LUPASOL PS
Lupasol PS is a branched polyethyleneimine solution known for its high cationic charge density, allowing it to form strong ionic bonds with negatively charged surfaces, making it effective as an adhesion promoter, flocculant, and dispersion aid.
Lupasol PS is highly soluble in water and polar solvents, facilitating its incorporation into various formulations, including adhesives, water treatment processes, and personal care products.
Lupasol PS enhances the performance of materials by improving bonding strength, water quality, and the texture of conditioning agents, while also contributing to environmental sustainability through its biodegradable properties.
CAS Number: 9002-98-6
EC Number: 618-356-0
Molecular Formula: (C2H5N)n
Molar Mass: 750,000
Synonyms: N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), Sigma-Aldrich, Lupasol WF, 1H-Pyrazole-1-carboxamidine hydrochloride, Sigma-Aldrich, Methanol, Merck, Isopropanol, Merck, Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide, Sigma-Aldrich, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), Merck, Tryptic soy broth, Sigma-Aldrich, Trypsin-EDTA, Biowest, Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, Biowest, Phosphate buffer saline (PBS), Biowest, L-glutamine, Biowest, Glutaraldehyde, Sigma-Aldrich, Sodium cacodylate, Sigma-Aldrich, Resazurin, Sigma-Aldrich, Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), Sigma-Aldrich, Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS;, Sigma-Aldrich, Scrambled siRNA, Integrated DNA Technologies, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dehydrate (EDTA), Sigma-Aldrich, Lupasol HF, Polyethylenimine (PEI), Branched Polyethylenimine, Poly(ethylene imine), PEI Polymer, Polyaziridine, Lupasol G 100, Branched PEI, Poly(ethenyl-1,2-ethanediamine), Poly(aziridine), PEI Solution, Polymer of Ethylenimine, Aziridine Polymer, Polyamine, Branched Polyamine, Polymerized Ethylenimine, Polyethyleneimine, Lupasol PEI, Polyethylenimine, Aziridine-based Polymer, PEI Branched, Ethylenimine Homopolymer, Lupasol Polymer, Cationic Polyethylenimine, Poly(ethyleneamine), Polymeric Ethylenimine, PEI, Polymer PEI, Ethylenimine-derived Polymer, Ethylenimine Polymer, Polyethenimine, Branched PEI, Cationic Branched Polymer, Ethyleneamine Polymer, Polymerized Aziridine, Amine-based Polymer, Branched Ethyleneimine Polymer, Water-soluble PEI, Aziridine Polyamine, Branched Poly(ethyleneimine), Cationic Poly(ethyleneimine), Ethylenimine Polyamine, Aziridine Homopolymer, Branched Cationic Polymer, Lupasol Cationic Polymer, Polybranched Ethylenimine, Ethyleneimine Chain Polymer, Cationic Polyethylenimine Solution, Polymeric Aziridine, Ethyleneimine Polymer, Branched Polymer Amine
Lupasol PS is a branched polyethyleneimine solution that is used in adhesives to improve adhesion and as a flocculant / chelate in detergents & cleaners.
Lupasol PS is an aqueous solution of a high molecular weight polyethyleneimine.
The polyethylenimine polymer in Lupasol PS carries a very high cationic charge density that makes this product useful as an adhesion promoter, cross linker, dispersion aid, and flocculant.
Lupasol PS is soluble in water as well as most polar solvents and can be diluted easily to your desired working concentration.
Lupasol PS is available commercially as a clear to pale yellow, viscous liquid in 55 gallon drums.
Lupasol PS is a type of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer, part of BASF’s Lupasol product line.
Lupasol PS is known for its high cationic charge density, which results from the presence of multiple primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups in its structure.
This feature allows Lupasol PS to interact strongly with negatively charged surfaces and particles, making it effective in various industrial applications such as adhesives, water treatment, and coatings.
Lupasol PS is a branched polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer, well-regarded for its unique structure and high cationic charge density, which results from a dense network of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups.
This complex structure grants Lupasol PS the ability to form strong ionic bonds with negatively charged surfaces and particles, making Lupasol PS exceptionally versatile in a variety of industrial applications.
Lupasol PS's effectiveness is particularly prominent in areas such as adhesion promotion, flocculation, water treatment, paper manufacturing, and textile processing.
One of the standout properties of Lupasol PS is its solubility.
Lupasol PS dissolves easily in water and other polar solvents, which facilitates its incorporation into water-based formulations.
