneys and bronchitis.
1,2-dibromoethane is widely used as a bromine source in organic synthesis.
1,2-Dibromoethane is utilized as a fumigant for treatment of logs for termites and beetles, for control of moths in beehives.
1,2-Dibromoethane finds the application to make vinyl bromide, a precursor to some fire retardants.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as an intermediate in the preparation of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
1,2-Dibromoethane is also used as a lead scavenger in antiknock mixtures added to gasolines.
1,2-Dibromoethane, primarily a scavenger of lead compounds in gasoline, has also been used extensively as a fumigant for 1,2-Dibromoethane chemical and biocidal properties as a soil sterilant and a spot fumigant or control agent in grain milling machinery, grain, and in fruit and vegetable infestations.
In addition to 1,2-Dibromoethane tumor-causing capabilities in rats and mice; 1,2-Dibromoethane has been documented to cause changes in sperm morphology in bulls.
Spermatids appear to be the target for this compound and 1,2-Dibromoethane has been shown to affect spermatogenesis in rat, bulls and rams and to affect fertility in fowl.
Human studies indicate that 1,2-Dibromoethane may harm sperm and decrease fertility.
While 1,2-Dibromoethane is a reproductive toxin, 1,2-Dibromoethane does not appear to be teratogenic.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a manufactured chemical.
1,2-Dibromoethane also occurs naturally in small amounts in the ocean where 1,2-Dibromoethane is formed, probably by algae and kelp.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor.
Other names for 1,2-dibromoethane are ethylene dibromide, EDB, and glycol bromide.
Trade names include Bromofume and Dowfume.
1,2-Dibromoethane has been used as a pesticide in soil, and on citrus, vegetable, and grain crops.
Most of these uses have been stopped by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since 1984.
Another major use was as an additive in leaded gasoline.
However, since leaded gasoline is now banned, 1,2-Dibromoethane is no longer used for this purpose.
1,2-Dibromoethane is uses today include treatment of logs for termites and beetles, control of moths in beehives, and as a preparation for dyes and waxes.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a colorless liquid with a strong odor that was once used as a pesticide.
In addition to being used to kill insects and other pests, 1,2-Dibromoethane was also added to gasoline.
1,2-Dibromoethane is mostly manmade but may be found naturally in the ocean in very small amounts.
1,2-Dibromoethane vaporizes and easily and will mix easily with water.
Small amounts of 1,2-Dibromoethane can be found in soil near hazardous waste sites.
1,2-Dibromoethane can also be found on agricultural fields or in areas once used for farming.
While 1,2-Dibromoethane remains in groundwater and soil for a long time, 1,2-Dibromoethane breaks down quickly in the air.
Generally, environmental levels are very low.
In the 1970s and early 1980s, 1,2-Dibromoethane was used to kill insects and worms on fruits, vegetables and grain crops.
1,2-Dibromoethane was also used to protect grass on golf courses and as an additive in leaded gasoline.
Most of these uses stopped in 1984.
1,2-dibromoethane is a largely obsolete insecticide.
1,2-Dibromoethane is not approved for use in many countries.
1,2-Dibromoethane is highly soluble in water and volatile, classified as a POP.
1,2-Dibromoethane can be very persistent in soil systems depending on soil type and environmental conditions.
1,2-Dibromoethane also has the potential to leach to groundwater.
1,2-bromoethane tends to have a low to medium toxicity to most biodiversity although there are gaps in data.
1,2-Dibromoethane has a moderate level of oral toxicity to humans, is a probable carcinogen and may also affect human fertility/reproduction.
1,2-Dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide) is commonly used as an ‘entrainment reagent’ to chemically activate magnesium in Grignard reagents.
1,2-Dibromoethane reacts with magnesium to expose a clean, reactive surface capable of converting otherwise unreactive halides into Grignard reagents.
1,2-Dibromoethane has many advantages over other entrainment agents.
