CATALPIC ACID
Catalpic acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid found primarily in the seeds of catalpa trees, with a melting point of 32 °C and a significant presence in the oil of these seeds.
Catalpic acid is known for its potential health benefits, including improving glucose homeostasis, decreasing abdominal fat deposition, and being used in the treatment of metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes and obesity.
In industrial applications, catalpic acid is used for producing stearates and as a lubricant, while its high thermal and oxidation stability makes it suitable for personal care products and various cosmetic formulations.
CAS Number: 4337-71-7
EC Number: 200-313-4
Molecular Formula: C18h30o2
Molecular Weight: 278.430
Synonyms: Catalpic acid, Eleostearic acid, 9E,11E,13Z-octadecatrienoic acid, (9E,11E,13Z)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid, 9(E),11(E),13(Z)-OCTADECATRIENOIC ACID, 4337-71-7, ELAEOSTERARIC ACID, 18:3(9E,11E,13Z), 13296-76-9, Eleostearic acid, .beta.-, 9,13-Octadecatrienoic acid, SCHEMBL1271926, SCHEMBL20787982, LMFA01030883, NSC407903, ZINC64219873, NSC-407903, trans,trans,cis-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid, Q646902, EleoCatalpic acid, 9E,11E,13Z-octadecatrienoic acid, (9E,11E,13Z)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid, 9(E),11(E),13(Z)-OCTADECATRIENOIC ACID, 4337-71-7, ELAEOSTERARIC ACID, 18:3(9E,11E,13Z), 13296-76-9, EleoCatalpic acid, .beta.-, 9,13-Octadecatrienoic acid, SCHEMBL1271926, SCHEMBL20787982, CHEBI:180171, LMFA01030883, NSC407903, ZINC64219873, NSC-407903, trans,trans,cis-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid, Q646902
Catalpic acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid.
The melting point of Catalpic acid is 32 °C.
Catalpic acid occurs naturally in the seeds of yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata) and southern catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides).
Seeds of Catalpa species contain about 40% catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is a non-toxic, natural, orally active compound.
Catalpic acid is naturally found in seeds of some ornamental trees, i.e., Catalpa ovata (Chinese Catalpa), Catalpa speciosa (Northern Catalpa), Catalpa bungei, or Catalpa bigninioides, representing 40 to 70 percent of the oil.
The presence of catalpic acid in the seeds of catalpa trees is well-known in the field.
Also, the capacity of triglyceride esters of catalpic acid to serve as drying oils in the fabrication of primers or adhesion or sealing compositions is well-known in the field.
For instance, U.S. Patent 6,451,439 to Okamoto teaches a method of effecting adhesion for sealing compositions.
However, this method does not teach the use of catalpa oil or catalpic acid to treat or prevent metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity or the Metabolic Syndrome.
Catalpic acid decreases abdominal fat deposition, improves glucose homeostasis and upregulates PPAR alpha expression in adipose tissue.
Catalpic acid may be administered to the animal in a single dose or in multiple doses.
This method utilizes the natural qualities of catalpic acid to treat and prevent type 2 diabetes and obesity in an animal, including mammals and humans.
Specifically, an amount effective to normalize impaired glucose tolerance, prevent hyperglycemia, prevent hyperinsulinemia, and minimize abdominal fat accumulation is administered.
While any of the catalpic acid forms may be used, in a preferred embodiment, the free acid form of catalpic acid is used.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the catalpic acid compound is administered orally to the animal.
The catalpic acid compound may also be administered parenterally, via injection or rectally.
The catalpic acid compound may be administered alone or in combination with a pharmaceutically suitable carrier or excipient.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a therapeutically effective amount of the catalpic acid compound is administered to an animal in combination with a nutritional food supplement.
Such supplements include but are not limited to infant formulas, children products, geriatric formulas, milk, cheese, kefir, cereal bars, weight management formulas, energy bars, other human foods, functional foods, and animal feed.
Catalpic acid may also be administered in combination with other active ingredients such as vitamins or other fatty acids.
The effective amount of the catalpic acid compound depends on the needs of the animal.
The formulations of catalpic acid disclosed in the present invention may be conveniently presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods well known in the art of pharmacy or nutrition.