This makes Lupasol PS an ideal choice for industries that need to maintain a liquid, water-soluble polymer that can interact efficiently with other substances.
Lupasol PS is highly reactive under different pH conditions, especially in acidic environments where the cationic charge density increases, enabling stronger binding with anionic particles.
In the adhesives industry, Lupasol PS significantly improves bonding strength between various materials, such as paper, textiles, and wood.
Lupasol PS enhances the durability and flexibility of adhesives, resulting in longer-lasting bonds.
In the field of water treatment, Lupasol PS plays a crucial role as a flocculant and coagulant.
By neutralizing the charges of suspended particles, Lupasol PS facilitates their aggregation and removal, thus improving water quality.
Lupasol PS's high reactivity allows it to bind quickly and effectively with contaminants, making water treatment processes more efficient.
Additionally, Lupasol PS is a valuable additive in the personal care industry, where it is used as a conditioning agent in products like shampoos and skin creams.
Lupasol PS's cationic nature allows it to bond with negatively charged surfaces such as hair and skin, improving texture, softness, and manageability.
This property makes Lupasol PS a key ingredient in enhancing the performance of conditioning products.
The paper and pulp industry also benefits from Lupasol PS's strong binding capabilities.
Lupasol PS helps in retaining fillers, fibers, and pigments during paper production, resulting in stronger, higher-quality paper with better printability.
Moreover, Lupasol PS improves the adhesion, flexibility, and environmental resistance of resin and coating formulations, providing durability against moisture, abrasion, and other environmental factors.
Despite its high reactivity and potent cationic properties, Lupasol PS is biodegradable under certain conditions, contributing to its environmental sustainability.
Proper handling and storage are necessary to maintain Lupasol PS's stability and effectiveness.
Lupasol PS's multifunctionality, performance-enhancing attributes, and environmentally friendly profile make Lupasol PS a critical component in numerous industrial processes, ranging from water treatment to adhesive formulation, personal care, and paper production.
Lupasol PS is branched spherical polymeric amines.
Due to their high charge density they adsorb tightly on negatively charged surfaces.
This mode of action can be applied to a huge variety of materials, such as cellulose, polyesters, polyolefines, polyamides, and metals, and provides visible advantages to the user.
Lupasol PS is the ideal adhesion promoter between different types of plastics or between plastics and polar substrates, such as polyolefine films and paper.
Lupasol PS improves dye acceptance, paintability, and barrier properties.
In lamination inks, Lupasol® acts as a tie-bond for the plastic film placed over the substrate.
Uses of Lupasol PS:
Lupasol PS is a highly versatile polymer with a wide range of industrial applications due to its branched polyethylenimine (PEI) structure and high cationic charge density.
Here are Lupasol PS's primary uses:
Adhesives:
Lupasol PS acts as an adhesion promoter, enhancing the bonding strength between different materials such as plastics, textiles, paper, and wood.
Lupasol PS's cationic nature promotes electrostatic interactions, improving the durability of adhesives in applications like laminates and coatings.
Water Treatment:
In water treatment, Lupasol PS is used as a flocculant and coagulant.
Lupasol PS neutralizes negatively charged particles in wastewater, causing them to aggregate and form larger flocs that can be easily removed, improving water clarity and treatment efficiency.
Paper and Pulp Industry:
Lupasol PS improves filler and fiber retention during paper manufacturing.
Lupasol PS enhances the bonding of fibers, resulting in stronger and higher-quality paper products.
Lupasol PS also aids in the retention of pigments and dyes, improving printability and paper appearance.
Personal Care Products:
In personal care formulations, Lupasol PS is used as a conditioning agent.
Lupasol PS's cationic charge allows it to bond with negatively charged surfaces like hair and skin, improving softness, manageability, and texture in products such as shampoos and lotions.
Resin and Coatings:
Lupasol PS is used in resin and coating formulations to enhance adhesion, flexibility, and durability.
Lupasol PS improves the bonding of coatings to substrates and increases the resistance of surfaces to environmental factors like moisture, abrasion, and chemicals.
Textile Processing:
In the textile industry, Lupasol PS is used to improve dye bonding and fabric texture.
Lupasol PS enhances color retention and durability in dyed fabrics by increasing the interaction between the dye and the textile fibers, making the colors more vibrant and long-lasting.
Ink and Printing Industry:
Lupasol PS acts as an adhesion promoter in printing inks, especially for applications on plastic films and paper.