1,2-Dibromoethane reacts with magnesium to give MgBr2 and ethylene as byproducts and hence does not introduce a second Grignard reagent to the system.
1,2-Dibromoethane is also a useful reagent for activating zinc.
1,2-Dibromoethane can be used as a source of electrophilic bromine for bromination of carbanions and also acts as an alkylating agent with many enolates.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a precursor to numerous 1,2-disubstituted ethane derivatives, for example 1,2-ethanedithiol.
In addition, 1,2-Dibromoethane acts as a sacrificial reductant in the conversion of thiocarbonyl compounds to carbonyl compounds and as an excellent oxidizer in domino carbopalladation–cyclization processes.
1,2-Dibromoethane was used as a scavenger of lead antiknock agents in gasoline and as a soil fumigant for fumigation of grains and fruits until the early 1980s.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a useful intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
Applications of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-dibromoethane is widely used as a bromine source in organic synthesis.
1,2-Dibromoethane is utilized as a fumigant for treatment of logs for termites and beetles, for control of moths in beehives.
1,2-Dibromoethane finds the application to make vinyl bromide, a precursor to some fire retardants.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as an intermediate in the preparation of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
1,2-Dibromoethane is also used as a lead scavenger in antiknock mixtures added to gasolines.
1,2-Dibromoethane can be used:
To prepare functionalized styrenes by reacting with arylboronic acids via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction.
Along with potassium iodide(KI) for α-acyloxylation of ketones with carboxylic acids without the use of transition metals and strong oxidants.
In the synthesis of 5-aryl/alkyl-2-vinyl-2H-tetrazoles through one-pot regioselective vinylation of 5-tetrazoles without a metal catalyst or organocatalyst.
In the preparation of aryltriethoxysilane using aryl bromide, Mg powder and tetraethyl orthosilicate through sonochemical Barbier-type reaction.
As a reoxidizing reagent along with a silver catalyst in the regioselective carbomagnesiation of terminal alkynes with alkyl Grignard reagents.
Uses of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as an ethylation reagent and solvent; Used as a nematicide and a synthetic plant growth regulator in agriculture.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as an intermediate for synthesizing diethylbromophenylacetonitrile in medicine.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as a flame retardant for bromoethylene and vinylidene dibromobenzene.
1,2-Dibromoethane is also used as the elimination agent of lead in gasoline anti-seismic liquid, metal surface treatment agent and fire extinguishing agent.
1,2-Dibromoethane was used in the past as an additive to leaded gasoline.
However, since leaded gasoline is now banned, 1,2-Dibromoethane is no longer used for this purpose.
1,2-Dibromoethane is currently used in the treatment of felled logs for bark beetles and termites, and control of wax moths in beehives.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as a fumigant, a solvent, a scavenger for lead in leaded gasoline, and an intermediate in organic synthesis.
No longer used in the United States as a soil or grain fumigant.
Restricted Notes:
1,2-Dibromoethane is use as fumigant suspended by EPA due to toxicity and ground water contamination.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used in soil and grain fumigant.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as lead scavenger in anti-knock gasolines.
1,2-Dibromoethane is a versatile reagent in organic synthesis.
Major uses in this category are as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals (tetramisole, theodrenaline), herbicides (diquat dibromide), and dyes (Vat Blue 16), where 1,2-Dibromoethane provides an ''ethylene bridge'' in the molecular structure.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used as a nonflammable solvent for resins, gums, and waxes.
Additionally, EDB can be used as a raw material in the synthesis of chemicals such as vinyl bromide (a precursor of flame-retardants) and styrenic block copolymers.
1,2-Dibromoethane was once widely used as an additive in leaded gasoline and a pesticide, however, today 1,2-Dibromoethane's use is restricted to only certain pesticides (treatment of logs for termites and beetles, control of moths in beehives) and dye preparations.
Uses at industrial sites of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane is used in the following products: fuels, laboratory chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pH regulators and water treatment products, photo-chemicals and polymers.
