PROPANONE
Propanone is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.
Propanone is widely used as a solvent in industries such as paint, coatings, and adhesives.
Propanone is the simplest and smallest ketone, consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two methyl groups (-CH3).
CAS Number: 67-64-1
EC Number: 200-662-2
Chemical Formula: C3H6O
Molecular weight: 58.08 g/mol
Synonyms: Propanone, Dimethyl ketone, 2-Propanone, Dimethylformaldehyde, Methyl ketone, β-Ketopropane, Pyroacetic spirit, Ketone propane, Ketone dimethyl, Pyroacetic ether, Ketopropane, Propan-2-one, Beta-ketopropane, Methyl propanone, Propan-2-one, 2-Oxopropane, 2-Ketopropane, Dimethyl formaldehyde, Dimethyl ketone, Dimethylformaldehyde, Dimethylformaldehyde, Ethanone, Methyl acetone, Methyl ethyl ketone, Methylketone, Propanone, dimethyl, Propanone, 2-methyl-, Propanone, 2-propyl-, Pyroacetic ether, Pyroacetic spirit, Pyroacetic alcohol, Pyroacetic acid, Pyroacetic acid ether, Pyroacetic acid methyl ester, Pyroacetic acid, ethyl ester, Pyroacetic acid, methyl ester, 2-Propanone, 1,1-dimethyl-, Ketone propane, Ketone dimethyl, Propanone, 1,1-dimethyl-, Propanone, methyl-, Propione, Dimethylformaldehyde, Dimethylketone, Dimethylformaldehyde, 2-Oxopropane, Propanone, dimethyl-, Propanone, 2-methyl-, Propanone, 2-propyl-, Propanone, 2-methyl-, Ethyl methyl ketone, Methyl acetone, Methyl ethyl ketone, Methylpropane-2-one, Beta-ketopropane, 2-Ketopropane, Pyroacetic acid, Pyroacetic acid ether, Pyroacetic alcohol, Pyroacetic acid methyl ester, Pyroacetic acid, ethyl ester, Pyroacetic acid, methyl ester
Propanone is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.
Propanone is the simplest and smallest ketone.
Propanone is a colourless, highly volatile and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour.
Propanone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in Propanones own right, in industry, home, and laboratory.
Composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, Propanone presents as a clear liquid that is highly flammable and often used as cleaner in industrial settings.
Propanone is found in volcanic gases, plants, in byproducts of forest fires, and the breakdown of body fat.
Propanone evaporates very quickly, and while Propanone is produced in nature, for commercial use Propanone is produced by manually combining three carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom to produce the compound element (CH3)2CO, that we call Propanone.
Because Propanone is both organic and non-toxic, when used properly, Propanone is an element many products that people use every day.
Propanone is the main ingredient in paint thinner, used as a solvent in various cosmetics and facial treatments, as well as a cleaning agent to remove sticky substances like glue or resin.
Propanone is also used as an additive in gasoline that thins the gas allowing Propanone to diffuse more easily through the engine, resulting in higher fuel efficiency.
Propanone is a chemical that is used daily by many people.
Across all industries Propanone is necessary for developing new products, cleaning, degreasing, or even saving marine life from detrimental oil spills.
Propanone is a colorless, volatile, and flammable organic compound with the chemical formula C3H6O.
Propanone is the simplest and smallest ketone, consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two methyl groups (-CH3).
Propanone is highly miscible with water, alcohol, and other organic solvents, making Propanone a versatile solvent widely used in various industries and everyday applications.
Propanone is produced naturally in small quantities in the human body through metabolic processes, but it is primarily manufactured industrially.
Propanone is commonly obtained as a byproduct during the production of phenol, where it is derived from cumene.
Propanone can also be synthesized via the oxidation of isopropanol.
Propanone has a distinct fruity or sweet odor and a low boiling point, which contributes to its rapid evaporation.
Propanone is highly volatile and highly flammable, so it should be handled with care and stored properly.
Due to Propanone's excellent solvent properties, Propanone finds applications in many industries.
Propanone is widely used as a solvent for paints, varnishes, resins, and coatings.
Propanone is also used as a cleaning agent for removing oils, greases, and other contaminants from surfaces.
Additionally, Propanone is utilized as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.
Moreover, Propanone is a key ingredient in many chemical reactions and processes.
