1-9 A-D E-G H-M N-P Q-S T-Z

PROPİLEN KARBONAT (PROPYLENE CARBONATE) PROPILEN KARBONAT

 

Propilen karbonat (çoğunlukla PC olarak kısaltılır), C4H6O3 formülüne sahip organik bir bileşiktir. Propilen glikolden türetilen siklik bir karbonat esterdir.

 Bu renksiz ve kokusuz sıvı, polar, aprotik bir çözücü olarak kullanışlıdır. Propilen karbonat şiraldir, ancak çoğu bağlamda yalnızca rasemik karışım olarak kullanılır.

Birçok organik karbonat fosgen kullanılarak üretilmesine rağmen, propilen ve etilen karbonatlar istisnalardır. Esas olarak epoksitlerin karbonasyonu ile hazırlanırlar (burada epoksipropan veya propilen oksit):

 

CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO

Bu epoksitlerin üretimi karbondioksit tükettiği için süreç özellikle çekicidir. Dolayısıyla bu reaksiyon, yeşil bir sürecin iyi bir örneğidir. 1,2-propandiolün fosgen ile karşılık gelen reaksiyonu karmaşıktır ve sadece propilen karbonat değil, aynı zamanda oligomerik ürünler de verir.

 

Propilen karbonat ayrıca çinko asetat üzerinden üre ve propilen glikolden sentezlenebilir.

 

Başvurular

Bir çözücü olarak

Propilen karbonat, polar, aprotik bir çözücü olarak kullanılır. Aseton (2.91 D) ve etil asetattan (1.78 D) önemli ölçüde daha yüksek moleküler dipol momentine (4.9 D) sahiptir.

Örneğin, potasyum, sodyum ve diğer alkali metalleri, bunların klorürlerinin ve propilen karbonat içinde çözülmüş diğer tuzlarının elektroliziyle elde etmek mümkündür.

 

64'lük yüksek dielektrik sabiti nedeniyle, genellikle düşük viskoziteli bir çözücü (örneğin dimetoksietan) ile birlikte lityum pillerde elektrolitlerin yüksek geçirgenlikli bir bileşeni olarak sıklıkla kullanılır. Yüksek polaritesi, lityum iyonları etrafında etkili bir çözme kabuğu oluşturmasına ve böylece iletken bir elektrolit oluşturmasına izin verir. Ancak grafit üzerindeki yıkıcı etkisinden dolayı lityum iyon pillerde kullanılmamaktadır.

 

Propilen karbonat ayrıca bazı yapıştırıcılarda, boya çıkarıcılarda ve kozmetikte bulunabilir. Aynı zamanda plastikleştirici olarak da kullanılır. Propilen karbonat ayrıca CO2'nin doğal gazdan ve H2S'nin de bulunmadığı sentez gazından uzaklaştırılması için bir çözücü olarak kullanılır.

Diğer

Propilen karbonat ürünü, transesterifikasyonla diğer karbonat esterlere de dönüştürülebilir.

 

Elektrosprey iyonizasyon kütle spektrometrisinde, propilen karbonat, analit şarjını artırmak için düşük yüzey gerilimi solüsyonlarına katılır.

 

Grignard reaksiyonunda propilen karbonat (veya diğer birçok karbonat ester), üçüncül alkoller oluşturmak için kullanılabilir.

 

Emniyet

Klinik çalışmalar, propilen karbonatın kozmetik preparatlarda kullanıldığında cilt tahrişine veya hassasiyetine neden olmadığını, seyreltilmeden kullanıldığında orta derecede cilt tahrişinin gözlemlendiğini göstermektedir. Propilen karbonatla beslenen, buhara maruz kalan veya seyreltilmemiş sıvıya maruz kalan sıçanlarda hiçbir önemli toksik etki gözlenmedi. ABD'de propilen karbonat uçucu bir organik bileşik (VOC) olarak düzenlenmemiştir çünkü sis oluşumuna önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmamaktadır ve buharının kansere veya diğer toksik etkilere neden olduğu bilinmemektedir veya şüphelenilmemektedir.

 

Ataman ayrıca şunları sunar:

Etilen karbonat

Trimetilen karbonat

 

Propilen Karbonat 

İzosiyanatlar ile uyumlu, yapıştırıcı, üretan kaplama ve elastomerlerde uygulama özelliklerini iyileştirmek için kullanılır.

 

Kaynama Noktası, °C    242

Parlama Noktası, °C    135

Yoğunluk (Kg/Litre)    1,198.Propilen Karbonat (PC) CAS NO: 108-32-7

Propilen Karbonat renksiz şeffaf bir sıvıdır. Suda ve karbon tetraklorürde kayganlaştırılabilir ve iyi karıştırılmış ve çözülmüş olabilir. Propilen karbonat, petro-gaz, petrol sahası gazı ve petrol piroliz gazında ve aynı zamanda sentez besleme gazında dekarbonasyonu kaldırmak için bir çözücü olarak yaygın şekilde kullanılabilir.Propilen Karbonat (PC)

 

Açıklama: Propilen Karbonat

 

Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özellik: Uçucu olmayan madde içermeyen şeffaf sıvı.

 

Moleküler Formül: C4H6O3

 

CAS Numarası: 108-32-7

 

MADDE    

BİRİMİ

 

ÖZELLİKLER

 

SAFLIK

 

%

 

99,5 MIN

 

NEM

 

%

 

0.2 MAX

 

RENK APHA

 

-

 

30 MAX

 

250KG / Yeni Demir Tamburda Paketlenmiştir; 20'FCL = 20MT

 

Uygulama: 1) Elektronik Sanayi: Propilen Karbonat, yüksek enerji hücrelerinde ve kondenserlerde iyi dielektrik olarak kullanılabilir.

 

2) Macromolekül Endüstrisi: Propilen Karbonat, polimerler için çözücü ve plastikleştirici olarak kullanılabilir.

 

3) Kimya Endüstrisi: Propilen Karbonat, Dimetil Karbonat'ın ana maddesi olarak kullanılabilir ve doğal gazdan, petrol gazı çatlayan gazından CO2 ve H2S'nin uzaklaştırılmasında yaygın olarak kullanılır.

 

4) Diğer alanlar: Propilen Karbonat tekstil ve baskı ve boya endüstrisinde de kullanılabilir.

 

Depolama ve taşıma: Propilen Karbonat yanıcıdır. Oksidasyona maruz kalırsa yanacaktır. Serin ve rüzgarlı, özel bir depoda yangından uzakta depolanmalı ve yanıcı bir kimyasal ürün olarak taşınmalıdır.

 

 

 Eşanlamlı: 1,2-propandiol siklik karbonat, 4-Metil-1,3-dioksolan-2-on; CAS Numarası: 108-32-7; Ampirik Formül: C4H6O3; Moleküler Ağırlık: 102.09; Beilstein / REAXYS Numarası: 107913

EC Numarası: 203-572-1; MDL numarası MFCD00005385; PubChem Madde Kimliği: 57648504

 

Diğer isimler: 4-Metil-1,3-dioksolan-2-on; Propilen glikol karbonat; Karbonik asit propilen glikol ester; 1,3-Dioksolan-2-on, 4-metil-; Karbonik asit, siklik propilen ester; Siklik metiletilen karbonat; Siklik propilen karbonat; Siklik 1,2-propilen karbonat; Propilen glikol siklik karbonat; 1-Metiletilen karbonat; 1,2-propandiol karbonat; 1,2-propandiol siklik karbonat; 1,2-propandiil karbonat; 1,2-Propilen karbonat; 4-Metil-1,3-dioksolan-2-on; 1,2-Propilen glikol karbonat; 4-Metil-1,3-dioksol-2-on; Dipropilen karbonat; 4-Metildioksalon-2; 4-Metil-2-okso-1,3-dioksolan; 1,2-PDC; Propilenester kyseliny uhlicite; Arconate propilen karbonat; PC-HP; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; Karbonik asit siklik metiletilen ester; Karbonik asit, propilen ester; NSC 11784

 

Propilen karbonat (PC), asetonitril ve aseton gibi geleneksel olarak organik sentez için kullanılan organik çözücülere çok benzer fizikokimyasal özelliklere sahip polar bir aprotik maddedir.