1,2-Dibromoethane has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
1,2-Dibromoethane is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
1,2-Dibromoethane is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of 1,2-Dibromoethane can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), manufacturing of 1,2-Dibromoethane, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and formulation of mixtures.
Other release to the environment of 1,2-Dibromoethane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Preparation and Use of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane is produced by the reaction of ethylene gas with bromine, in a classic halogen addition reaction:
CH2=CH2 + Br2 → BrCH2–CH2Br
Historically, 1,2-dibromoethane was used as a component in anti-knock additives in leaded fuels.
1,2-Dibromoethane reacts with lead residues to generate volatile lead bromides, thereby preventing fouling of the engine with lead deposits.
Pesticide:
1,2-Dibromoethane has been used as a pesticide in soil and on various crops.
The applications were initiated after the forced retirement of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP).
Most of these uses have been stopped in the U.S.
1,2-Dibromoethane continues to be used as a fumigant for treatment of logs for termites and beetles, for control of moths in beehives.
Reagent:
1,2-Dibromoethane has wider applications in the preparation of other organic compounds including those carrying modified diazocine rings and vinyl bromide that is a precursor to some fire retardants.
In organic synthesis, 1,2-dibromoethane is used as a source of bromine to brominate carbanions and to activate magnesium for certain Grignard reagents.
In the latter process, 1,2-dibromoethane reacts with magnesium, producing ethene and magnesium bromide, and exposes a freshly etched portion of magnesium to the substrate.
Methods of Manufacturing of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane is made from ethylene and bromine.
1,2-Dibromoethane is also made from acetylene and hydrobromic acid.
1,2-Dibromoethane is manufactured via uncatalyzed, liquid-phase bromination of ethylene.
Gaseous ethylene is brought into contact with bromine by various methods, allowing for dissipation of the heat of the reaction.
The commercial manufacturing process is carried out in a glass column reactor consisting of a lower packed section and an unpacked upper section containing a number of superimposed, high-capacity, coil heat exchangers.
Liquid bromine is continuously added above the packed section while a slight excess of ethylene is continuously fed countercurrently from the bottom of the packed section.
The exothermic reaction between ethylene and bromine occurs in the liquid phase on the surfaces of the cooling coils, and heat is removed at a rate sufficient to maintain a maximum temperature of 100 °C and the section of the column.
Some reaction also occurs in the gas phase above the bromine feed where product is condensed and separated from the vent gas (ethylene, hydrogen bromide, and interact material).
As the crude liquid product passes downward through the packed section, 1,2-Dibromoethane provides a contacting surface for rising ethylene to convert any residual dissolved bromine.
Ethylene dibromide is continuously withdrawn from the reactor into a hold-up tank where 1,2-Dibromoethane is irradiated with ultraviolet light to eliminate minor amounts of unconverted starting materials.
Nature of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
At room temperature and atmospheric pressure for a volatile colorless liquid, there are special sweet.
Boiling point 131.4 °c.
Melting point 9.9 °c. Freezing point -8.3 °c.
Refractive index 5380.
Viscosity (20 C) 11 727mPa.s.
Surface tension (20 °c) 38.91mN/m.
The relative density was 2.1792.
Vapor pressure (20 °c) 1-133kPa.
Relatively stable at room temperature, but in light can slowly decompose into toxic substances.
Soluble in about 250 times of water, and ethanol, ether, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, gasoline and other organic solvents miscible, and the formation of azeotrope.
Properties of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane is a colorless, heavy (d = 2.18 g·cm–3) liquid with a mild, chloroform-like sweaty odor (mp 9–10 °C; bp 131.4 °C).
1,2-Dibromoethane is miscible with all common organic solvents and itself a good solvent for resins, gums, and waxes.
In the Cristol procedure for bromination of bridgehead acids, 1,2-dibromoethane is used as a solvent instead of CCl4 to avoid the formation of chloride byproduct.
Tests on animals indicated that over-exposure to this reagent may cause reproductive disorders.