Possible formulations include but are not limited to capsules, cachets, tablets, boluses or lozenges, each containing a predetermined amount of catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is a conjugated linolenic acid (CLN) isomer containing trans-9, trans-11, cis-13 double bonds in an 18-carbon chain and it is found primarily in the seed oil of ornamental.
Catalpic acid is an organic compound, a conjugated fatty acid and one of the isomers of octadecatrienoic acid.
Catalpic acid is often called simply eleoCatalpic acid although there is also a β-eleoCatalpic acid.
Catalpic acids high degree of unsaturation gives tung oil its properties as a drying oil.
In their pioneering work on essential fatty acids, compared the nutritional properties of Catalpic acid to that of its isomer alpha-linolenic acid.
Catalpic acid relieved essential fatty acid deficiency; ELA did not.
In rats, Catalpic acid is converted to a conjugated linoleic acid.
The compound has been found to induce programmed cell death of fat cells, and of HL60 leukemia cells in vitro at a concentration of 20 μM.
Diets containing 0.01% bitter gourd seed oil (0.006% as Catalpic acid) were found to prevent azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats.
Catalpic acid is found in the oils extracted from seeds.
Tung oil has 82% Catalpic acid.
Bitter gourd seed oil has 60% α-EleoCatalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is a natural product found in Neocarya macrophylla, Acioa longipendula, and other organisms with data available.
Catalpic acid is one of several major long-chain fatty acids comprising oils and fats.
Catalpic acid is presented in animal fats, oil and some kinds of vegetable oils as wellin the form of glycerides.
These oils, after hydrolysis, produce the Catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is a fatty acid widely existing in nature and has the general chemical properties of carboxylic acids.
Almost all kinds of fat and oil contain certain amount of Catalpic acid with the content in the animal fats being relative high.
For example, the content in the butter can reach up to 24% while the content in vegetable oil is relative low with the value in tea oil being 0.8% and the oil in palm being 6%.
However, the content in cocoa can reach as high as 34%.
There are two major approaches for industrial production of Catalpic acid, namely fractionation and compression method.
Add decomposition agent to the hydrogenated oil, and then hydrolyze to give the crude fatty acid, further go through washing with water, distillation, bleaching to obtain the finished products with glycerol as the byproduct.
Most domestic manufacturers use animal fat for production.
Some kinds of production technology will result in the incompletion of the distillation of fatty acid which produce stimulating odor at the time of the plastic processing and high temperatures.
Although these odor is of no toxic but they will have certain effect on the working conditions and the natural environment.
Most imported form of Catalpic acid takes vegetable oil as the raw materials, the production processes are more advanced; the produced Catalpic acid is of stable performance, good lubrication property and less odor in the application.
Catalpic acid is mainly used for the production of stearates such as sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, aluminum stearate, cadmium stearate, iron stearate, and potassium stearate.
The sodium or potassium salt of Catalpic acid is the component of soap.
Although sodium stearate has a less decontamination ability than sodium palmitate, but Catalpic acid's presence may increase the hardness of soap.
Take butter as raw material, go through sulfuric acid or pressurized method for decomposition.
The free fatty acids was first subject to water pressure method for removing the palmitic acid and oleic acid at 30~40 ℃, and then dissolved in ethanol, followed by addition of barium acetate or magnesium acetate which precipitates stearate. Then further add dilute sulfuric acid to get the free stearate acid, filter and take it, and re-crystallize in ethanol to obtain the pure Catalpic acid.
Pure product appears as white shiny soft small pieces.
Catalpic acid is slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, acetone, easily soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, amyl acetate and toluene.
Commercial fats produced by organic processes in plants are palm, coconut, palm kernel, sunflower, soybean, and other oils.
Their main components are triolein and triglyceryl esters of stearic, palmitic, myristic, lauric, oleic, and other fatty acids.
Catalpic acid is a refined hard fat extracted from fatty deposits of animals.
The molecules of most natural fatty acids have an even number of carbon chains due to the linkage together by ester units.
Analogous compounds of odd numbers carbon chain fatty acids can be made synthetically.
All fats are insoluble in water and have lighter weight than water.
Industrial fats can be sub-classified as fat, grease or oil depending on melting point.
Fats that are liquid at room temperature are referred to oil.