Bu nedenle PC, kimyasal dönüşümler için “yeşil” sürdürülebilir bir alternatif çözücü olarak kullanılmaya başlanıyor. PC, yüksek kaynama noktasına ve düşük buhar basıncına sahip, düşük toksisiteli, aşındırıcı olmayan renksiz bir sıvıdır.

Biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir ve ekonomiktir, geniş ölçekli kullanımına izin verir. PC, propilen epoksit ile karbondioksit arasında% 100 atomik ekonomi ile bir reaksiyonla hazırlanabilir. Propilen epoksidin kolay hazırlanması ve CO2 gibi mevcut, bol, ekonomik ve yenilenebilir bir karbon kaynağının kullanılması, bu işlemi PC sentezi için en iyi yollardan biri haline getirir.

Bu nedenle, bu incelemede, bu reaksiyonun verimliliğini artırmak için incelenen çok sayıda katalitik sistemi sunuyoruz. Asimetrik hidrojenasyon, hidrosililasyon, asimetrik aldol reaksiyonları, siyanohidrinlerin asimetrik sentezi, bisindol ve tetrahidrokinolin gibi heterosiklik bileşiklerin sentezi, alkinlerin hidroasilasyonu, α'yı tartıştığımız literatürde PC kullanan bazı ilginç reaksiyon örnekleri bulunmaktadır -hidrazinasyon reaksiyonları, oksidasyonlar, Sonogashira reaksiyonu, alilik alkilasyon ve asimetrik aminasyon, Heck reaksiyonu, enzimatik kinetik çözünürlük ve izomerizasyon-hidroformilasyon reaksiyonları.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler: Propilen karbonat, karbonik asit diesterleri, yeşil kimya, yeşil çözücü, organik sentez, çevre.

 

Kullanım: Propilen Karbonat (PC), yüksek kaynama ve parlama noktalarına sahip, VOC içermeyen şeffaf bir polar çözücüdür. Propilen Karbonat (PC), düşük düzeyde toksisite ve hafif eter benzeri kokuya sahip olma özelliği ile propilen glikolden türetilmiş bir karbonat esterdir. Propilen Karbonat (PC) çoğu koşulda stabildir ve hidroskopik veya aşındırıcı değildir. Su beyazı ürün veya yüksek saflık gerektiren uygulamalar için özellikle uygundur. Kozmetik ve kişisel bakım ürünlerinde kullanılabilir; esas olarak ruj, göz farı ve maskara olmak üzere makyaj formülasyonunda ve ayrıca cilt temizleme ürünlerinde.

Kullanım: Propilen karbonat, polar, aprotik bir çözücü olarak çeşitli sentezlerde ve uygulamalarda kullanılır. Bazı yapıştırıcılarda, boya sökücülerinde, kozmetiklerde de bulunabilir ve plastikleştirici olarak kullanılabilir.

 

Açıklama

Genel açıklama

Propilen karbonat, propilen oksit ve CO2'den sentezlenebilir. Propilen karbonatın optik olarak aktif formu, CO2 ile rasemik epoksitler arasındaki reaksiyondan hazırlanabilir.

Propilen karbonatın lityum pillerde grafit elektrot üzerinde ayrışması, lityum katkılı bir bileşiğin oluşmasına neden olur.

 

Propilen karbonat, genellikle bir çözücü olarak ve organik sentezde reaktif bir ara ürün olarak kullanılan siklik bir karbonattır.

Düşük buhar basıncı, yüksek dielektrik sabiti ve yüksek kimyasal kararlılığı nedeniyle potansiyel bir elektrokimyasal çözücü olarak kabul edilmektedir.

 

Uygulama

Propilen karbonat, işlevselleştirilmemiş olefinlerin asimetrik hidrojenasyonu için bir çözücü olarak kullanılabilir.

 

 

Propilen karbonat (çoğunlukla PC olarak kısaltılır), C4H6O3 formülüne sahip organik bir bileşiktir. Propilen glikolden türetilmiş siklik bir karbonat esterdir.

Bu renksiz ve kokusuz sıvı, polar, aprotik bir çözücü olarak kullanışlıdır.

Propilen karbonat şiraldir, ancak çoğu bağlamda yalnızca rasemik karışım olarak kullanılır.

 

Hazırlık

Pek çok organik karbonat fosgen kullanılarak üretilmesine rağmen, propilen ve etilen karbonatlar istisnalardır.

Esas olarak epoksitlerin karbonasyonu ile hazırlanırlar (burada epoksipropan veya propilen oksit):

 

CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO

Bu epoksitlerin üretimi karbondioksit tükettiği için süreç özellikle çekicidir. Dolayısıyla bu reaksiyon, yeşil bir sürecin iyi bir örneğidir.

1,2-propandiolün fosgen ile karşılık gelen reaksiyonu karmaşıktır, sadece propilen karbonat değil, aynı zamanda oligomerik ürünler de verir.

 

Propilen karbonat ayrıca çinko asetat üzerinden üre ve propilen glikolden sentezlenebilir.

 

Başvurular

Bir çözücü olarak

Propilen karbonat, polar, aprotik bir çözücü olarak kullanılır. Aseton (2.91 D) ve etil asetattan (1.78 D) önemli ölçüde daha yüksek moleküler dipol momentine (4.9 D) sahiptir.

Örneğin, potasyum, sodyum ve diğer alkali metalleri, bunların klorürlerinin ve propilen karbonat içinde çözülmüş diğer tuzlarının elektroliziyle elde etmek mümkündür.

 

64'lük yüksek dielektrik sabiti nedeniyle, genellikle düşük viskoziteli bir çözücü (örneğin dimetoksietan) ile birlikte lityum pillerde elektrolitlerin yüksek geçirgenlikli bir bileşeni olarak sıklıkla kullanılır.

Yüksek polaritesi, lityum iyonları etrafında etkili bir çözme kabuğu oluşturmasına ve böylece iletken bir elektrolit oluşturmasına izin verir.

Ancak grafit üzerindeki yıkıcı etkisinden dolayı lityum iyon pillerde kullanılmamaktadır.

 

Propilen karbonat ayrıca bazı yapıştırıcılarda, boya çıkarıcılarda ve kozmetikte bulunabilir. Aynı zamanda plastikleştirici olarak da kullanılır.

 Propilen karbonat ayrıca CO2'nin doğal gazdan ve H2S'nin de bulunmadığı sentez gazından uzaklaştırılması için bir çözücü olarak kullanılır.