For humans 1,2-Dibromoethane can cause damages to liver, kidneys, and lungs.
Health effects of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
1,2-Dibromoethane causes changes in the metabolism and severe destruction of living tissues.
The known empirical LD50 values for 1,2-dibromoethane are 140 mg kg−1 (oral, rat), and 300.0 mg kg−1 (dermal, rabbit).
1,2-Dibromoethane is a known carcinogen, with pre-1977 exposure levels ranking 1,2-Dibromoethane as the most carcinogenic substance on the HERP Index.
The effects on people of breathing high levels are not known, but animal studies with short-term exposures to high levels caused depression and collapse, indicating effects on the brain.
Changes in the brain and behavior were also seen in young rats whose male parents had breathed 1,2-dibromoethane, and birth defects were observed in the young of animals that were exposed while pregnant.
1,2-Dibromoethane is not known to cause birth defects in humans.
Swallowing has caused death at 40ml doses.
Safety of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
vapor toxic, high concentration can cause anesthesia, general anesthesia can cause pulmonary edema death.
The lowest poisoning concentration in the air 25*10-6.
Inhalation lethal concentration was 1000 × 10-6.
1,2-Dibromoethane is carcinogenic to rodents.
The maximum allowable concentration in air is 130 × 10 -9.
The vapor irritates the respiratory tract, damages the liver and kidneys.
Liquid contact with the skin can cause ulceration.
When contaminated, should immediately take off the coat, dry the skin.
Production sites should be well ventilated, equipped with gas masks and protective clothing.
Storage and transportation conditions and protection requirements are the same as (a) methyl bromide, and avoid contact with aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or contact with strong alkali and chlorine-rich substances.
The Joint International Air Transport Code is article 727 poison B.
First Aid Measures of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Eyes:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
Skin:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.
Inhalation:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area.
Take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.
If not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.
Ingestion:
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.
Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs.
However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested.
Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
Other:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.
Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, 1,2-Dibromoethane chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure.
Fire Fighting of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Small Fire:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.
Large Fire:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If 1,2-Dibromoethane can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.
Fire Involing Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
Accidental Release Measures of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Immediate Precautionary Measure:
Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Fire:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
Also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
Spillage Disposal:
Personal protection:
Filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of 1,2-Dibromoethane.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Accidental Release Measures
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Wear respiratory protection.
Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Ventilate area of spill or leak.
If in liq form, collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or similar material.
If in solid form, collect in most convenient and safe manner for reclamation.
Precautions For "Carcinogens":
A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms.
Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially.
Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal.
The plastic bag should be sealed immediately.
The sealed bag should be labelled properly.
Waste liquids should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal.
The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled.
Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface is not contaminated.
The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled.
Broken glassware should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators.
Identifiers of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
CAS: 106-93-4
EC Number: 203-444-5
Molar Mass: 187.87 g/mol
Chemical Formula: CH₂BrCH₂Br
Hill Formula: C₂H₄Br₂
CAS number: 106-93-4
EC index number: 602-010-00-6
EC number: 203-444-5
Hill Formula: C₂H₄Br₂
Chemical formula: CH₂BrCH₂Br
Molar Mass: 187.87 g/mol
HS Code: 2903 62 00
CAS Number: 106-93-4
Abbreviations: EDB
Beilstein Reference: 605266
ChEBI: : CHEBI:28534
ChEMBL: ChEMBL452370
ChemSpider: 7551
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.132
EC Number: 203-444-5
KEGG: C11088
MeSH: Ethylene+Dibromide
PubChem CID: 7839
RTECS number: KH9275000
UNII: 1N41638RNO
UN number: 1605
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID3020415
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4Br2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2
Key: PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: BrCCBr
CAS: 106-93-4
Molecular Formula: C2H4Br2
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 187.862
MDL Number: MFCD00000233
InChI Key: PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 7839
ChEBI: CHEBI:28534
IUPAC Name: 1,2-dibromoethane
SMILES: C(CBr)Br
Typical Properties of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Chemical formula: C2H4Br2
Molar mass: 187.862 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: faintly sweet
Density: 2.18 g mL−1
Melting point: 9.4 to 10.2 °C; 48.8 to 50.3 °F; 282.5 to 283.3 K
Boiling point: 129 to 133 °C; 264 to 271 °F; 402 to 406 K
Solubility in water: 0.4% (20 °C)
log P: 2.024
Vapor pressure: 1.56 kPa
Henry's law constant (kH): 14 μmol Pa kg−1
Refractive index (nD): 1.539
Boiling point: 132 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 2.18 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Ignition temperature: 490 °C
Melting Point: 10 °C
Vapor pressure: 72 hPa (55.0 °C)
Solubility: 4.04 g/l
Vapor density: ~6.5 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
Vapor pressure: 11.7 mmHg ( 25 °C)
Assay: 98%
Form: liquid
Refractive index: n20/D 1.539 (lit.)