Grease has a higher initial viscosity than oil.
Catalpic acid is used as a lubricant.
Catalpic acids are produced by hydrolysis of the triglycerides.
Catalpic acids are produced by esterification reaction.
Coconut or palm oils are better source to get saturated fatty acids than sunflower, soybean or rapeseed oils which have more unsaturated fatty acids composition of triglycerides.
Catalpic acid is a low cost unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) and is a source of low boiling point fatty acids.
Catalpic acid is an alternative to tallow fatty acid in soap applications.
Catalpic acid is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain.
Catalpic acids name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow.
The salts and esters of Catalpic acid are called stearates.
As Catalpic acids ester, Catalpic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid.
Catalpic acid is obtained from fats and oils by the saponification of the triglycerides using hot water (about 100 °C).
The resulting mixture is then distilled.
Commercial Catalpic acid is often a mixture of stearic and palmitic acids, although purified Catalpic acid is available.
Fats and oils rich in Catalpic acid are more abundant in animal fat (up to 30%) than in vegetable fat (typically <5%).
The important exceptions are the foods cocoa butter (34%)and shea butter, where the Catalpic acid content (as a triglyceride) is 28–45%.
In terms of its biosynthesis, Catalpic acid is produced from carbohydrates via the fatty acid synthesis machinery wherein acetyl-CoA contributes two-carbon building blocks.
Catalpic acid is readily soluble in diethyl ether at room temperature and has the form of colorless crystals insoluble in water.
Catalpic acid is a saturated fatty acid, one of the most abundant fatty acids in nature.
Catalpic acid is found in lipids in the form of glycerides in most animal fats and to a lesser extent in many vegetable oils.
The molecular weight is 248.48 g / mol, the density is 0.94 g / ml.
Catalpic acid has a melting point of 69.6 ° C and a boiling point of 376.1 ° C.
Catalpic acid functions as both an emollient and co-emulsifier.
Catalpic acid acids are a light yellow liquid that functions both as an emollient and co-emulsifier in personal care formulations.
Catalpic acid is used as a smooth, dry sensation emollient that can help the skin to replenish its natural moisture.
Catalpic acid also serves as an extremely effective and stable co-emulsifier used in the preparation of Catalpic acid, Oily Water, low viscosity emulsion systems when neutralized.
When included in a formulation instead of Catalpic acid, Catalpic acids turn the oil feel into a non-greasy feel.
Applications of Catalpic acid include skin creams, lotions, moisturizing creams, color cosmetics, sunscreen preparations, and shower gel formulations.
Catalpic acid is a synthetically created fatty acid that is frequently used as a binder in skin and beauty products, although Catalpic acid is also seen in products as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Catalpic acid is used to thicken most formulations as a binder and emulsifier.
Catalpic acid is an extremely mild liquid fatty acid that gives a slight slippery feel and can be used in many skin care and color cosmetic applications.
Catalpic acid also offers film-forming properties, making it ideal for use in soaps, shaving foams and liquid cleaners.
Catalpic acid acid is a liquid fatty acid formed by the reaction of oleic acid with a natural mineral catalyst.
Catalpic acid acid production is based entirely on the main oil or fat.
Use to Catalpic acids high thermal, odor and oxidation stability, Catalpic acid is applied in various industries such as lubricants, personal care, chemical esters, textiles and packaging.
The branched nature of Catalpic acid increases its dispersion power as it is used in industrial and cosmetic applications for stabilization of pigments and mineral particles in oils and solvents.
Catalpic acid acid is a slightly branched, liquid fatty acid produced by the reaction of oleic acid with a natural mineral catalyst, there are no chemical additives in this reaction, Catalpic acid is 100% resistant to the base oil or fat.
Catalpic acid acid is used in applications requiring an oil acid with exceptional stability: thermal stability in the lubricant state, odor stability for a cosmetic formulation, and oxidation stability for products with long shelf life requirements.
The branching nature of Catalpic acid also increases the dispersion power and is used for stabilization of pigments and mineral particles in cosmetic and industrial applications, oils and solvents.
Catalpic acid acid has a larger molecular area and a much lower precipitation pressure than Catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid acid, a fatty acid, is a mixture of different forms of octadecanoic acid obtained from animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Catalpic acid can be prepared from many sources, including soybean oil or tallow.