Bu kullanım, 1950'lerde El Paso Natural Gas Company ve Fluor Corporation tarafından, şu anda Occidental Petroleum'a ait olan Batı Teksas'taki Terrell County Gaz Fabrikasında kullanılmak üzere geliştirilmiştir.

 

Diğer

Propilen karbonat ürünü, transesterifikasyon yoluyla da diğer karbonat esterlere dönüştürülebilir (bakınız Karbonat ester # Karbonat transesterifikasyon).

 

Elektrosprey iyonizasyon kütle spektrometrisinde, propilen karbonat, analit şarjını artırmak için düşük yüzey gerilimi solüsyonlarına katılır.

 

Grignard reaksiyonunda, propilen karbonat (veya diğer birçok karbonat esteri), üçüncül alkoller oluşturmak için kullanılabilir.

 

IUPAC adı: 4-Metil-1,3-dioksolan-2-on

Diğer isimler: (R, S) -4-Metil-1,3-dioksolan-2-on; Siklik propilen karbonat; Karbonik asit propilen ester; Siklik 1,2-propilen karbonat; Propilen glikol siklik karbonat; 1,2-Propandiol karbonat

4-Metil-2-okso-1,3-dioksolan; Arconate 5000; Texacar PC

 

CAS Numarası: 108-32-7

 

Özellikleri

Kimyasal formül: C4H6O3

Molar kütle: 102.089 g · mol − 1

Görünüm: Renksiz sıvı

Yoğunluk: 1.205 g / cm3

Erime noktası: −48.8 ° C

Kaynama noktası: 242 ° C

Suda çözünürlük: Çok çözünür (20 ° C'de 240 g / L)

Kırılma indisi (nD): 1.4189

CAS numarası: 108-32-7

EC dizin numarası: 607-194-00-1

EC numarası: 203-572-1

Tepe Formülü: C₄H₆O₃

Molar Kütle: 102.09 g / mol

HS Kodu: 2920 90 10

 

Fizikokimyasal Bilgiler

Kaynama noktası: 243 ° C (1013 hPa)

Yoğunluk: 1.20 g / cm3 (20 ° C)

Patlama sınırı:% 1.8 - 14.3 (V)

Parlama noktası: 123 ° C

Tutuşma sıcaklığı: 435 ° C

Erime Noktası: -49 ° C

pH değeri: 7.0 (200 g / l, H₂O, 20 ° C)

Buhar basıncı: 0,04 hPa (20 ° C)

Kinematik viskozite: 1,4 mm2 / s (43 ° C)

Çözünürlük: 240 g / l

Toksikolojik bilgiler

LD 50 oral: LD50 Sıçan> 5000 mg / kg

LD 50 dermal: LD50 Tavşan> 20000 mg / kg

 

ENDÜSTRİYEL KULLANIMLAR:

Yapıştırıcılar ve sızdırmazlık kimyasalları

Li-ion elektrolitte bileşen

Ara ürünler

İyon değiştirme ajanları

Yağlayıcılar ve yağlayıcı katkı maddeleri

Boya

Diğer kategoriler tarafından tanımlanmayan boya katkı maddeleri ve kaplama katkı maddeleri

Işığa duyarlı kimyasallar

Plastikleştiriciler

Çözücüler (ürün formülasyonunun veya karışımının bir parçası haline gelen)

 

Üretim Yöntemleri

Karbonat üretmenin en önemli ve çok yönlü yöntemi, hidroksi bileşiklerinin fosgenasyonudur.

Son 20 yılda, trend, fosgen kullanılmadan karbonat üretme yönündedir.

Bu yöntem, oldukça toksik fosgen kullanımının yanı sıra önemli ölçüde daha düşük maliyet avantajına sahiptir.

CO2'nin oksiranlar ile katalitik eklenmesi, beş üyeli siklik karbonatı doğrudan sağlar.

Etilen oksit ve propilen oksit gibi oksiranlar, sırasıyla etilen karbonat ve propilen karbonat verecek şekilde dörtlü bir amonyum tuzu katalizörü yardımıyla basınç altında ~ 150-175 ° C'de sokulmaya maruz kalır.

 

 

Propilen karbonat dipolar aprotik çözücü, yeni nesil, yüksek performanslı bir çözücüdür.

Propilen karbonat, mükemmel çözücü gücü ve suyla karışabilirliği sayesinde çeşitli farklı uygulamalarda iyi çalışır. NMP (N-metilpirolidon), DMAc (dimetilasetamid), DMSO (dimetilsülfoksit), DMF (dimetilformamid) ve bazıları artan düzenleyici basınçla karşı karşıya olan asetonitril gibi yaygın olarak kullanılan dipolar aprotik çözücülere daha güvenli bir alternatiftir.

 

Temel Avantajlar

Çeşitli uygulamalarda mükemmel performans

Mükemmel NMP ve NEP değişimi

Olumlu güvenlik, sağlık ve çevre profili

 

 

Poliüretan dispersiyon (PUD) kaplama

 

Propilen karbonat, su bazlı poliüretanlar için yüksek performanslı, daha güvenli bir yardımcı çözücüdür. PUD pazarı için hem solvent hem de birleştirici olarak etkilidir,

Propilen karbonat ayrıca etkili bir NMP ikamesi olabilir. Yalnızca formülasyon esnekliği sağlamakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda uygun bir güvenlik, sağlık ve çevre profili de sağlayabilir.

Propilen Carbonte, su bazlı poliüretanlar için yüksek performanslı, daha güvenli bir yardımcı çözücüdür. PUD pazarı için hem çözücü hem de birleştirici olarak etkilidir

 

Temizleyiciler ve boya çıkarıcılar

Temizleyicilerde ve boya sıyırıcılarda kullanıldığında, Propilen Karbonat etkili bir NMP ikamesi olduğunu kanıtlamıştır.

Yüksek çözme gücü, endüstriyel temizleme formülasyonlarının performansını artırabilir. Propilen Karbonat, poliüretan köpük, polimer, polyester veya epoksi reçineler ile ilgili kalıpları veya araçları temizlemek için kullanılabilir.

Propilen Karbonatın daha düşük uçuculuğu, azaltılmış işçi ve çevresel maruziyet için faydalıdır.

 

 

Farmasötik sentez

Propilen karbonat, farmasötiklerin üretimi gibi çeşitli kimyasal reaksiyonları gerçekleştirmek için bir ortam olarak kullanım için düşünülebilir. Bu tür uygulamalarda, NMP, NEP, DMF ve DMAc gibi çözücülerin yerini alabilir.

 

 

Emniyet

Klinik çalışmalar, propilen karbonatın kozmetik preparatlarda kullanıldığında cilt tahrişine veya hassasiyetine neden olmadığını, seyreltilmeden kullanıldığında orta derecede cilt tahrişinin gözlemlendiğini göstermektedir.

Propilen karbonatla beslenen, buhara maruz kalan veya seyreltilmemiş sıvıya maruz kalan sıçanlarda hiçbir önemli toksik etki gözlenmedi.

ABD'de propilen karbonat uçucu bir organik bileşik (VOC) olarak düzenlenmemiştir çünkü duman oluşumuna önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmamaktadır ve buharının kansere veya diğer toksik etkilere neden olduğu bilinmemektedir veya bundan şüphelenilmektedir.

