PHOTOINITIATOR 127
Photoinitiator 127 is a highly efficient UV curing additive used to initiate the photopolymerization of reactive prepolymers, such as acrylates, in combination with mono- or multifunctional monomers.
When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, Photoinitiator 127 initiates a polymerization reaction, leading to the rapid curing of materials, making it highly valuable in applications requiring fast curing and durable finishes.
Photoinitiator 127 is especially suitable for all types of pigmented UV inks (offset, screen, flexo, and inkjet) and clear coatings, particularly in thin coatings like overprint varnishes, as well as in various coating applications.
CAS Number: 71868-10-5
EC Number: 615-734-7
Molecular Formula: C15H19NO2S
Molecular Weight: 277.38 g/mol
Synonyms: 1, 1'-(Methylendi-4,1-phenylen)bis(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propanon), 1,1'-(Methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bis(2-hydroxy -2-methyl-1-propanone), 1,1′-(Methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bis(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propanone), 1,1′-(Methylenedi-4,1 -phenylene)bis(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one), 1-Propanone, 1,1′-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bis[2-hydroxy-2-methyl-, 2-Hydroxy -1-(4-(4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyl)benzyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-one, 2-Hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyl)benzyl]phenyl}-2-methylpropan-1-one, 444-860-9, 474510-57-1, IZJ9BVRDO7, QX1&1&VR, D1R, DVXQ1&1, 1,1′-(Methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one), 1,1-(Methylene-di-4,1-phenylene)bis [2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propanone], 1,1′-(METHYLENE-DI-4,1-PHENYLENE)BIS[2-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-1-PROPANONE], 1,1′-[Methylenedi(4,1-phenylene)]bis(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one), 1-Propanone, 1,1′-(methylene-di-4,1-phenylene) bis[2-hydroxy-2-methyl-, 2-HYDROXY-1-(4-{[4-(2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPANOYL)PHENYL]METHYL}PHENYL)-2-METHYLPROPAN-1-ONE
Photoinitiator 127 is a type of photoinitiator used primarily in UV-curable coatings, inks, adhesives, and other materials that require curing by ultraviolet (UV) light.
Photoinitiators are chemicals that absorb UV light and initiate a polymerization reaction, leading to the hardening or curing of the material.
Photoinitiator 127 is a highly efficient UV curing additive which is used to initiate the photopolymerisation of reactive prepolymers - e.g. acrylates.
In combination with mono- or multifunctional monomers.
Photoinitiator 127, also known as 2-Methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one, is a crucial compound used in UV-curable systems.
Photoinitiator 127 is a white to off-white crystalline powder that plays a vital role in industries such as coatings, printing inks, adhesives, 3D printing, and electronics.
When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, Photoinitiator 127 initiates a polymerization reaction, leading to the rapid curing of materials.
This property makes Photoinitiator 127 highly valuable in applications where fast curing and durable finishes are required, such as in protective coatings, high-speed printing processes, and UV-cured adhesives.
The synthesis of Photoinitiator 127 involves a series of organic reactions, beginning with the condensation of 4-methylthiobenzaldehyde with acetone, followed by a Michael addition with morpholine, and concluding with purification steps to ensure high purity and quality.
Its ability to efficiently initiate curing under UV light makes Photoinitiator 127 indispensable in modern manufacturing processes that rely on UV-curable technologies.
Photoinitiator 127 is completely aligned with market requirements in terms of productivity and emission.
This new photo-initiator is remarkable by Photoinitiator 127:
Excellent reactivity i.e. superiority over conventional aHydroxyketones like Photoinitiator 184 or DAROCUR 1173;
Low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition;
Low emission and odor after curing.
Photoinitiator 127 is especially suitable for all types of pigmented UV-inks (offset, screen, flexo and Ink Jet) and Clear coatings, in particular in thin coatings like overprint varnishes but also in a variety of coating applications.