Lupasol PS improves the bonding between the ink and the substrate, resulting in better resolution, water fastness, and print quality.
Protein Immobilization and Biomedicine:
Due to its ability to bind with anionic biomolecules, Lupasol PS is used in protein immobilization applications in the biomedical field.
Lupasol PS's strong charge interactions allow proteins or other biomolecules to be attached to surfaces for diagnostics or bioprocessing.
Catalyst and Nanoparticle Stabilization:
Lupasol PS is used to stabilize nanoparticles and as a support for catalysts in chemical reactions.
Lupasol PS's cationic charge helps stabilize the dispersion of nanoparticles in solution, making it useful in nanotechnology and catalysis applications.
Packaging Films:
In flexible packaging, Lupasol PS serves as a primer that increases the surface energy of plastic films, making them more receptive to adhesives.
Lupasol PS improves the bonding of multilayer films in packaging applications, providing better sealing and barrier properties.
Applications of Lupasol PS:
Lupasol PS is most commonly used to improve adhesion of inks, coatings, and adhesives to low surface energy substrates.
Lupasol PS can be added directly to alkaline formulations or it can be used as pretreatment / primer to increase adhesion.
Lupasol PS is often used in combination with polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylbutryral, polyvinyl acetate, and styrene copolymers as a cross linker to improve cohesion of tape and label pressure sensitive adhesives.
Lupasol PS is an excellent flocculant and chelating agent for negatively charged contaminants and heavy metals.
Lupasol PS is used as a flocculant in both water pretreatment and household detergent applications.
Because of their high charge density, Lupasol products adsorb strongly on negatively charged surfaces such as cellulose, polyester, polyolefi ns, polyamides and metals.
They are therefore used as adhesion promoters for bonding different materials.
The usual application rate for these applications is very low, in the 50 – 150 mg/m2 range.
In addition, owing to the large number of peripheral amino groups, Lupasols can act as physical or chemical crosslinking agents in coatings, paints and adhesives.
Printing inks:
Lupasol PS is an effective adhesion promoter for printing inks for laminated films, in which two or more layers of material are combined to form a solid composite.
Lupasol PS is particularly suitable for sandwich-printed laminated films.
The application rate is approx. 0.5 to 1% Lupasol PS to the printing ink.
Lupasol PS is strongly basic and must only be used with binders and pigments that are stable to alkalis.
Polyvinylbutyral is the preferred binder.
Flocculant:
Lupasol P is used to flocculate highly charged anionic particles.
Good results have been obtained in precipitating proteins, zeolites and silicates.
Adhesion promoter in car tires:
Lupasol PS improves the adhesive properties of styrene-butadiene rubber towards the fi bers incorporated in car tires.
Particularly in systems based on resorcin/formaldehyde, vinylpyridine and polyethylene terephthalate, the use of Lupasol results in improved adhesion and reduces the hardness of the rubber mixture.
Adhesives:
In combination with polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylbutyral, polyvinyl acetate and styrene copolymers, Lupasol products can be used as adhesion promoters in adhesives.
The application concentration is usually in the 0.1 – 5% range (percent active substance).
Lupasol P, PS and HF are particularly suitable.
Because of their crosslinking action, the use of low-molecular Lupasol products in dispersion-based label adhesives results in significantly increased cohesion for the same level of adhesion.
Low-molecular anhydrous Lupasol products can also act as crosslinkers and hardeners in epoxy resin and polyurethane adhesives.
The amounts used depend on the epoxide or isocyanate component and the desired product properties.
Complex formation:
Lupasol products can form reversible complexes with heavy-metal ions. They have a high cation-binding capacity similar to that of EDTA.
Complexing is preferably carried out in an alkaline medium.
Lupasol products exhibit outstanding binding capacities towards divalent metal ions (Zn2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+).
Lupasol P is suitable for separating heavy metals from aqueous solutions by ultrafi ltration.
The heavy metals can be subsequently recovered by electrodeposition.
Coatings and paints:
Lupasol products are used as primers in coating applications, where they improve adhesion to the substrate.
Especially in UV-curing systems, which often exhibit poor adhesion because of volume shrinkage, considerable improvements can be obtained by using Lupasol P as a primer.
The addition of even a small concentration (0.1%) of Lupasol G 20 to standard emulsion paints significantly improves the wet adhesion, which is of particular significance in bath and kitchen applications.