 

 

PROPYLENE CARBONATE

108-32-7

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

1,2-Propylene carbonate

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

Cyclic propylene carbonate

Texacar PC

Arconate 5000

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

1-Methylethylene carbonate

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Dipropylene carbonate

1,2-Propanediyl carbonate

4-Methyldioxalone-2

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

Cyclic methylethylene carbonate

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Carbonic acid, propylene ester

Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester

NSC 11784

Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite

Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester

HSDB 6806

EINECS 203-572-1

Propylene carbonate [NF]

Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether

Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]

BRN 0107913

AI3-19724

4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one

Propylene carbonate (NF)

Propylene carbonate, 99.5%

CAS-108-32-7

PC-HP

Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R)

Propylene carbonate [USAN]

Solvenon PC

propylen carbonate

MFCD00005385

Carbonic acid propylene

 

1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]

107913

108-32-7 [RN]

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]

4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

8D08K3S51E

Arconate 1000

Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester

Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether

Cyclic propylene carbonate

FF9650000

Jeffsol PC

MFCD00005385 [MDL number]

PC

PC-HP

Propylene carbonate [Wiki]

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

UNII:8D08K3S51E

(4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]

(R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

(S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

[108-32-7]

1,2-PDC

1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE

1,2-Propanediyl carbonate

1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE

1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate

1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate

1-Methylethylene carbonate

2-(Piperidin-4-yl)acetonitrile

202480-74-8 [RN]

2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane

4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE

Arconate 5000

Arconate propylene carbonate

Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester

Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester

Carbonic acid, propylene ester

CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE

Cyclic methylethylene carbonate

Dipropylene carbonate

propylenecarbonate

Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]

Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite

Solvenon PC

Texacar PC

WLN: T5OVOTJ D

 

OTHER LANGUAGES

(propán-1,2-diyl)-karbonát (sk)

4-metil-1,3-diossolan-2-one (it)

4-metylo-1,3-dioksolan-2-on (pl)

carbonate de propylène (fr)

carbonato de propileno (es)

carbonato de propileno (pt)

carbonato di propilene (it)

propilen carbonat (ro)

propilen karbonat (hr)

propilen karbonat (sl)

propilenkarbonatas (lt)

propilén-karbonát (hu)

propilēnkarbonāts (lv)

propyleencarbonaat (nl)

Propyleenikarbonaatti (fi)

propylencarbonat (da)

Propylencarbonat (de)

propylenkarbonat (no)

propylenkarbonat (sv)

propylenkarbonát (cs)

Propüleenkarbonaat (et)

węglan glikolu propylenowego (pl)

węglan propano-1,2-diylu (pl)

ανθρακικό προπυλένιο (el)

пропилен карбонат (bg)

 

CAS names

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

Other

IUPAC names

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propylencarbonat

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

2-(carboxyoxy)-1-methylethyl carbonate

4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one

4-Methyl-1,3-Dioxolan-2-One

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

 

propylen carbonate

Propylencarbonat

Propylencarbonate

PROPYLENE CARBONATE

Propylene Carbonate

Propylene carbonate

propylene carbonate

Propylene Carbonate

Propylene carbonate

propylene carbonate

Propylene carbonate 

 

Trade names

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propylene carbonate

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- (9CI)

1-Methylethylene carbonate

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Cyclic methylethylene carbonate

Cyclic propylene carbonate

PC

Propylencarbonat

PROPYLENE CARBONATE

Propylene Carbonate

Propylene carbonate

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

 

Other identifiers: 104083-03-6

CAS number:104083-03-6

Deleted CAS number:108-32-7

CAS number: 127128-76-1

CAS number: 127128-76-1

Deleted CAS number:30141-77-6

CAS number:30141-77-6

Deleted CAS number:607-194-00-1

 

 

 

 

 

Propylene carbonate (often abbreviated PC) is an organic compound with the formula C4H6O3. It is a cyclic carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol.

 This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral, but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture in most contexts.

Although many organic carbonates are produced using phosgene, propylene and ethylene carbonates are exceptions. They are mainly prepared by the carbonation of the epoxides

(epoxypropane, or propylene oxide here):

 

CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO

The process is particularly attractive since the production of these epoxides consumes carbon dioxide. Thus this reaction is a good example of a green process. The corresponding 

reaction of 1,2-propanediol with phosgene is complex, yielding not only propylene carbonate but also oligomeric products.

 

Propylene carbonate can also be synthesized from urea and propylene glycol over zinc acetate.

 

Applications

As a solvent

Propylene carbonate is used as a polar, aprotic solvent. It has a high molecular dipole moment (4.9 D), considerably higher than those of acetone (2.91 D) and ethyl acetate (1.78 D).

It is possible, for example, to obtain potassium, sodium, and other alkali metals by electrolysis of their chlorides and other salts dissolved in propylene carbonate.

 

Due to its high dielectric constant of 64, it is frequently used as a high-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries, usually together with a low-viscosity solvent 

(e.g. dimethoxyethane). Its high polarity allows it to create an effective solvation shell around lithium ions, thereby creating a conductive electrolyte. However, it is not used in 

lithium-ion batteries due to its destructive effect on graphite.

 

Propylene carbonate can also be found in some adhesives, paint strippers, and in cosmetics. It is also used as plasticizer. Propylene carbonate is also used as a solvent for removal 

of CO2 from natural gas and synthesis gas where H2S is not also present.

Other

Propylene carbonate product may be converted to other carbonate esters by transesterification as well.

 

In electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, propylene carbonate is doped into low surface tension solutions to increase analyte charging.

 

In Grignard reaction propylene carbonate (or most other carbonate ester) might be used to create tertiary alcohols.

 

Safety

Clinical studies indicate that propylene carbonate does not cause skin irritation or sensitization when used in cosmetic preparations, whereas moderate skin irritation is observed when

 used undiluted. No significant toxic effects were observed in rats fed propylene carbonate, exposed to the vapor, or exposed to the undiluted liquid.[12] In the US, propylene carbonate

 is not regulated as a volatile organic compound (VOC) because it does not contribute significantly to the formation of smog and because its vapor is not known or suspected to cause

 cancer or other toxic effects.

 

Ataman also offers :

Ethylene carbonate

Trimethylene carbonate

 

IUPAC name

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

Other names

(R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

Cyclic propylene carbonate

Carbonic acid propylene ester

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Arconate 5000

Texacar PC

 

 

 Translated names

(propán-1,2-diyl)-karbonát (sk)

4-metil-1,3-diossolan-2-one (it)

4-metylo-1,3-dioksolan-2-on (pl)

carbonate de propylène (fr)

carbonato de propileno (es)

carbonato di propilene (it)

propilen carbonat (ro)

propilen karbonat (hr)

propilenkarbonatas (lt)

propilén-karbonát (hu)

propilēnkarbonāts (lv)

propyleencarbonaat (nl)

Propyleenikarbonaatti (fi)

propylencarbonat (da)

propylenkarbonat (no)

propylenkarbonát (cs)

Propüleenkarbonaat (et)

węglan glikolu propylenowego (pl)

węglan propano-1,2-diylu (pl)

ανθρακικό προπυλένιο (el)

пропилен карбонат (bg)

 

 CAS names

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

Other

 IUPAC names

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propylencarbonat

2-(carboxyoxy)-1-methylethyl carbonate

4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one

4-Methyl-1,3-Dioxolan-2-One

propylen carbonate

Propylencarbonate

Propylene carbonate 

 

Trade names

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

1,2-Propylene carbonate

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- (9CI)

1-Methylethylene carbonate

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Cyclic methylethylene carbonate

Cyclic propylene carbonate

PC

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

Other names

Other identifiers

104083-03-6

CAS number

Other

108-32-7

CAS number

EC Inventory, , , REACH pre-registration, Other, CAD - Chemical Agents Directive, Art. 2(b)(i) - Hazardous Agents, EU Ecolabels - Restrictions for Hazardous Substances/Mixtures, Workplace Signs - minimum requirements & signs on containers and pipes

127128-76-1

CAS number

Other

30141-77-6

CAS number

Other

607-194-00-1

Index number


 

 

 

Propylene carbonate (often abbreviated PC) is an organic compound with the formula C4H6O3. It is a cyclic carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol.