Photoinitiator 127 is a highly efficient Type I Photoinitiator that may be used to initiate the photo polymerization of unsaturated pre-polymers like acrylates – in combination with mono- or multifunctional monomers.
Photoinitiator 127 is especially suitable for all types of pigmented UV inks (offset, screen, flexo and inkjet) and clear coatings, particularly in thin coatings (such as overprint varnishes) but also in a variety of coating applications.
Photoinitiator 127 is 2-hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl)-benzyl]-phenyl}-2-methylpropan-1-one.
Photoinitiator 127 is used acts as a photoinitiator.
Possesses low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition, low volatility and low emission or odor after curing.
Compatible with unsaturated polyesters- (UPES) and acrylated systems.
Photoinitiator 127 is used curing unpigmented clear coatings or for surface curing in highly pigmented systems.
Suitable for clear & pigmented wood, plastics and metal coating, UV-stabilized clear coatings, and powder coatings.
Photoinitiator 127 is recommended for overprint varnish, offset-, flexo-, and screen inks.
Photoinitiator is a highly efficient Type I Photoinitiator that may be used to initiate the photo polymerization of unsaturated pre-polymers like acrylates – in combination with mono- or multifunctional monomers.
Photoinitiator is especially suitable for all types of pigmented UV inks (offset, screen, flexo and inkjet) and clear coatings, particularly in thin coatings (such as overprint varnishes) but also in a variety of coating applications.
Photoinitiator 127 is a highly efficient UV-curing additive used to initiate the photo polymerization of unsaturated prepolymers – e.g., acrylates – in combination with mono- or multifunctional monomers.
This off-white powder is completely aligned with market requirements in terms of productivity and emission.
Photoinitiator 127 may be used alone or in combination with suitable coinitiators (e.g., Photoinitiator 379, Lucirin TPO for UV-curable inks and in coating formulations for applications on paper, wood, metal and plastic materials).
Photoinitiator 127 red-shifted absorption spectrum makes Photoinitiator 127 especially suitable for UV-curable inks and in general semi-opaque systems.
In these applications Photoinitiator 127 delivers properties such as very high curing speed and low odor.
In UV-curable inks Photoinitiator 127 gives (in combination with other photoinitiators) outstanding surface-curing properties.
Uses of Photoinitiator 127:
Photoinitiator 127 is primarily used in applications that involve UV-curable systems.
Photoinitiator 127's main uses include:
UV-Curable Coatings:
Photoinitiator 127 is used in protective and decorative coatings for various substrates like wood, metal, plastic, and paper.
Photoinitiator 127 is used in coatings that cure upon exposure to UV light, offering fast curing times and durable finishes.
Provides fast curing, excellent hardness, and resistance to scratches and chemicals.
Printing Inks:
Employed in inks used in offset printing, flexography, and screen printing.
Allows for rapid curing, which is essential for high-speed printing processes.
Photoinitiator 127 also ensures good adhesion and durability of the printed material.
Adhesives:
Utilized in UV-curable adhesives for bonding various materials, including plastics, glass, and metals.
Offers strong bond strength, quick curing times, and stability under UV exposure.
3D Printing:
Found in UV-curable resins used in stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technologies.
Enables high-resolution printing with quick layer curing, leading to the efficient production of detailed models and prototypes.
Electronics:
Photoinitiator 127 is used in the production of electronic components where UV-curable coatings are applied to protect circuits and other sensitive parts.
Provides a protective layer that is resistant to environmental factors, ensuring the longevity and reliability of electronic devices.
Nail Gels and Artificial Nails:
Incorporated in nail gels and other UV-curable nail products.
Ensures quick curing under UV lamps, providing durable, glossy finishes that are resistant to chipping.
Optical Lenses:
Photoinitiator 127 is used in the production of UV-cured coatings for optical lenses, including eyeglasses and contact lenses.
Offers high transparency and scratch resistance, essential for optical clarity and durability.