An extremely soft oil fatty acid that gives a slight slippery feel and can be used in many skin care and color cosmetic applications.
Catalpic acid also offers film-forming properties, making it ideal for use in soaps, shaving foams and liquid cleansers.
Catalpic acid is an easily spreading oil alcohol.
Catalpic acid offers moisturizing properties and a very light, silky, soft dry skin feel.
Catalpic acids excellent liquidity and oxidation stability make Catalpic acid perfect for use in skincare and color cosmetics.
Catalpic acid acid is our unique, highly branched saturated fatty acid.
Unlike straight-chain fatty acids, Catalpic acid has some transparent and odorless properties.
In addition, Catalpic acid has excellent heat stability, oxidation resistance, pigment dispersion, defoaming properties and is compatible with various organic solvents.
The personal care industry is the main consumer of Catalpic acid, where Catalpic acid is used as a binder and emulsifier.
Catalpic acid acid differs from other C18 fatty acids in the same category in several ways.
While other C18 fatty acids are produced by splitting fats or oils, Catalpic acid is produced as a co-product of a tightly controlled reaction to synthesize dimerized fatty acids.
Catalpic acid acid is a slightly branched, liquid fatty acid produced by the reaction of oleic acid with a natural mineral catalyst, there are no chemical additives in this reaction, Catalpic acid is 100% resistant to the base oil or fat.
Catalpic acid acid is used in applications requiring an oil acid with exceptional stability: thermal stability in the lubricant state, odor stability for a cosmetic formulation, and oxidation stability for products with long shelf life requirements.
The branching nature of Catalpic acid also increases the dispersion power and is used for stabilization of pigments and mineral particles in cosmetic and industrial applications, oils and solvents.
Catalpic acid acid has a larger molecular area and a much lower precipitation pressure than Catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid acid, a fatty acid, is a mixture of different forms of octadecanoic acid obtained from animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Catalpic acid can be prepared from many sources, including soybean oil or tallow.
An extremely soft oil fatty acid that gives a slight slippery feel and can be used in many skin care and color cosmetic applications.
Catalpic acid also offers film-forming properties, making it ideal for use in soaps, shaving foams and liquid cleansers.
Catalpic acid is an easily spreading oil alcohol.
Catalpic acid offers moisturizing properties and a very light, silky, soft dry skin feel.
Catalpic acids excellent liquidity and oxidation stability make Catalpic acid perfect for use in skincare and color cosmetics.
Catalpic acid is one of several major long-chain fatty acids comprising oils and fats.
Catalpic acid is presented in animal fats, oil and some kinds of vegetable oils as wellin the form of glycerides.
These oils, after hydrolysis, produce the Catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is a fatty acid widely existing in nature and has the general chemical properties of carboxylic acids.
Almost all kinds of fat and oil contain certain amount of Catalpic acid with the content in the animal fats being relative high.
For example, the content in the butter can reach up to 24% while the content in vegetable oil is relative low with the value in tea oil being 0.8% and the oil in palm being 6%. However, the content in cocoa can reach as high as 34%.
There are two major approaches for industrial production of Catalpic acid, namely fractionation and compression method.
Add decomposition agent to the hydrogenated oil, and then hydrolyze to give the crude fatty acid, further go through washing with water, distillation, bleaching to obtain the finished products with glycerol as the byproduct.
Most domestic manufacturers use animal fat for production.
Some kinds of production technology will result in the incompletion of the distillation of fatty acid which produce stimulating odor at the time of the plastic processing and high temperatures.
Although these odor is of no toxic but they will have certain effect on the working conditions and the natural environment.
Most imported form of Catalpic acid takes vegetable oil as the raw materials, the production processes are more advanced; the produced Catalpic acid is of stable performance, good lubrication property and less odor in the application.
Catalpic acid is mainly used for the production of stearates such as sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, aluminum stearate, cadmium stearate, iron stearate, and potassium stearate.
The sodium or potassium salt of Catalpic acid is the component of soap.
Although sodium stearate has a less decontamination ability than sodium palmitate, but Catalpic acid's presence may increase the hardness of soap.
Take butter as raw material, go through sulfuric acid or pressurized method for decomposition.