 This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral, but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture in most contexts.

Although many organic carbonates are produced using phosgene, propylene and ethylene carbonates are exceptions. They are mainly prepared by the carbonation of the epoxides

(epoxypropane, or propylene oxide here):

 

CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO

The process is particularly attractive since the production of these epoxides consumes carbon dioxide. Thus this reaction is a good example of a green process. The corresponding 

reaction of 1,2-propanediol with phosgene is complex, yielding not only propylene carbonate but also oligomeric products.

 

Propylene carbonate can also be synthesized from urea and propylene glycol over zinc acetate.

 

Applications

As a solvent

Propylene carbonate is used as a polar, aprotic solvent. It has a high molecular dipole moment (4.9 D), considerably higher than those of acetone (2.91 D) and ethyl acetate (1.78 D).

It is possible, for example, to obtain potassium, sodium, and other alkali metals by electrolysis of their chlorides and other salts dissolved in propylene carbonate.

 

Due to its high dielectric constant of 64, it is frequently used as a high-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries, usually together with a low-viscosity solvent 

(e.g. dimethoxyethane). Its high polarity allows it to create an effective solvation shell around lithium ions, thereby creating a conductive electrolyte. However, it is not used in 

lithium-ion batteries due to its destructive effect on graphite.

 

Propylene carbonate can also be found in some adhesives, paint strippers, and in cosmetics. It is also used as plasticizer. Propylene carbonate is also used as a solvent for removal 

of CO2 from natural gas and synthesis gas where H2S is not also present.

Other

Propylene carbonate product may be converted to other carbonate esters by transesterification as well.

 

In electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, propylene carbonate is doped into low surface tension solutions to increase analyte charging.

 

In Grignard reaction propylene carbonate (or most other carbonate ester) might be used to create tertiary alcohols.

 

Safety

Clinical studies indicate that propylene carbonate does not cause skin irritation or sensitization when used in cosmetic preparations, whereas moderate skin irritation is observed when

 used undiluted. No significant toxic effects were observed in rats fed propylene carbonate, exposed to the vapor, or exposed to the undiluted liquid.[12] In the US, propylene carbonate

 is not regulated as a volatile organic compound (VOC) because it does not contribute significantly to the formation of smog and because its vapor is not known or suspected to cause

 cancer or other toxic effects.

 

Ataman also offers :

Ethylene carbonate

Trimethylene carbonate

 

IUPAC name

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

Other names

(R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

Cyclic propylene carbonate

Carbonic acid propylene ester

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Arconate 5000

Texacar PC

 

 

 Translated names

(propán-1,2-diyl)-karbonát (sk)

4-metil-1,3-diossolan-2-one (it)

4-metylo-1,3-dioksolan-2-on (pl)

carbonate de propylène (fr)

carbonato de propileno (es)

carbonato di propilene (it)

propilen carbonat (ro)

propilen karbonat (hr)

propilenkarbonatas (lt)

propilén-karbonát (hu)

propilēnkarbonāts (lv)

propyleencarbonaat (nl)

Propyleenikarbonaatti (fi)

propylencarbonat (da)

propylenkarbonat (no)

propylenkarbonát (cs)

Propüleenkarbonaat (et)

węglan glikolu propylenowego (pl)

węglan propano-1,2-diylu (pl)

ανθρακικό προπυλένιο (el)

пропилен карбонат (bg)

 

 CAS names

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-

Other

 IUPAC names

1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate

1,2-Propylencarbonat

2-(carboxyoxy)-1-methylethyl carbonate

4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one

4-Methyl-1,3-Dioxolan-2-One

propylen carbonate

Propylencarbonate

Propylene carbonate 

 

Trade names

1,2-Propanediol carbonate

1,2-Propylene carbonate

1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- (9CI)

1-Methylethylene carbonate

4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane

Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate

Cyclic methylethylene carbonate

Cyclic propylene carbonate

PC

Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate

Other names

Other identifiers

104083-03-6

CAS number

Other

108-32-7

CAS number

EC Inventory, , , REACH pre-registration, Other, CAD - Chemical Agents Directive, Art. 2(b)(i) - Hazardous Agents, EU Ecolabels - Restrictions for Hazardous Substances/Mixtures, Workplace Signs - minimum requirements & signs on containers and pipes

127128-76-1

CAS number

Other

30141-77-6

CAS number

Other

607-194-00-1

Index number


 

PROPYLENE CARBONATE CAS NO: 108-32-7
EINECS NO: 203-572-1
Propylene carbonate eş anlamlıları: 108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
İzosiyanatlar ile uyumlu, yapıştırıcı, üretan kaplama ve elastomerlerde uygulama özelliklerini iyileştirmek için kullanılır.
Kaynama Noktası, °C 242
Parlama Noktası, °C 135
Yoğunluk (Kg/Litre) 1,198.Propilen Karbonat (PC) CAS NO: 108-32-7
Propilen Karbonat renksiz şeffaf bir sıvıdır. Suda ve karbon tetraklorürde kayganlaştırılabilir ve iyi karıştırılmış ve çözülmüş olabilir. Propilen karbonat, petro-gaz, petrol sahası gazı ve petrol piroliz gazında ve aynı zamanda sentez besleme gazında dekarbonasyonu kaldırmak için bir çözücü olarak yaygın şekilde kullanılabilir.Propilen Karbonat (PC)
Açıklama: Propilen Karbonat
Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özellik: Uçucu olmayan madde içermeyen şeffaf sıvı.
Moleküler Formül: C4H6O3
CAS Numarası: 108-32-7
ÖZELLİKLER
SAFLIK %99,5 MIN
NEM %0.2 MAX
RENK APHA-30 MAX
250KG / Yeni Demir Tamburda Paketlenmiştir; 20'FCL = 20MT
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
Uygulama: 1) Elektronik Sanayi: Propilen Karbonat, yüksek enerji hücrelerinde ve kondenserlerde iyi dielektrik olarak kullanılabilir.

2) Macromolekül Endüstrisi: Propilen Karbonat, polimerler için çözücü ve plastikleştirici olarak kullanılabilir.

3) Kimya Endüstrisi: Propilen Karbonat, Dimetil Karbonat'ın ana maddesi olarak kullanılabilir ve doğal gazdan, petrol gazı çatlayan gazından CO2 ve H2S'nin uzaklaştırılmasında yaygın olarak kullanılır.

4) Diğer alanlar: Propilen Karbonat tekstil ve baskı ve boya endüstrisinde de kullanılabilir.