Applications of Photoinitiator 127:
Photoinitiator 127 may be used after adequate testing alone or in combination with suitable co-initiators, such as Photoinitiator 379, Photoinitiator 819 for UV curable inks and in coating formulations for applications on paper, wood, metal and plastic materials.
Photoinitiator 127 red-shifted absorption spectrum makes Photoinitiator 127 especially suitable for UV curable inks and in general semi opaque systems.
In these applications Photoinitiator 127 delivers properties like very high cure speed and low odor.
In UV curable inks Photoinitiator 127 gives (in combination with other photoinitiators) outstanding surface cure properties.
Low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition associated with reduced emission are of particular interest for overprint varnishes and for top coats for wood parquets
In UV curable cationic inks and coatings the use of Photoinitiator 127 as a co-initiator together with e.g. Photoinitiator 250 has been demonstrated to result in an exceptionally high-performance formulation.
The amount of Photoinitiator 127 required for optimum performance should be determined in trials covering a concentration range.
Photoinitiator 127 may be used alone or in combination with suitable co-initiators (e.g., Photoinitiator 379, Photoinitiator TPO for UV-curable inks and in coating formulations for applications on paper, wood, metal and plastic materials).
Photoinitiator 127 red-shifted absorption spectrum makes Photoinitiator 127 especially suitable for UV-curable inks and in general semi-opaque systems.
In these applications Photoinitiator 127 delivers properties such as very high curing speed and low odor.
In UV-curable inks Photoinitiator 127 gives (in combination with other photoinitiators) outstanding surface-curing properties.
Low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition associated with reduced emission are of particular interest for overprint varnishes and for top coats for wood parquets.
In UV-curable cationic inks and coatings, the use of Photoinitiator 127 as a co-initiator together with, e.g.,
Photoinitiator 250 has been demonstrated to result in an exceptional high-performance formulation.
Formulated product properties will depend on the actual reactive monomers, oligomers and additives utilized.
Recommended Addition levels of Photoinitiator 127:
The amount of Omnirad 127 as supplied required for optimum performance should be determined in trialscovering a concentration range: clear coats 1.0 – 6.0 %
inks (free-radical systems) 2.0 – 5.0 %, combined with other photoinitiators (e.g., Photoinitiator 379 or Omnirad 819)
inks (cationic systems) 0.5 – 2.0 % combined with other photoinitiators (e.g., Photoinitiator 250)
Features and Benefits of Photoinitiator 127:
Photoinitiator 127 is completely aligned with market requirements in terms of productivity and emission.
This photoinitiator is remarkable by Photoinitiator 127:
Excellent reactivity, i.e., superiority over conventional α-hydroxy-ketones
Low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition,
Low emission and odor after curing.
Synthesis of Photoinitiator 127:
Starting Materials:
4-Methylthiobenzaldehyde (C8H8OS):
This compound provides the aromatic ring with a methylthio group attached, which is crucial for the photoinitiating properties.
Morpholine (C4H9NO):
A heterocyclic amine that introduces the morpholine group into the molecule.
Acetone (C3H6O):
Acts as a solvent and a reactant in the synthesis process.
Base Catalyst:
Often a base like potassium carbonate (K2CO3) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used to facilitate the reaction.
Key Reaction Steps:
Aldol Condensation:
The synthesis begins with the reaction of 4-methylthiobenzaldehyde with acetone under basic conditions.
This reaction forms an intermediate compound that has a double bond between the aromatic ring and the carbonyl group of the acetone derivative.
Michael Addition:
The intermediate compound then undergoes a Michael addition reaction with morpholine.
This step involves the addition of morpholine to the double bond, resulting in the formation of a ketone group adjacent to the aromatic ring.
Final Product Formation:
The final product, 2-Methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one, is formed after purification processes, which typically include crystallization, washing, and drying.
Purification:
The crude product obtained after the synthesis is purified by recrystallization or other suitable methods to remove impurities and obtain the pure photoinitiator.