Propanone is used as a reactant in the production of various chemicals, including methyl methacrylate, bisphenol-A, and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK).
Propanone is also utilized as a denaturant in alcohol products and as a fuel additive in some engines.
Propanone is a colorless liquid with a distinct fruity odor.
Propanone has a boiling point of approximately 56 degrees Celsius.
Propanone is highly flammable and should be stored away from open flames or ignition sources.
Propanone is soluble in water, alcohol, and many organic solvents.
Propanone has a rapid evaporation rate due to its low boiling point.
Propanone is a common ingredient in nail polish removers.
Propanone is widely used as a solvent for paints, varnishes, and lacquers.
Propanone is a key component in the production of plastics, fibers, and synthetic resins.
Propanone has a wide range of industrial applications, including cleaning agents and degreasers.
Propanone is used in laboratories for various analytical and research purposes.
Propanone is a volatile organic compound (VOC) and contributes to air pollution when released into the atmosphere.
Propanone has a relatively low toxicity level but can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Propanone is commonly used as a cleaning agent for removing adhesive residues.
Propanone is a vital component in the production of methyl methacrylate, a key ingredient in acrylic plastics.
Propanone is utilized in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and organic compounds.
Propanone is an important ingredient in the manufacturing of printing inks.
Propanone can be used as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency.
Propanone is a volatile solvent commonly used for dissolving and removing grease and oil stains.
Propanone is used as a cleaning solvent for electronic components and circuit boards.
Propanone has a characteristic sweet taste but should never be ingested as it is toxic in large quantities.
Propanone can act as a drying agent, helping to speed up the drying process of certain materials.
Propanone is used in the extraction of natural products, such as essential oils.
Propanone is used in the production of artificial fibers like rayon and acetate.
Propanone is an essential component in the formulation of many personal care products, including perfumes and cosmetics.
Propanone is a versatile chemical compound with numerous industrial, commercial, and household applications.
Uses of Propanone:
Propanone is important organic raw material in the chemical, artificial fiber, medicine, paint, plastics, organic glass, cosmetics and other industries; an excellent organic solvent that dissolves many organic products such as resin, cellulose acetate, acetylene and so on.
Propanone is important raw material for the synthesis of ketene, acetic anhydride, iodoform, polyisoprene rubber, methacrylic acid, methyl ester, chloroform, and epoxy resins.
The Propanone cyanohydrin obtained from the reaction of Propanone with hydrocyanic acid is the raw material of methacrylic resin (perspex).
Propanone is raw material in the production of epoxy resin intermediate bisphenol A.
In pharmaceuticals, Propanone is used as extractants for a variety of vitamins and hormones in addition to vitamin C, and dewaxing solvents for petroleum refining.
Propanone is raw material for nail polish remover in cosmetics.
Propanone is one of the raw materials for synthesizing pyrethroids in pesticide industry.
Propanone is often used to wipe the black ink above the copper tube in the precision copper tube industry.
Industrial Uses:
Propanone is valuable solvent component in acrylic/nitrocellulose automotive lacquers.
Propanone is the solvent of choice in film coatings operations which use vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer formulations.
Other ketones that may be used in these film coating operations include methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl n-amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.
Propanone, blends of MIBK and MEK, methyl namyl ketone, ethyl n-amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone are all useful solvents for vinyl resin copolymers.
The presence of one of the slower evaporating ketones in the solvent blend prevents quick drying, improves flow, and gives blush resistance to the coating.
Propanone is also used as a resin thinner in polyester resins and as a clean up solvent for the resin reactor kettle.
In solvents industry, Propanone is a component of solvent blends in urethane, nitrile rubber, and neoprene industrial adhesives.
Propanone is the primary solvent in resin-type adhesives and pressure sensitive chlorinated rubber adhesives.
Propanone also can be used to extract fats, oils, waxes, and resins from natural products, to dewax lubricating oils, and to extract certain essential oils.
Propanone is also an important chemical intermediate in the preparation of several oxygenated solvents including the ketones, diPropanone alcohol, mesityl oxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, and isophorone.
Applications of Propanone:
Propanone is widely used as a solvent in industries such as paint, coatings, and adhesives.
Propanone is a common ingredient in nail polish removers, effectively dissolving and removing nail polish.
Propanone finds applications in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent for active ingredients and excipients.