The free fatty acids was first subject to water pressure method for removing the palmitic acid and oleic acid at 30~40 ℃, and then dissolved in ethanol, followed by addition of barium acetate or magnesium acetate which precipitates stearate.
Then further add dilute sulfuric acid to get the free stearate acid, filter and take it, and re-crystallize in ethanol to obtain the pure Catalpic acid.
Catalpic acid is widely used in cosmetics, plastics plasticizers, mold release agents, stabilizers, surfactants, rubber vulcanization accelerator, waterproof agent, polishing agent, metal soap, metal mineral flotation agents, softeners and pharmaceuticals as well as other organic chemicals.
Catalpic acid can also be used as the solvents of oil-soluble paint, crayons lubrication agent, stencil lighting agent and the emulsifier of Catalpic acid glyceride.
Catalpic acid can also be widely used in the manufacturing of PVC pipe, sheet material, profiles and film and is the PVC heat stabilizers with good lubricity and excellent stability against light and heat.
In the application of polyvinyl chloride pipe, Catalpic acid helps prevent the "coke" during the processing and is effective heat stabilizer during PVC film processing while also preventing the discoloration of the finished film discoloration caused by exposure.
Catalpic acid has become the additive for lubrication, plasticization and stabilization of the filled masterbatch.
Catalpic acid can effectively improve the coating activating effect of inorganic powder and increase the flow rate of materials.
When there is demand for a large flow rate of the melt for material with inorganic powder accounting for the most part, an appropriate increase in the content of Catalpic acid can significantly increase the melt flow rate of material.
However, the amount of Catalpic acid used in filled masterbatch also have threshold with its amount being controlled in about 1% of the total mass.
If the added amount is over-excessive, Catalpic acid will not only cause the decrease of the quality and the performance of plastic products but also generate sticky substance in the die lip location of the manufacturing equipment of the plastic products, affecting the production efficiency and product quality.
The mono-or multi-alcohol ester of Catalpic acid can be used as cosmetics, nonionic surfactants and plasticizers.
Catalpic acids alkali metal salt can be dissolved in water and is a major component of soap.
Other kinds of salts can be used as waterproofing agents, lubricants, bactericides, coating additives and PVC stabilizers.
Catalpic acid can be used as natural rubber, synthetic rubber (except butyl rubber) and latex curing active agent.
Catalpic acid can also be used as raw material of plastic plasticizer and stabilizer.
Catalpic acid can be used for the preparation of ointments, suppositories, etc., as well as being used in the manufacture of cosmetics, candles, waterproof agent and polishing agent.
Catalpic acid can be used as a lubricant, defoamers and food additives in the food industry as well as the raw materials of glycerol stearate, Catalpic acid sorbitol anhydride esters and sucrose esters.
Catalpic acid can also be used as standard reference product for gas analysis as well as the preparation of soap, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and other organic chemicals.
Uses of Catalpic Acid:
In general, the applications of Catalpic acid exploit its bifunctional character, with a polar head group that can be attached to metal cations and a nonpolar chain that confers solubility in organic solvents.
The combination leads to uses as a surfactant and softening agent.
Catalpic acid undergoes the typical reactions of saturated carboxylic acids.
Catalpic acid is an emulsifier and thickening agent found in many vegetable fats.
Catalpic acid is the main ingredient used in making bar soaps and lubricants.
Catalpic acid occurs naturally in butter acids, tallow, cascarilla bark, and in other animal fats and oils.
Catalpic acid may cause allergic reactions in people with sensitive skin and is considered somewhat comedogenic.
Catalpic acid is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong bases.
Catalpic acid is also incompatible with reducing agents.
Catalpic acid can be used as natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex curing active agent.
Catalpic acid can also be used as raw material of plastic plasticizer and stabilizer.
Catalpic acid can be used for the preparation of ointments, suppositories, etc., as well as being used in the manufacture of cosmetics, candles, waterproof agent and polishing agent.
Catalpic acid can be used as a lubricant, defoamers and food additives in the food industry as well as the raw materials of glycerol stearate, Catalpic acid sorbitol anhydride esters and sucrose esters.
Catalpic acid can also be used as standard reference product for gas analysis as well as the preparation of soap, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and other organic chemicals.