Lupasol G 20 or Lupasol G 35 can be added directly to the paint formulation.
This makes the use of special monomers in emulsion paint manufacture unnecessary.
Low-molecular, anhydrous Lupasol products can also be used as a crosslinking polyamine component in epoxy resin and polyurethane coatings.
Lupasol products improve the early rain resistance of stucco fi nishes.
Lupasol G 35 is used to prepare stucco formulations with long-term stability.
Lupasol G 100 is an additive that can be incorporated immediately before the stucco is applied.
Pigment manufacture:
Pigments dispersed with Lupasol-based compounds are easier to process and exhibit higher color strength.
Protein immobilization:
Lupasol products can be used to immobilize proteins on inorganic materials.
The proteins are usually bound to the Lupasol using dialdehydes (e. g. glutaraldehyde).
Lupasol PS is particularly suitable for this application.
Textile auxiliaries:
Lupasol P improves fixation of reactive dyes on cotton.
Lupasol PS can be applied during pretreatment or aftertreatment.
Lupasol PS can also be used to fix flame retardants.
Packaging films:
Lupasol P is very effective as an adhesion promoter in multilayer packaging films manufactured by coating, lamination, extrusion coating or coextrusion.
Applying Lupasol P in composite fi lms (laminates) allows the use of material combinations that result in improved physical, chemical and mechanical properties and substantially increase the barrier effect.
The following materials are suitable as substrates: cellulose, paper, cellophane, viscose, polyolefi ns (PP, OPP, BOPP, PE, LDPE, HDPE), polyester (PET), polyamide, alogenated polymers (PVC, PVDC), and metals (e. g. aluminum).
The following coating agents can be used: polyolefin waxes (PE, LDPE, HDPE), PVAc, PVA, acrylates, and PVDC.
Application Film pretreatment:
Oxidative pretreatment of the film considerably improves adhesion.
Inline pretreatment (corona, flame or ozone) of films before coating is therefore recommended.
The solids content of an aqueous Lupasol P primer solution is between 0.5 and 1%.
The water used to prepare Lupasol PS should be low in Ca2+ ions.
Up to 30 wt% alcohol (methanol, ethanol or isopropanol) can be added to improve drying and wettability.
Where films with low surface tension are used, we recommend the addition of 0.5% nonionic surfactant (Lutensol ON 60).
The primer solution is applied at the rate of 1 – 5 g (of a 1% solution) per square meter (corresponding to 10 – 50 mg/m2 of pure Lupasol P).
Coating The primer solution can be applied, for example, by means of a dip bath with a plastic or metal transfer roll.
Drying:
After application of the primer solution, the coating is usually dried conventionally in a stream of warm air (≥50 °C).
Adding alcohol allows the drying time and temperature to be reduced.
Insufficiently dried primer coatings lead to poorer adhesion or blocking in offl ine applications.
Combination:
Combination of the Lupasol-coated polymer film with a topcoat is carried out under heat (50 °C – 100 °C, depending on the type and thickness of material) and pressure.
Typical application:
A widely used application is the extrusion of polyethylene (LDPE) under oxidizing conditions on a film coated with Lupasol P at 300 °C – 320 °C.
Under optimum conditions extremely good adhesion is achieved (adhesive strengths of up to 180 g/cm2).
Related Applications:
Care Chemicals
Automotive Cleaner
Bathroom Cleaner
Carpet Cleaner
Detergent
Enzyme Manufacturing
Metal Cleaning
Stainless Steel Cleaner
Tile Cleaner
Toilet Bowl Cleaner
Features and Benefits of Lupasol PS:
Aqueous
Miscible with water in all proportions
Compatible with cationic and nonionic systems
Fix and immobilize enzymes for extended resistance
Heavy metal chelation
Excellent adhesion promoters
Fixing agent in hair treatment products
FDA 175.105 approved for lamination or sealing of food packaging items
Benefits:
High Cationic Charge Density:
Lupasol PS has a strong positive charge due to its abundant amine groups, which allows it to effectively bond with negatively charged surfaces and materials.
This characteristic enhances Lupasol PS's utility across various applications.
Versatility in Applications:
The polymer is widely applicable in numerous industries, including adhesives, coatings, water treatment, personal care, and paper manufacturing, making Lupasol PS a valuable multifunctional additive.
Enhanced Adhesion Properties:
In adhesives, Lupasol PS significantly improves bonding strength between dissimilar materials, such as plastics, wood, and textiles.