Depolama ve taşıma: Propilen Karbonat yanıcıdır. Oksidasyona maruz kalırsa yanacaktır. Serin ve rüzgarlı, özel bir depoda yangından uzakta depolanmalı ve yanıcı bir kimyasal ürün olarak taşınmalıdır.
Propilen karbonat (genellikle kısaltılan PC ) bir bir organik bileşiğin , formül CH 3 Cı- 2 , H 3 O 2 CO. Bu a, karbonat esteri elde edilen propilen glikol . Bu, renksiz ve kokusuz sıvı olarak faydalıdır polar , aprotik çözücü . Propilen karbonat kiral ama özel olarak kullanılan rasemik bir karışım.
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
Hazırlık
Birçok organik karbonatlar kullanılarak üretilir, ancak fosgen , propilen ve etilen karbonatlar istisnalar vardır. Bunlar ağırlıklı olarak hazırlanır gazlı epoksitleri (epoksipropan, ya da propilen oksit var):

CH 3 CHCH 2 O + CO 2 CH → 3 C 2 H 3 O 2 CO
Bu epoksitler üretimi karbondioksit kullandığı için yöntem özellikle çekicidir. Bu nedenle, bu reaksiyon, bir yeşil işleminin iyi bir örnektir. Karşılık gelen reaksiyon 1,2-propandiol fosgen ile propilen karbonat değil, aynı zamanda oligomerik ürünleri sadece elde karmaşıktır.

Propilen karbonat da sentezlenebilir üre ve propilen glikol üzerinde çinko asetat .
Bir çözücü olarak
Propilen karbonat polar olarak kullanıldığında, aprotik çözücü. Bu yüksek olan bir moleküler dipol momenti (4.9 D göre daha önemli ölçüde daha yüksek), aseton (2.91 D ) ve etil asetat (1.78 D ). Bu elde etmek üzere, örneğin, mümkün olan potasyum , sodyum , ve diğer alkali metaller ile elektroliz bunların arasında klorürler ve propilen karbonat içinde çözülmüştür diğer tuzlar.

64, yüksek dielektrik sabiti nedeniyle, sık sık, bir yüksek olarak kullanılan geçirgenlik bileşeni elektrolit içinde lityum pilleri (örneğin, düşük viskoziteli bir çözücü ile genellikle birlikte, dimetoksietan ). Bu yüksek polariteye sahip bir etkin oluşturmak için olanak çözme ve böylece iletken oluşturma, lityum iyonları çevresinde bir kabuk elektrolit . Bununla birlikte, bu kullanılmaz lityum iyon pil nedeniyle üzerindeki yıkıcı etkisinden grafit .

Propilen karbonat bazı bulunabilir yapıştırıcı , boya sökücü , ve kozmetik . Ayrıca olarak kullanılır plastikleştirici . Propilen karbonat, aynı zamanda CO çıkarılması için bir çözücü olarak kullanılan 2 H, doğal gaz ve sentez gazından 2 S aynı zamanda mevcut değildir. Bu kullanım El Paso Doğalgaz Şirketi tarafından geliştirilen Fluor Corporation, şimdi Occidental Petroleum ait Batı Teksas Terrell İlçe Gaz Santrali, kullanılmak üzere 1950'li yıllarda.

Diğer
Propilen karbonat ürünü, diğer karbonat esterler dönüştürülebilir transesterifikasyon (bakınız ayrıca karbonat esteri # Karbonat edilmiş transesterleştirme ).
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
Gelen elektrosprey iyonizasyon kütle spektrometresi, propilen karbonat analit şarj artırmak için düşük yüzey gerilmeli eriyikler halinde sertleştirilmektedir.

Emniyet
Klinik çalışmalar, kozmetik preparasyonlar kullanıldığında seyreltilmemiş kullanıldığında orta cilt iritasyonu gözlemlenmektedir propilen karbonat, cilt tahrişine veya hassasiyete neden olmadığını göstermektedir. Önemli bir toksik etki buharına maruz kalan, propilen karbonat beslenen sıçanlarda, veya seyreltilmemiş sıvı maruz bırakılmıştır. ABD'de, propilen karbonat olarak düzenlenmemiştir uçucu organik bileşik bu oluşumuna önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmaz, çünkü (VOC) sis ve buhar bilinen ya da kanser ya da diğer toksik etkilere neden olduğundan şüphelenilen değildir.
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)

Propylene carbonate synonyms: 108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
ChemSpider: 7636
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.248
PubChem CID: 7924
UNII: 8D08K3S51E
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2026789
Chemical formula C4H6O3
Molar mass 102.089 g·mol-1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 1.205 g/cm3
Melting point -48.8 °C (-55.8 °F; 224.3 K)
Boiling point 242 °C (468 °F; 515 K)
Solubility in water Very soluble (240 g/L at 20°C)
Refractive index (nD) 1.4189

Although many organic carbonates are produced using phosgene, propylene and ethylene carbonates are exceptions. They are mainly prepared by the carbonation of the epoxides[4] (epoxypropane, or propylene oxide here):

CH3CHCH2O + CO2 → CH3C2H3O2CO
The process is particularly attractive since the production of these epoxides consumes carbon dioxide. Thus this reaction is a good example of a green process. The corresponding reaction of 1,2-propanediol with phosgene is complex, yielding not only propylene carbonate but also oligomeric products.

Propylene carbonate can also be synthesized from urea and propylene glycol over zinc acetate.

Applications
As a solvent
Propylene carbonate is used as a polar, aprotic solvent. It has a high molecular dipole moment (4.9 D), considerably higher than those of acetone (2.91 D) and ethyl acetate (1.78 D). It is possible, for example, to obtain potassium, sodium, and other alkali metals by electrolysis of their chlorides and other salts dissolved in propylene carbonate.

Due to its high dielectric constant of 64, it is frequently used as a high-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries, usually together with a low-viscosity solvent (e.g. dimethoxyethane). Its high polarity allows it to create an effective solvation shell around lithium ions, thereby creating a conductive electrolyte. However, it is not used in lithium-ion batteries due to its destructive effect on graphite

Propylene carbonate can also be found in some adhesives, paint strippers, and in cosmetics.[9] It is also used as plasticizer. Propylene carbonate is also used as a solvent for removal of CO2 from natural gas and synthesis gas where H2S is not also present. This use was developed by El Paso Natural Gas Company and Fluor Corporation in the 1950s for use at the Terrell County Gas Plant in West Texas, now owned by Occidental Petroleum.

Other
Propylene carbonate product may be converted to other carbonate esters by transesterification as well (see Carbonate ester#Carbonate transesterification).

In electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, propylene carbonate is doped into low surface tension solutions to increase analyte charging.

In Grignard reaction propylene carbonate (or most other carbonate ester) might be used to create tertiary alcohols.

Safety
Clinical studies indicate that propylene carbonate does not cause skin irritation or sensitization when used in cosmetic preparations, whereas moderate skin irritation is observed when used undiluted. No significant toxic effects were observed in rats fed propylene carbonate, exposed to the vapor, or exposed to the undiluted liquid. In the US, propylene carbonate is not regulated as a volatile organic compound (VOC) because it does not contribute significantly to the formation of smog and because its vapor is not known or suspected to cause cancer or other toxic effects.
Properties
Related Categories Alternative Energy, Anhydrous Solvents, Electrolytes, Lithium-Ion Batteries, Materials Science,
Organic Solvents, Solvent Bottles, Solvent Packaging Options, Solvent by Application, Solvents, Solvents & Additives, Sure/Seal Bottles
Less...
Quality Level 100
grade anhydrous
vapor pressure 0.13 mmHg ( 20 °C)
0.98 mmHg ( 50 °C)
assay 99.7%
autoignition temp. 851 °F
expl. lim. 14.3 %
impurities <0.002% water
<0.005% water (100 mL pkg)
refractive index n20/D 1.421 (lit.)
bp 240 °C (lit.)
mp -55 °C (lit.)
density 1.204 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string CC1COC(=O)O1
InChI 1S/C4H6O3/c1-3-2-6-4(5)7-3/h3H,2H2,1H3
InChI key RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Propylene carbonate can be synthesized from propylene oxide and CO2. Optically active form of propylene carbonate can be prepared from the reaction between CO2 and racemic epoxides. Decomposition of propylene carbonate on the graphite electrode in lithium batteries results in the formation of a lithium intercalated compound.