Catalpic acid is mainly used in the production of detergents, soaps, and cosmetics such as shampoos and shaving cream products.
Soaps are not made directly from Catalpic acid, but indirectly by saponification of triglycerides consisting of Catalpic acid esters.
Esters of Catalpic acid with ethylene glycol, glycol stearate, and glycol distearate are used to produce a pearly effect in shampoos, soaps, and other cosmetic products.
Catalpic acids are added to the product in molten form and allowed to crystallize under controlled conditions.
Detergents are obtained from amides and quaternary alkylammonium derivatives of Catalpic acid.
Lubricants, softening and release agents.
In view of the soft texture of the sodium salt, which is the main component of soap, other salts are also useful for their lubricating properties.
Lithium stearate is an important component of grease.
Catalpic acids of zinc, calcium, cadmium, and lead are used to soften PVC.
Catalpic acid is used along with castor oil for preparing softeners in textile sizing.
They are heated and mixed with caustic potash or caustic soda.
Related salts are also commonly used as release agents, e.g. in the production of automobile tires.
As an example, Catalpic acid can be used to make castings from a plaster piece mold or waste mold, and to make a mold from a shellacked clay original.
In this use, powdered Catalpic acid is mixed in water and the suspension is brushed onto the surface to be parted after casting.
This reacts with the calcium in the plaster to form a thin layer of calcium stearate, which functions as a release agent.
When reacted with zinc Catalpic acid forms zinc stearate, which is used as a lubricant for playing cards to ensure a smooth motion when fanning.
Catalpic acid is a common lubricant during injection molding and pressing of ceramic powders.
Catalpic acid is also used as a mold release for foam latex that is baked in stone molds.
Catalpic acid is used as an emulsifier in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
Catalpic acid is used as an auxiliary material in textile.
Catalpic acid is used as an accelerator and softener activator in rubber.
Catalpic acid is used in making candles and crayon.
Catalpic acid is used to harden the soap.
Catalpic acid is used to cover metal powders such as aluminum and iron in fireworks production.
Thus, Catalpic acid prolongs the waiting period of the material by preventing oxidation.
Catalpic acid provides hardening by using with glucose in candies.
Applications of Catalpic Acid:
Catalpic acid is part of pharmaceuticals; used as a component of greases.
In cosmetics, Catalpic acid is used as a mixture stabilizer and emulsifier in the production of cosmetic creams and lotions, while it is also used as a thickener in soap making, which makes soap hard and matte.
Catalpic acid salt, which has good cleaning properties, is generally used in soap production.
Catalpic acid is used in the food industry as a food additive - emulsifier, foam stabilizer, polishing agent and antifoam with the index "E570 Fatty acids".
Catalpic acid is also used in wax and rubber production, grease production, and stearin (often mixed with palmitic and / or oleic acids).
Catalpic acid is widely used in cosmetics, plastics plasticizers, mold release agents, stabilizers, surfactants, rubber vulcanization accelerator, waterproof agent, polishing agent, metal soap, metal mineral flotation agents, softeners and pharmaceuticals as well as other organic chemicals.
Catalpic acid can also be used as the solvents of oil-soluble paint, crayons lubrication agent, stencil lighting agent and the emulsifier of Catalpic acid glyceride.
Catalpic acid can also be widely used in the manufacturing of PVC pipe, sheet material, profiles and film and is the PVC heat stabilizers with good lubricity and excellent stability against light and heat.
In the application of polyvinyl chloride pipe, Catalpic acid helps prevent the "coke" during the processing and is effective heat stabilizer during PVC film processing while also preventing the discoloration of the finished film discoloration caused by exposure.
Catalpic acid has become the additive for lubrication, plasticization and stabilization of the filled masterbatch.
Catalpic acid can effectively improve the coating activating effect of inorganic powder and increase the flow rate of materials.
When there is demand for a large flow rate of the melt for material with inorganic powder accounting for the most part, an appropriate increase in the content of Catalpic acid can significantly increase the melt flow rate of material.
However, the amount of Catalpic acid used in filled masterbatch also have threshold with its amount being controlled in about 1% of the total mass.
If the added amount is over-excessive, Catalpic acid will not only cause the decrease of the quality and the performance of plastic products but also generate sticky substance in the die lip location of the manufacturing equipment of the plastic products, affecting the production efficiency and product quality.