Lupasol PS's electrostatic interactions enhance the durability of the bonds, leading to longer-lasting applications.
Effective Flocculant and Coagulant:
In water treatment, Lupasol PS aids in the aggregation and removal of suspended particles by neutralizing their charges.
This property enhances the efficiency of water purification processes.
Improved Conditioning in Personal Care Products:
As a conditioning agent in shampoos and skin products, Lupasol PS enhances texture and manageability.
Lupasol PS's cationic nature allows it to bind effectively with hair and skin, providing moisturizing benefits.
Increased Retention of Fillers and Fibers:
In the paper and pulp industry, Lupasol PS improves the retention of fillers, fibers, and pigments during production, resulting in stronger and higher-quality paper products.
Enhanced Performance in Coatings:
In resin and coating formulations, Lupasol PS improves adhesion, flexibility, and resistance to environmental factors, such as moisture and abrasion.
This leads to more durable and long-lasting coatings.
Environmental Sustainability:
Lupasol PS is biodegradable under specific conditions, making it a more environmentally friendly alternative to some synthetic polymers.
Lupasol PS's eco-toxicological profile aligns with growing demands for sustainable materials.
Safety and Ease of Handling:
With proper precautions, Lupasol PS is relatively safe to handle compared to other high-reactivity materials.
This safety profile is important in both industrial settings and consumer product applications.
Customizable Properties:
The synthesis process allows for the production of Lupasol PS with varying molecular weights and branching characteristics, enabling customization for specific application needs.
Key Characteristics of Lupasol PS:
High Cationic Charge:
Provides strong electrostatic interactions with negatively charged surfaces.
Water Solubility:
Highly soluble in water, facilitating use in water-based formulations.
Reactivity:
Reacts efficiently with anionic compounds, which enhances Lupasol PS's binding properties.
Versatility:
Lupasol PS is used in applications like adhesion promotion, flocculation, paper manufacturing, and textile processing.
Environmental Profile:
Like other Lupasol products, Lupasol PS may offer biodegradability under specific conditions, contributing to its environmentally friendly profile.
Synthesis of Lupasol PS:
The synthesis of Lupasol PS involves the polymerization of ethylenimine (also known as aziridine), a highly reactive cyclic amine.
The polymerization is carried out under controlled conditions to produce a branched polyethylenimine (PEI) structure, which contains a dense network of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups.
This branching is crucial because Lupasol PS enhances the polymer's overall cationic charge density, allowing for stronger interactions with negatively charged particles and surfaces.
Key steps in the synthesis process:
Initiation:
The polymerization of ethylenimine is initiated by acidic or basic catalysts, typically under aqueous conditions.
The catalyst opens the ethylenimine ring, leading to the formation of linear or branched chains.
Propagation:
The polymer grows as the reactive ethylenimine monomers continue to add to the active chain ends.
This results in the formation of a highly branched PEI structure, where the amine groups serve as reactive sites for further polymer growth.
Termination:
The polymerization process is terminated by adjusting the pH or adding specific reagents that stabilize the growing chains.
The reaction can be carefully controlled to produce a polymer with the desired molecular weight and branching characteristics.
Purification:
After synthesis, the polymer solution is purified to remove any unreacted monomers, catalysts, or by-products.
The final product is a highly branched, water-soluble polymer with a high cationic charge density, ready for use in industrial applications.
This synthetic process allows for precise control over the molecular weight, branching degree, and functional group density, resulting in Lupasol PS's ability to interact effectively with negatively charged materials.
Lupasol PS's properties, such as water solubility, reactivity under various pH conditions, and adhesion promotion, are all a direct result of this carefully controlled polymerization process.
Production of Lupasol PS:
The production of Lupasol PS involves several key steps to ensure the creation of a high-quality branched polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer.
This production process typically occurs in a controlled industrial environment to maintain the necessary conditions for optimal polymerization.
Below are the primary stages involved in the production of Lupasol PS:
Raw Material Preparation:
Ethyleneimine:
The primary raw material is ethylenimine, which is sourced and purified before use.
Ethylenimine is highly reactive and must be handled with care due to Lupasol PS's potential hazards.
Catalysts:
Acidic or basic catalysts are selected to facilitate the polymerization process.
The choice of catalyst can influence the branching structure and molecular weight of the final product.