Propanone is used in the synthesis of various chemicals, including methyl methacrylate and bisphenol-A.
Propanone is a valuable cleaning agent and degreaser, widely used in industrial settings.
Propanone is used in the formulation of paints, varnishes, and lacquers, aiding in their proper consistency.
Propanone is utilized in the production of printing inks, helping to dissolve ink components.
Propanone is employed in the extraction of natural products, such as essential oils from plants.
Propanone is used in the formulation of personal care products like perfumes and lotions.
Propanone is utilized in laboratories for various analytical and research purposes.
Propanone is involved in the production of synthetic fibers like rayon and acetate.
Propanone finds applications in the rubber industry, aiding in the extraction and processing of rubber.
Propanone is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, facilitating effective bonding.
Propanone is involved in the cleaning and degreasing of electronic components and printed circuit boards.
Propanone is utilized in the automotive industry for cleaning and degreasing auto parts and engines.
Propanone finds applications in analytical chemistry techniques such as chromatography and spectrophotometry.
Propanone is used in the formulation of toners and astringents in the cosmetics and skincare industry.
Propanone is involved in the cleaning of printing plates and removal of inks in the printing industry.
Propanone is used in the production of certain agrochemicals, including pesticides and herbicides.
Propanone finds applications in the production of surface coatings and laminates, such as automotive paints.
Propanone is used in the metalworking industry for cleaning and degreasing metal surfaces.
Propanone is employed as a solvent in the formulation of cleaning agents and household products.
Propanone is used in the production of fiberglass and composite materials.
Propanone finds applications in the production of synthetic rubber and plastic materials.
Propanone is involved in the formulation of solvents and cleaning solutions for various applications.
Propanone is used as a solvent for removing epoxy and resin-based adhesives.
Propanone finds applications in the cleaning and maintenance of glassware and laboratory equipment.
Propanone is employed in the formulation of paint strippers and graffiti removers.
Propanone is used in the production of composite materials, such as carbon fiber-reinforced plastics.
Propanone is involved in the formulation of industrial coatings and protective finishes.
Propanone finds applications in the production of foam plastics and polyurethane materials.
Propanone is used in the manufacturing of electronic components and printed circuit boards.
Propanone finds applications in the formulation of cleaning solutions for optical lenses and camera equipment.
Propanone is used in the recycling and recovery of certain plastics and polymers.
Propanone is employed in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical intermediates and active ingredients.
Propanone finds applications in the production of rubber and polymer-based sealants and gaskets.
Propanone is used in the formulation of rapid-drying inks and markers.
Propanone is involved in the production of solvents for cellulose-based materials, such as cellophane.
Propanone finds applications in the cleaning and maintenance of 3D printing equipment and surfaces.
Propanone is used as a solvent for cleaning and degreasing precision instruments and mechanical parts.
Propanone is employed in the production of solvents and solutions for industrial parts cleaning and degreasing.
Propanone finds applications in the formulation of solvents for the removal of graffiti and paint stains.
Propanone is used in the production of rubber and plastic-based adhesives.
Propanone is involved in the formulation of coatings for metal surfaces, providing protection against corrosion.
Propanone finds applications in the production of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles.
Propanone is used in the formulation of solvents for removing ink and dye stains from fabrics and textiles.
Propanone is employed in the production of automotive cleaning and maintenance products, including carburetor cleaners and brake cleaners.
Propanone finds applications in the formulation of solvents for cleaning and degreasing firearms and weapons.
Propanone is used in the production of solvents for cleaning and maintenance of aircraft and aerospace components.
Propanone is involved in the formulation of solvents for the cleaning and degreasing of marine equipment and surfaces.
Propanone has a wide range of applications across various industries.
Some of Propanone's key applications include:
Solvent:
Propanone is widely used as a solvent in many industries, including paint, coatings, varnishes, and adhesives.
Propanone effectively dissolves and removes various substances, making it a valuable cleaning agent and solvent for surface preparation.
Nail polish remover:
Propanone is a common ingredient in nail polish removers.
Propanone's solvent properties help dissolve and remove nail polish quickly and efficiently.
Pharmaceuticals:
Propanone is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent for various active ingredients and excipients during the formulation of medications.
Chemical synthesis:
Propanone serves as a reactant and solvent in the synthesis of numerous chemicals and organic compounds.