The mono-or multi-alcohol ester of Catalpic acid can be used as cosmetics, nonionic surfactants and plasticizers.
Catalpic acids alkali metal salt can be dissolved in water and is a major component of soap. Other kinds of salts can be used as waterproofing agents, lubricants, bactericides, coating additives and PVC stabilizers.
There are two major approaches for industrial production of Catalpic acid, namely fractionation and compression method.
Add decomposition agent to the hydrogenated oil, and then hydrolyze to give the crude fatty acid, further go through washing with water, distillation, bleaching to obtain the finished products with glycerol as the byproduct.
Compression method takes animal oil as raw material.
Heat the cotton seed oil, rice bran oil, or soybean oil in the presence of a hydrolyzing agent under normal pressure to boiling with hydrolysis of 1.5 h and harden to saturated fatty acid.
Use the C10~C20 and C18~C20 fraction of the synthetic fatty acid as raw materials, go through melting, pickling (with 1% sulfuric acid) mold, pressing, melting, pickling, dehydrating and crystallization to obtain it.
Catalpic acid can be obtained through the low-temperature segment separation of the mixed fatty acid.
Catalpic acid can also be made through the hydrogenation of oleic acid.
Chemical Properties of Catalpic Acid:
Catalpic acid is a white or colorless, waxlike solid with a melting point of 70°C (158 OF), and a boiling point of 232°C (450 OF) at 2 kPa.
Catalpic acid is soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform,and is insolublein water.
Catalpic acid, nature's most common fatty acid, is derived from natural animal and vegetable fats.
Catalpic acid is used in the preparation of metallic stearates, as a lubricant, and in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, candles, and food packaging.
Catalpic acid is a hard, white or faintly yellow-colored, somewhat glossy, crystalline solid or a white or yellowish white powder.
Catalpic acid has a slight odor and taste suggesting tallow.
Manufacturing of Catalpic Acid:
Catalpic acid is manufactured through a multi-step process starting with the collection of plant materials from Catalpa species, such as Catalpa bignonioides or Catalpa speciosa.
The raw plant parts, including leaves and fruits, are thoroughly cleaned and dried to prepare them for extraction.
The dried plant material is then ground into a fine powder to enhance extraction efficiency.
Using organic solvents like ethanol, methanol, or acetone, the powdered plant material undergoes extraction through methods such as maceration, percolation, or Soxhlet extraction.
The resulting extract is filtered to remove solid residues and then concentrated by solvent evaporation.
Purification of catalpic acid involves chromatographic techniques like column chromatography or preparative HPLC to isolate the compound from the concentrated extract.
The purified catalpic acid is then recrystallized to achieve high purity, followed by drying to remove any residual solvents.
Quality control tests, including High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy, ensure the identity and purity of the final product.
The final catalpic acid is formulated and packaged in suitable containers to protect it from environmental factors.
Throughout the manufacturing process, safety protocols are strictly followed, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and proper waste management.
Compliance with regulatory standards and maintaining detailed documentation are essential for ensuring the quality and safety of the manufactured catalpic acid.
Handling and Storage of Catalpic Acid:
Handling:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE including gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats to prevent direct contact with catalpic acid.
Ventilation:
Ensure good ventilation in the work area to avoid inhalation of any dust or fumes.
Avoidance of Contamination:
Handle catalpic acid with clean tools and containers to prevent contamination.
Spills:
Clean up spills immediately using appropriate absorbents and dispose of waste according to regulations.
Storage:
Conditions:
Store catalpic acid in a cool, dry place, away from direct light and moisture.
Containers:
Use airtight, light-resistant containers to prevent exposure to air and light, which can affect stability.
Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the chemical name, hazards, and storage conditions.
Stability and Reactivity of Catalpic Acid:
Stability:
Chemical Stability:
Catalpic acid is generally stable under normal storage conditions but may degrade when exposed to strong acids, bases, or oxidizing agents.
Thermal Stability:
Catalpic acid can decompose at high temperatures, so avoid exposure to excessive heat.
Reactivity:
Reactions:
Catalpic acid may react with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents, potentially causing degradation or the release of harmful fumes.