bp: 131-132 °C (lit.)
mp: 8-11 °C (lit.)
Density: 2.18 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: BrCCBr
InChI: 1S/C2H4Br2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2
InChI key: PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 187.86
XLogP3: 2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 187.86593
Monoisotopic Mass: 185.86798
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Specifications of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 2.175 - 2.180
Water (K. F.): ≤ 0.10 %
Melting Point: 9°C to 10°C
Density: 2.179
Boiling Point: 132°C
Flash Point: None
Linear Formula: BrCH2CH2Br
UN Number: UN1605
Merck Index: 14,3796
Refractive Index: 1.5385
Quantity: 1000 g
Solubility Information: Miscible with alcohol,acetone,benzene,diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. Slightly miscible with water.
Sensitivity: Light sensitive
Formula Weight: 187.87
Percent Purity: 99%
Chemical Name or Material: 1,2-Dibromoethane
Thermochemistry of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Heat capacity (C): 134.7 J K−1 mol−1
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 223.30 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −1.2419–−1.2387 MJ mol−1
Related compounds of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Related alkanes:
Dibromomethane
Bromoform
Tetrabromomethane
1,1-Dibromoethane
Tetrabromoethane
1,2-Dibromopropane
1,3-Dibromopropane
1,2,3-Tribromopropane
Names of 1,2-Dibromoethane:
Preferred IUPAC name:
1,2-Dibromoethane
Regulatory process names:
1,2-Dibrom-ethan
1,2-dibrom-ethan
1,2-Dibromethan
1,2-dibromoethane
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,2-dibromoethane
1,2-dibromoethane (EDB)
ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE
Ethylene dibromide
Translated names:
1,2-dibrometan (no)
1,2-dibrometan (ro)
1,2-dibrometan (sv)
1,2-dibrometanas (lt)
1,2-dibromethan (cs)
1,2-dibromethan (da)
1,2-Dibromethan (de)
1,2-dibrometāns (lv)
1,2-dibromoetaan (et)
1,2-dibromoetan (hr)
1,2-dibromoetan (pl)
1,2-dibromoetan (sl)
1,2-dibromoetano (es)
1,2-dibromoetano (it)
1,2-dibromoetano (pt)
1,2-dibromoéthane (fr)
1,2-dibroomethaan (nl)
1,2-dibrómetán (hu)
1,2-dibrómetán (sk)
1,2-etyleenidibromidi (fi)
1,2-etylendibromid (no)
1,2-etylendibromid (sv)
1,2-διβρωμοαιθάνιο (el)
1,2-дибромоетан (bg)
bromek etylenu (pl)
dibromek etylenu (pl)
Ethylendibromid (de)
CAS name:
Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-
IUPAC name:
1,2-Dibromethan
1,2-DIBROMOETHANE
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,2-dibromoethane
1,2-dibromoethane
Dibromoethane
Ethylene dibromide
Other names:
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene bromide
Glycol bromide
Other identifier:
106-93-4