Propanone is a key component in the production of methyl methacrylate, bisphenol-A, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and other important chemicals.
Cleaning and degreasing:
Propanone's excellent solvent properties make it effective for cleaning and degreasing surfaces, machinery, and equipment in industrial settings.
Propanone is commonly used to remove oils, greases, and residues from metal parts.
Paint and coating industry:
Propanone is utilized in the formulation of paints, varnishes, and lacquers.
Propanone helps dissolve and disperse pigments and resins, aiding in the production of high-quality coatings.
Printing industry:
Propanone is used in the production of printing inks.
Propanone helps dissolve the ink components and facilitates smooth and consistent printing.
Extraction of natural products:
Propanone is employed in the extraction of natural products, such as essential oils from plants.
Propanone acts as a solvent, enabling the separation and concentration of the desired compounds.
Personal care products:
Propanone is used in the formulation of various personal care products, including perfumes, lotions, and cosmetics.
Propanone can act as a solvent for fragrance oils and other ingredients.
Laboratory and research:
Propanone finds applications in laboratories for various analytical and research purposes.
Propanone is used as a solvent for chemical reactions, sample preparation, and cleaning laboratory equipment.
Fuel additive:
Propanone can be used as a fuel additive, primarily in engines that use gasoline or diesel.
Propanone is believed to improve combustion efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
Fiber and textile industry:
Propanone is utilized in the production of synthetic fibers like rayon and acetate.
Propanone helps dissolve and spin the polymer solutions into fibers.
Rubber industry:
Propanone is involved in the production and processing of rubber.
Propanone aids in the extraction of rubber from latex and acts as a solvent for various rubber-related processes.
Adhesives and sealants:
Propanone is a common component in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Propanone helps dissolve and disperse adhesive ingredients, enabling effective bonding and sealing.
Electronics industry:
Propanone is used in the electronics industry for cleaning and degreasing electronic components and printed circuit boards.
Propanone helps remove solder flux, oils, and other contaminants.
Automotive industry:
Propanone finds applications in the automotive industry for cleaning and degreasing auto parts, engines, and machinery.
Propanone helps remove dirt, grime, and oil residues.
Analytical chemistry:
Propanone is employed as a common solvent in analytical chemistry techniques such as chromatography and spectrophotometry.
Propanone aids in sample preparation and analysis.
Cosmetics and skincare:
Propanone is used in the formulation of cosmetics and skincare products, such as toners and astringents.
Propanone can help remove excess oil and clean the skin.
Printing and photography:
Propanone is used in the printing and photography industry for cleaning printing plates and removing inks.
Propanone helps dissolve and remove ink residues.
Agrochemicals:
Propanone is involved in the production of certain agrochemicals, including pesticides and herbicides.
Propanone serves as a solvent and a reactant in the synthesis of these compounds.
Surface coatings and laminates:
Propanone is used in the production of surface coatings and laminates, including automotive paints, furniture finishes, and protective coatings.
Metalworking industry:
Propanone finds applications in metalworking for cleaning and degreasing metal surfaces before coating or processing.
Propanone helps remove oils, greases, and residues that could affect the quality of the finished products.
Chemical Properties of Propanone:
Keto/enol tautomerism:
Like most ketones, Propanone exhibits the keto–enol tautomerism in which the nominal keto structure (CH3) 2C=O of Propanone itself is in equilibrium with the enol isomer (CH3)C(OH)=(CH2) (prop-1-en-2-ol).
In Propanone vapor at ambient temperature, only 2.4×10−7% of the molecules are in the enol form.
Yet the enol form is chemically important in some chemical reactions.
Aldol condensation:
In the presence of suitable catalysts, two Propanone molecules also combine to form the compound diPropanone alcohol (CH3)C=O(CH2)C(OH)(CH3)2, which on dehydration gives mesityl oxide (CH3)C=O(CH)=C(CH3)
Propanone can further combine with another Propanone molecule, with loss of another molecule of water, yielding phorone and other compounds.
Polymerisation:
One might expect Propanone to also form polymers and (possibly cyclic) oligomers of two types.
In one type, units could be Propanone molecules linked by ether bridges –O– derived by from the opening of the double bond, to give a polyketal-like (PKA) chain [–O–C(CH3)2–]n.