Production:
The production of Photoinitiator 127 is usually carried out on an industrial scale in specialized chemical manufacturing facilities.
The process involves careful control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pH, and reaction time, to ensure high yield and purity.
The final product is typically a white to off-white crystalline powder, which is then packaged and distributed for use in various applications.
Handling and Storage of Photoinitiator 127:
Handling:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Ensure good ventilation in the working area.
Wear appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and safety goggles.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep the container tightly closed to avoid contamination.
Reactivity and Stability of Photoinitiator 127:
Reactivity:
Photoinitiator 127 is generally stable under recommended storage conditions.
However, Photoinitiator 127 may react when exposed to strong oxidizing agents.
Stability:
Stable under normal storage conditions but should be kept away from sources of UV light and heat to prevent premature activation.
First Aid Measures of Photoinitiator 127:
Inhalation:
Move the person to fresh air.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Wash with plenty of soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Seek medical attention if irritation occurs.
Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Fire-Fighting Measures of Photoinitiator 127:
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Specific Hazards:
May produce toxic fumes under fire conditions, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and sulfur oxides.
Protective Equipment:
Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Accidental Release Measures of Photoinitiator 127:
Personal Precautions:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Avoid dust formation and ensure adequate ventilation.
Environmental Precautions:
Prevent material from entering drains or watercourses.
Cleanup:
Sweep up and place in suitable containers for disposal.
Clean the area thoroughly.
Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Photoinitiator 127:
Engineering Controls:
Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas.
Personal Protective Equipment:
Eye Protection:
Safety goggles or face shield.
Skin Protection:
Protective gloves and suitable clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respiratory Protection:
Use a dust mask or respirator in poorly ventilated areas.
Body Protection:
Protective clothing to prevent exposure.
Identification of Photoinitiator 127:
CAS Number: 474510-57-1
Name: Photoinitiator 127
SMILES: CC(C)(C(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)CC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)C(C)(C)O)O
StdInChI: InChI=1S/C21H24O4/c1-20(2,24)18(22)16-9-5-14(6-10-16)13-15-7-11-17(12-8-15)19(23)21(3,4)25/h5-12,24-25H,13H2,1-4H3
StdInChIKey: PCKZAVNWRLEHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C21H24O4
Molecular Weight: 340.413
Chemical Name: 2-Methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one
CAS Number: 71868-10-5
Molecular Formula: C15H19NO2S
Molecular Weight: 277.38 g/mol
EC Number: 615-734-7
PubChem CID: 86261 (Identifier in PubChem database)
Physical Properties of Photoinitiator 127:
Appearance: off-white powder
Melting point: 82-90°C (strongly dependent on measurement conditions)
Solubility at 22°C (g/100 g solution):
DAROCUR 1173: 40 %
Tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA): 15 %
TMPTA: 15 %
EBECRYL 160: 15 %
OTA 480: >15 %
DPHA: 5 %
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Molecular Weight: 277.38 g/mol
Melting Point: Approximately 73-77°C
Boiling Point: Not typically reported, as it decomposes before boiling
Solubility:
Soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol
Slightly soluble in water
Density: Not readily available, but typically less dense than water due to organic nature
Odor: Mild, characteristic odor
Additional Typical Properties of Photoinitiator 127:
Melting point (dependent on method): 82 – 90 °C (180 – 194 °F)
Solubility at 20 °C (68 °F):
hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) - ~ 15 % by weight
trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) - ~ 15 % by weight
tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA) - ~ 15 % by weight
Recommended concentrations of Photoinitiator 127:
clears: 1 –6% - Photoinitiator 127
inks (free radical systems): 2 – 5 % Photoinitiator 127 combined with other PIs like e.g. Photoinitiator 379 or Photoinitiator 819.
Inks (cationic systems): 0,5 – 2 % Photoinitiator 127 combined with other PI such as Photoinitiator 250