Propylene carbonate is a cyclic carbonate that is commonly used as a solvent and as a reactive intermediate in organic synthesis. It is being considered as a potential electrochemical solvent due to its low vapor pressure, high dielectric constant and high chemical stability.

Application
Propylene carbonate may be used as a solvent for the asymmetric hydrogenation of nonfunctionalized olefins.
Propylene carbonate (PC) is a VOC-exempt* clear polar solvent having high boiling and
flash points, a low order of toxicity and a mild ether-like odor. It is stable under most
conditions and is not hydroscopic or corrosive. is particularly well suited for applications
requiring a water white product or high purity. Examples would be cosmetics, electronics
or where recycling of spent material will occur.
Product
Identification
Chemical Name Dioxolanone
Chemical Family Organic Carbonate
Other Names 3-dioxolan-2-one 4-methyl-1
Chemical Formula C4H6O3
Propylene carbonate is a cyclic carbonate that reacts with amines to form carbamates,
undergoes hydroxy alkylation and transesterification. It can be used as an isocyanate and
unsaturated polyester resin cleanup solvent, viscosity reducer in coatings, CO2 extraction
solvent, electrolyte in lithium batteries, polar additive for clay gellants, foundry binder
catalyst, and textile dye carrier and cleaner.
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
is a PU-plasticizer. It is VOC-free clear polar solvent having high boiling and flashpoints.
Propylene Carbonate (PC) is a carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol with the peculiarity to have a low order of toxicity and a mild ether-like odor.

Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000) is stable under most conditions and it is not hydroscopic or corrosive.
It is particularly well suited for applications requiring a water-white product or high purity.
It can be used in cosmetics and personal care products; mainly in the formulation of make-up, primarily lipstick, eye shadow, and mascara, as well as in skin cleansing products.

Propylene Carbonate (PC) being a cyclic carbonate reacts with amines to form carbamates, undergoes hydroxy alkylation and transesterification can be used as an isocyanate and unsaturated polyester resin cleanup solvent, viscosity reducer in coatings, CO2 extraction solvent, electrolyte in lithium batteries, polar additive for clay gellants, foundry binder catalyst, and textile dye carrier and cleaner.
Under proper storage conditions the shelf life is 12 months.
Positive control:
Negative controls
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000) for the matrix blood, inactivated controls (=negative controls) were included to demonstrate that hydrolysis of the test item was due to specific in vitro metabolism instead of general chemical instability. In the respective negative controls, test item concentration was 1 mM (n=3). The reference item ethylene carbonate was tested at 1 mM (n=3). Negative control samples were prepared using inactive matrix. For blood, the negative controls were inactivated by addition of TCA containing precipitation reagent before the addition of test item to the incubate. After 0 and 30 minutes, respectively, the corresponding samples
were processed for LC-MS analysis.

Buffer control
In addition, potassium phosphate buffer was used as control matrix to exclude non-metabolic degradation processes; i.e. the finding that the concentrations remained stable over the investigated time suggests that the decrease of the parent compound wase mainly due to specific/enzymatic in vitro metabolism. Potassium buffer samples were generated by spiking 198 μl potassium phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 7.4) with 2 μl test item/reference item working solutions. The resulting start concentrations were 1 mM. After 0 and 30 minutes, the samples were processed for LC-MS analysis.
Details on study design:
The Wistar rat blood applied in the in vitro experiments reported herein is intended to represent the central compartiment of an organism which contains significant amounts of metabolizing enzymes, i.e. hydrolases. These are proposed to metabolize ester compounds such as the test item propylene carbonate and the reference ethylene carbonate.
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
and the reference ethylene carbonate were tested at a concentration of 1 mM in blood. Sampling time points were selected in order to allow the calculation of an in vitro half-life value, i.e. 0 min, 0.5 min, 1 min, 5 min and 30 min. The incubation solutions (n=3 per test condition) were prepared by adding 2 μl of the 100-fold concentrated working solution to 198 μl of pre-incubated assay matrix (15 min preincubation at 37 °C) resulting in an incubation concentration of 1 mM (test and reference items) with a final solvent concentration of 0.75% solvent. Incubations were conducted at 37°C on a horizontal shaker at 650 rpm. After the respective incubation time the corresponding samples were chemically inactivated by addition of TCA containing protein precipitation reagent (+ internal standard).
The precipitation reagent consisted of water supplemented with trichloro acetic acid and internal standard. (The precipitation reagent for PG/EG with 400 μM ISTD PC-d6/EC-d4 was prepared as follows: TCA (8%) in water: e.g. 20 ml water + 1600 mg trichloro acetic acid (TCA) + 800 μl internal standard stock solution (10 mM). The precipitation reagent for blank samples was TCA (8%) in water: 10 ml water + 800 mg trichloro acetic acid (TCA)). The complete in vitro sample volume (200 μl) containing the test item /reference item after incubation with blood or phosphate buffer were mixed with 200 μl precipitation reagent supplemented with ISTD, vortexmixed for 10 second. After a centrifugation step (e.g. 4000 rpm in centrifuge Eppendorf 5417C or equivalent, for 10 minutes) the supernatant was transferred to a 96 well plate for LC-MS analysis.

In a second step the amount of hydrolysis products propylene glycol and ethylene glycol, respectively, were quantified.

Details on dosing and sampling:
Preparation of calibration standards and quality control samples for glycol analysis
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
Stock solutions of PG and EG are prepared in water (each 15 mM). Separate stocks are prepared for calibrators and QCs, respectively. The working solutions for spiking the matrix were prepared in water at the concentrations 15 mM, 10 mM, 8 mM, 5.33 mM, 4 mM, 2.67 mM, 1.33 mM (for calibrators) and 8mM, 5.33 and 4mM (for quality control samples). The resulting nominal concentrations of the calibrators were 1800, 1200, 960, 640, 480, 320 and 160 nM, the nominal concentrations of the QC samples were 960, 640 and 480 nM. For the preparation of the sample 88 μl matrix was precipitated with 100 μl precipitation reagent with ISTD and immediately vortexed for 10 seconds. Afterwards 12 μl of the corresponding working solution was added and the samples briefly shaken. After a centrifugation step (e.g. 4000 rpm in centrifuge Eppendorf 5417C or equivalent, for 10 minutes) the supernatant was transferred to a 96 well plate for LC-MS analysis. (The precipitation reagent for PG/EG with 400 μM ISTD PC-d6/EC-d4 was prepared as follows: TCA (8%) in water: e.g. 20 ml water + 1600 mg trichloro acetic acid (TCA) + 800 μl internal standard stock solution (10 mM). The precipitation reagent for blank samples was TCA (8%) in water: 10 ml water + 800 mg trichloro acetic acid (TCA)).