Polymerization Process:
Initiation:
The polymerization reaction begins with the addition of ethylenimine and the chosen catalyst into a reactor.
The reaction typically takes place under controlled temperature and pressure to optimize the polymerization kinetics.
Chain Growth:
As the ethylenimine monomers react, they open their rings and link together to form a branched structure.
The branching occurs due to the inherent reactivity of the amine groups, allowing for multiple growth points within the polymer chain.
Control of Conditions:
Throughout the polymerization process, parameters such as temperature, pH, and reaction time are closely monitored and adjusted to achieve the desired molecular weight and branching characteristics of the Lupasol PS polymer.
Termination of Polymerization:
The polymerization is terminated when the desired properties of the polymer are achieved.
This can be done by altering the pH or adding specific agents that stop the reaction, ensuring that the polymer reaches Lupasol PS's intended molecular weight.
Purification:
After termination, the polymer mixture undergoes purification to remove unreacted ethylenimine, catalysts, and other by-products.
This purification step is crucial for ensuring the final product meets quality standards and is safe for Lupasol PS's intended applications.
Common purification methods include dialysis, filtration, or precipitation techniques, which help isolate the desired polymer.
Formulation and Packaging:
The purified Lupasol PS is then formulated as needed for various applications, often in a concentrated liquid form or as a powder.
Finally, Lupasol PS is packaged in appropriate containers that protect it from moisture and contamination, ensuring its stability during storage and transportation.
Quality Control:
Throughout the production process, quality control measures are implemented to assess the polymer's properties, including Lupasol PS's molecular weight, charge density, and purity.
These tests ensure that Lupasol PS consistently meets the required specifications for its various industrial applications.
Handling and Storage of Lupasol PS:
Handling:
Lupasol PS should be handled with care to avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.
Ensure good ventilation in work areas to prevent inhalation of vapors or mists.
Avoid creating dust or aerosols.
Storage:
Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from incompatible substances, such as strong oxidizers, and avoid exposure to heat or direct sunlight.
Protect from moisture to maintain product stability and prevent degradation.
Stability and Reactivity of Lupasol PS:
Stability:
Lupasol PS is stable under recommended storage conditions.
Lupasol PS should be kept away from moisture and extreme temperatures to prevent polymer degradation or unwanted reactions.
Reactivity:
Lupasol PS is reactive with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.
Lupasol PS can form hazardous reactions with incompatible chemicals, potentially leading to the release of heat or gas.
Decomposition Products:
Upon decomposition (e.g., due to high heat), Lupasol PS may release toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon oxides (COx).
First Aid Measures of Lupasol PS:
Eye Contact:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
If irritation occurs or persists, seek medical attention.
Inhalation:
Move the person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen or seek medical attention.
In case of respiratory distress, call a doctor.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water and drink plenty of water.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Firefighting Measures of Lupasol PS:
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (CO2) to extinguish fires involving Lupasol PS.
Special Hazards:
In case of fire, toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides may be released.
Avoid inhalation of smoke or gases.
Protective Equipment:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing to avoid exposure to hazardous combustion products.
Accidental Release Measures of Lupasol PS:
Personal Precautions:
Wear protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and appropriate clothing.
Ensure proper ventilation and avoid inhalation of vapors or dust.
Remove all sources of ignition.
Containment:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Avoid releasing Lupasol PS into drains, water systems, or the environment.
Cleanup Procedures:
Absorb spills with inert material (e.g., sand or earth) and place in a suitable waste disposal container.
Clean contaminated surfaces thoroughly.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Lupasol PS:
Engineering Controls:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area to prevent buildup of vapors or dust.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Respiratory Protection:
In case of insufficient ventilation or exposure to dust/vapors, use an approved respirator.
Hand Protection:
Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves to prevent skin contact.
Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles or a face shield to protect against splashes.
Skin and Body Protection:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to avoid skin contact.
Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling Lupasol PS.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.
Identifiers of Lupasol PS:
Chemical Name: Polyethylenimine (PEI)
CAS Number: 9002-98-6 (Polyethylenimine, general structure)
EINECS Number: 618-356-0
Molecular Formula: (C₂H₅N)ₙ
Molecular Weight: Variable, depending on the degree of polymerization and branching
IUPAC Name: Branched polyethylenimine
EC / List no.: 618-346-1
CAS no.: 9002-98-6
Properties of Lupasol PS:
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellowish viscous liquid.
Density: Approximately 1.03–1.09 g/cm³.