The other type could be obtained through repeated aldol condensation, with one molecule of water removed at each step, yielding a poly(methylacetylene) (PMA) chain [–CH=C(CH3)–]n.
PKA type:
The conversion of Propanone to a polyketal (PKA) would be analogous to the formation of paraformaldehyde from formol, and of trithioPropanone from thioPropanone.
In 1960, Kargin, Kabanov and others observed that the thermodynamics of this process is unfavourable for liquid Propanone, so that Propanone (unlike thioPropanone and formol) is not expected to polymerise spontaneously, even with catalysts.
However, they observed that the thermodynamics became favourable for crystalline solid Propanone at the melting point (−96 °C).
They claimed to have obtained such a polymer (a white elastic solid, soluble in Propanone, stable for several hours at room temperature) by depositing vapor of Propanone, with some magnesium as a catalyst, onto a very cold surface.
In 1962, Wasaburo Kawai reported the synthesis of a similar product, from liquid Propanone cooled to −70 to −78 °C, using n-butyl lithium or triethylaluminium as catalysts.
He claimed that the infrared absorption spectrum showed the presence of –O– linkages but no C=O groups.
However, conflicting results were obtained later by other investigators.
PMA type:
The PMA type polymers of Propanone would be equivalent to the product of polymerisation of propyne, except for a keto end group.
Handling and Storage of Propanone:
Handling:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling Propanone, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing.
Ensure good ventilation in the working area to minimize the buildup of vapors.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.
Keep Propanone away from open flames, sparks, or any potential sources of ignition, as Propanone is highly flammable.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with Propanone.
Use suitable chemical-resistant containers and equipment for storage and handling.
Avoid breathing in vapors or mists.
If working with Propanone in an enclosed area, use appropriate respiratory protection.
Do not use Propanone near electrical equipment or in areas where static sparks may occur.
Storage:
Store Propanone in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep Propanone containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent evaporation and minimize the risk of fire.
Store Propanone separately from oxidizing agents, acids, and alkalis to avoid potential chemical reactions.
Use appropriate secondary containment measures, such as spill trays or cabinets, to prevent leakage or spills.
Clearly label storage containers with the name of the substance and appropriate hazard warnings.
Store Propanone away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers, strong acids, and bases.
Ensure proper grounding and bonding during transfer operations to minimize the risk of static discharge.
Keep storage areas secure and restrict access to authorized personnel only.
Regularly inspect storage areas for leaks, spills, or signs of damage.
Clean up any spills promptly using appropriate absorbent materials and dispose of them safely.
First Aid Measures of Propanone:
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove the affected person from the contaminated area to fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, provide oxygen if available and seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.
Do not use solvents or harsh chemicals to remove Propanone from the skin.
Eye Contact:
Rinse the eyes thoroughly with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelids open.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if the person feels no discomfort.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water, if the person is conscious and able to swallow.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.
General First Aid:
If any symptoms develop or persist, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide medical personnel with all relevant information, including the quantity and route of exposure.
Propanone is important to note that Propanone is a flammable substance, so keep away from open flames or ignition sources.
Identifiers of Propanone:
IUPAC Name: Propan-2-one
Chemical Formula: C₃H₆O
CAS Number: 67-64-1
Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol
SMILES Notation: CC(=O)C
InChI Key: CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
UN Number: 1090 (for transport)
Properties of Propanone:
Chemical formula: C3H6O
Molecular weight: 58.08 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, fruity odor
Melting point: -94.9°C (-138.8°F)
Boiling point: 56.1°C (132.9°F)
Density: 0.79 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, miscible with many organic solvents
Vapor pressure: 227 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor density: 2.0 (air = 1)
Flash point: -17.8°C (0°F)
Autoignition temperature: 465°C (869°F)
Refractive index: 1.358
Heat of vaporization: 31.3 kJ/mol
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid
Explosive limits: 2.6% to 13.0% (volume percent in air)
pH: Neutral (approximately 7)
Miscibility: Miscible with water, ethanol, methanol, ether, chloroform, and many organic solvents
Volatility: High volatility, evaporates quickly
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but can form explosive mixtures with air
Boiling Point: 56.05 °C (132.89 °F)
Melting Point: -94.7 °C (-138.5 °F)
Density: 0.7845 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F)
Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, and most other organic solvents.
Vapor Pressure: 24.46 kPa (at 20 °C)