LC-MS for glycol analysis (for both PG and EG)
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
The analysis was performed under isocratic HPLC conditions using 10 % buffer 1 and 90 % buffer 2. Chromatographic run time is 4 min per injection.
The HPLC column was a Luna (Phenomenex), 150 x 4.6 mm, 3 μm. The HPLC flow rate was 900 μl/min. The column is operated at room temperature. Buffer 1 (organic) was acetonitrile, buffer 2 (aqueous) was water + NaCl (10 mg/l). Autosampler wash solvent 1 was Ethanol /Water (5+95, v/v), autosampler wash solvent 2 was Isopropanol / Water (1+1, v/v). The sample injection volume was 20 μl.

In addition, negative control incubates were performed to exclude non-metabolic degradation processes; i.e. the finding that the concentrations remained stable over the investigated time suggests that the decrease of the parent compound is mainly due to hydrolytically active ingredients of blood. Negative controls were blood samples that were chemically inactivated blood samples (using trichloroacetic acid containing reagent) before
the incubation with the test item propylene carbonate and the reference item ethylene carbonate. Potassium phosphate buffer served as additional control matrix to show that any hydrolysis observed with the biorelevant test matrix blood is due to metabolic hydrolytic activity.
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)

A positive control known for hydrolysis in Wistar rat blood was included in the assay set up in order to demonstrate the suitability of the test systems. As positive control for blood incubations ethylene carbonate was tested at 1 mM, respectively.
Statistics:
-The statistical parameters comprised:
Mean: Calculated with MS Excel 2007, function MITTELWERT
SD: Calculated with MS Excel 2007, function STANDARDABWEICHUNG
The numbers displayed in the result tables are rounded.
%CV: Mean of SD x 100 / Mean (coefficient of variation)
Intraday precision: %CV calculated from the 4-fold samples of each QC level
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000)
Current research efforts in the field of poly(propylene carbonate) prepared from carbon dioxide and propylene oxide are reviewed. Interest in the polymer has been revived in light of the current discussion on sustainability and biodegradability. The progress in understanding and increasing the activity of heterogeneous zinc catalysts is steadily increasing, but without a quantum leap. The microstructure, the properties of the melt, and the solid material are given. The material property profile can be expanded through the synthesis of terpolymers based on propylene oxide, carbon dioxide and other epoxides, lactones or anhydrides etc. with the same catalyst; or the preparation of poly(propylene carbonate) blends with biodegradable or biocompatible components like calcium carbonate, wood flour, fibers, or other biodegradable polymers.
Propylene Carbonate is a nonviscous, clear liquid that is used in cosmetic
products at concentrations ranging from 5 0.1 */o to 5%. Undiluted Propylene
Carbonate produced minimal to moderate ocular irritation and slight erythema in rabbits. The dermal LO," in rabbits of the undiluted ingredient was
>20 mllkg. Undiluted Propylene Carbonate was nontoxic by inhalation to
dogs and guinea pigs in a 21-day study. Propylene Carbonate was negative for
mutagenicity in the Ames Assay, and negative for genotoxicity in the Rat Hepatocyte Primary Culture/DNA Repair Test. In clinical studies, undiluted
Propylene carbonate (108-32-7; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-Propylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; Cyclic propylene carbonate; Texacar PC; Arconate 5000; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 4-Methyldioxalone-2; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; NSC 11784; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; HSDB 6806; EINECS 203-572-1; Propylene carbonate [NF]; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; BRN 0107913; AI3-19724; 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one; Propylene carbonate (NF); WLN: T5OVOTJ D; DSSTox_CID_6789; DSSTox_RID_78214; DSSTox_GSID_26789; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%; CAS-108-32-7; PC-HP; Propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, AcroSeal(R); Propylene carbonate [USAN]; Solvenon PC; propylen carbonate; MFCD00005385; Carbonic acid propylene; ACMC-209dtm; ACMC-20aj2f; Arconate propylene carbonate; EC 203-572-1; ACMC-1C29L; SCHEMBL15309; 5-19-04-00021 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC492E8H; CHEMBL1733973; DTXSID2026789; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; CTK3J2283; 1,2-PDC; 4-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one; NSC1913; NSC-1913; NSC11784; Tox21_202047; Tox21_303214; ANW-15928; BBL027518; MFCD00798265; NSC-11784; STL373011; AKOS009158417; MCULE-9055336051; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); VC30366; Propylene carbonate, anhydrous, 99.7%; NCGC00165974-01; NCGC00165974-02; NCGC00256995-01; NCGC00259596-01; Propylene carbonate, for HPLC, 99.7%; AK109386; AK688454; BP-30108; LS-51953; O433; SC-65189; SY008770; DB-018081; Propylene carbonate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%; CS-0076373; FT-0602265; FT-0639979; FT-0660009; FT-0674103; NS00004305; P0525; D05633; 23262-EP2269986A1; 23262-EP2274983A1; 23262-EP2284165A1; 23262-EP2292593A2; 23262-EP2295399A2; 23262-EP2308858A1; PROPYLENE CARBONATE;Cyclic propylene carbonate; Propylene carbonate, Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%; Propylene carbonate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%; F0001-0165; Propylene carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm; Propylene carbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; carbonate de propylène; 1, 3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-; 1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate; 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Méthyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane; 8D08K3S51; Arconate 1000; Carbonic acid cyclic 1,2-propylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ether; Cyclic propylene carbonate; FF9650000; Jeffsol PC; MFCD00005385 [MDL number]; PC; PC-HP; Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate; UNII:8D08K3S51E; (4S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]; (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; (S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 1,2-PDC; 1,2-PROPANEDIOL CARBONATE; 1,2-Propanediyl carbonate; 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; 1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate; 1,2-Propylene-d6 Carbonate; 1-Methylethylene carbonate; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-2-ONE; Arconate 5000; Arconate propylene carbonate; Carbonic acid cyclic methylethylene ester; Carbonic acid, cyclic propylene ester; Carbonic acid, propylene ester; CYCLIC 1,2-PROPYLENE CARBONATE; Cyclic methylethylene carbonate; Dipropylene carbonate; MFCD00798264 [MDL number]; MFCD00798265 [MDL number]; Propylene Carbonate (Industrial Grade); propylene carbonate [pc]; propylene carbonate 99%; propylene carbonate 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99%; propylene carbonate, 99%,; propylene carbonate, 99.5%; propylene carbonate, 99.5%, anhydrous, acroseal??; propylene carbonate, reagent; propylene carbonate 99%, hydry, water 50 ppm (by k.f.); propylenecarbonate; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]; Propylenester kyseliny uhlicite; Solvenon PC; Texacar PC; WLN: T5OVOTJ D, propilen karbonat, propilen ester, propilenester, propandil karbonat, propilen glikol, 4-metil-1,4-dioksolan, diogzolan, diokzolan, arkonat 5000) caused moderate skin irritation, whereas 5 and 10% Propylene Carbonate in aqueous solution produced no skin irritation or sensitization. Cosmetic products containing up to 20% Propylene Carbonate were essentially nonsensitizing and, at most, moderately irritating to human skin, nonphototoxic, and nonphotosensitizing. It is concluded that Propylene Carbonate is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use and concentration.
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of propylene carbonate, which process involves contacting propylene oxide with carbon dioxide at a temperature of from 150° C. to 250° C. in the presence of a recycled tetraalkylphosphonium bromide catalyst.

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