Incompatibilities:
Avoid contact with reactive chemicals that could cause unwanted reactions or hazards.
First Aid Measures of Catalpic Acid:
Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or if exposure is severe.
Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms persist.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.
Provide the product label or safety data sheet to the medical personnel.
Firefighting Measures of Catalpic Acid:
Extinguishing Media:
Suitable Extinguishers:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (CO₂) extinguishers to combat fires involving catalpic acid.
Unsuitable Extinguishers:
Avoid using water on electrical fires or large fires where the product might be involved.
Firefighting Procedures:
Protective Equipment:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective clothing to prevent inhalation of fumes and contact with skin.
Containment:
Prevent runoff from firefighting efforts from contaminating waterways or sewers.
Accidental Release Measures of Catalpic Acid:
Personal Precautions:
Protection:
Wear appropriate PPE to avoid direct contact with the released material.
Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the area of the spill.
Containment and Cleanup:
Containment:
Use barriers or absorbent materials to contain the spill and prevent spread.
Cleanup:
Collect the spilled material using appropriate tools and dispose of Catalpic acid according to local regulations.
Clean the area thoroughly with water and suitable cleaning agents.
Environmental Precautions:
Prevention:
Prevent the release from entering drains, sewers, or waterways to avoid environmental contamination.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective of Catalpic Acid:
Exposure Limits:
Occupational Exposure Limits:
Follow local regulations for permissible exposure limits for catalpic acid, if applicable.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Respiratory Protection:
Use appropriate respiratory protection if exposure limits are exceeded or if working in an inadequately ventilated area.
Skin Protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves and protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles or face shields to protect eyes from splashes or dust.
Work Practices:
Implement good hygiene practices, including washing hands and face before eating or drinking.
Identifiers of Catalpic Acid:
CAS NUMBER: 4337-71-7
EC NUMBER: 200-313-4
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C18H30O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 278.430
IUPAC name: (9E,11E,13Z)-Octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
CAS Number: 4337-71-7
EC Number: 236-317-8
Chemical formula: C18H30O2
Molar mass: 278.44 g
ChemSpider: 4532629
PubChem CID: 5385589
Melting point: 32 °C (90 °F; 305 K)
Preferred IUPAC name: (9E,11E,13Z)-Octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
Average mass: 278.430 Da
Monoisotopic mass: 278.224579 Da
ChemSpider ID: 4532629
IUPAC Name: 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid
Chemical Formula: C15H10O4
CAS Number: 446-04-4
Molecular Weight: 238.24 g/mol
SMILES Notation: COC1=CC2=C(C(=O)O)C(=CC2=C1)O
InChI (International Chemical Identifier): InChI=1S/C15H10O4/c1-19-13-5-3-9(7-11(13)17)15(16)10-6-12(18)14(2)8-4-10/h3-8,18H,1-2H3,(H,16,17)
InChIKey: QJHLTQQJZNXXIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Properties of Catalpic Acid:
Boiling point: 390.6±11.0 °C(Predicted)
density: 0.924±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
pka: 4.78±0.10(Predicted)
Appearance: Typically a crystalline solid or powder.
Color: White or off-white.
Odor: Generally odorless or faintly aromatic.
Molecular Formula: C15H10O4.
Molecular Weight: 238.24 g/mol.
Melting Point: Approximately 224°C (435°F).
Boiling Point: Not readily available; often decomposes before boiling.
Appearance: white, solid
Melting point: 32 °C
Solubility in water: Insoluble
XLogP3: 6.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 13
Exact Mass: 278.224580195
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.224580195
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Complexity: 301
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 3
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Specifications of Catalpic Acid:
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder.
Odor: Odorless or faintly aromatic.
Purity: Typically ≥ 98% (by HPLC or other analytical methods).
Moisture Content: ≤ 1% (determined by methods like Karl Fischer titration).
Melting Point: 224°C (435°F).
Boiling Point: Not readily available; decomposes before boiling.
Solubility:
In Water: Limited solubility.
In Organic Solvents: Soluble in ethanol, methanol, acetone.
Molecular Formula: C15H10O4.
Molecular Weight: 238.24 g/mol.
pKa: Approximately 4.3.
Identification: Should match spectral data (e.g., NMR, UV-Vis) with known standards.