Viscosity: High viscosity, depending on molecular weight and concentration.
Solubility: Soluble in water and polar solvents like ethanol, methanol; insoluble in non-polar solvents.
pH (Aqueous Solution): Around 10–11.
Cationic Charge Density: Very high, especially under acidic conditions (pH 2–4).
Thermal Stability: Decomposes above 150°C; no distinct boiling point.
Specifications of Lupasol PS:
Avg molar mass: 750,000
Viscosity: 1,700
Concentration: 33%
Color: clear, colorless till slightly yellowish liquid at room temp.
Primary Chemistry: Polyethyleneimine
Chemical Composition: Branched polyethylenimine (PEI) with primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups.
Physical Properties: Clear to slightly yellowish viscous liquid; density around 1.03–1.09 g/cm³.
Molecular Weight: Variable, typically in the range of 800 to 100,000 g/mol.
Purity: High, with minimal impurities (residual monomers usually <0.5%).
Amine Value: Typically 10–16 mg KOH/g.
Storage Conditions: Store at 5°C–30°C; shelf life of up to 12 months.
Safety Specifications: Non-flammable; decomposes above 150°C; requires PPE for handling.
Names of Lupasol PS:
Regulatory process names:
AZIRIDINE, HOMOPOLYMER
Aziridine, homopolymer
polyethyleneimine
IUPAC names:
aziridine
Aziridine Homopolymer
AZIRIDINE, HOMOPOLYMER
Aziridine, Homopolymer
Aziridine, homopolymer
Ethyleneimine, Polymer
PEI-2500
POLYETHYLENEIMINE
Polyethyleneimine
polyethyleneimine
Polyethyleneimine (ca. 30% in Water) [for Biochemical Research]
Polyethylenimin
Polyethylenimin
Polyethylenimine
Polyethylenimine linear
POLYETHYLENIMINE, BRANCHED
Trade names:
15T
210T
2MB
AC 871
Aziridin, homopolymer
Aziridine homopolymerisée
Aziridine homopolymérisée
Aziridine polymer
Aziridine, homopolymer
Aziridine, homopolymer 1300; MG=1300
Aziridine, homopolymer 17000-28000; V=17000-28000 mPas
Aziridine, homopolymer 2000000; MG=2000000
Aziridine, homopolymer 2000; MG=2000
Aziridine, homopolymer 25000; MG=25000
Aziridine, homopolymer 500-1000; V=500-1000 mPas
Aziridine, homopolymer 5000; MG=5000
Aziridine, homopolymer 750000; MG=750000
Aziridine, homopolymer 800; MG=800
Aziridine, homopolymer; n
BASOPHOB RSI; 50% Active Matter; active substance
CF 218
CF 218 (polymer)
Corcat P 100
Corcat P 12
Corcat P 145
EL 402
EL 420
Emerlube 6717
Epomin 1000
Epomin 150T
Epomin D 3000
Epomin P 003
Ethyleneimine, homopolymer
Ethylenimine, polymers
Everamine
Everamine 150T
Everamine 210T
K 203C
Lugalvan G 15
Lugalvan G 20
Lugalvan G 35
LUPASOL FC; MG=800; 50% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL G 100; MG=5000; 50% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL G 20 WASSERFREI; MG=1300; 98% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL G 20; MG=1300; 50% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL G 35; MG=2000; 50% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL HF; MG=25000; 55% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL P; MG=750000; 50% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL PS; MG=750000; 33% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL SK; MG=2000000; 24% Active Matter; active substance
LUPASOL WF; MG=25000; 99% Active Matter; active substance
Luprasol P; in Water; 50% Active Matter; active substance
Montrek 1000
Montrek 12
Montrek 18
Montrek 6
Montrek 600
P 100 (polyamine)
P 1000
Pei-10
Pei-10 (INCI)
Pei-1000
Pei-1000 (INCI)
Pei-1400
Pei-1400 (INCI)
Pei-14M
Pei-14M (INCI)
POLYETHLENEIMINE (MELT)
Polyethylenimin
Polymin FG; unbekannt 1
Polymin HS; V=500-1000 mPas; 20% Active Matter; active substance
Polymin P; V=17000-28000 mPas
Polymin-P
SEDIPUR CL 930; 30% Active Matter; active substance
Other names:
LUPASOL P
Other identifiers:
1084334-00-8
1244969-44-5
1257304-92-9
1333407-92-3